refactor: introduce @bitwarden/state and other common libs (#15772)

* refactor: introduce @bitwarden/serialization

* refactor: introduce @bitwarden/guid

* refactor: introduce @bitwaren/client-type

* refactor: introduce @bitwarden/core-test-utils

* refactor: introduce @bitwarden/state and @bitwarden/state-test-utils

Creates initial project structure for centralized application state management. Part of modularization effort to extract state code from common.

* Added state provider documentation to README.

* Changed callouts to Github format.

* Fixed linting on file name.

* Forced git to accept rename

---------

Co-authored-by: Todd Martin <tmartin@bitwarden.com>

libs/client-type/src/client-type.spec.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+import * as lib from "./index";
+
+describe("client-type", () => {
+  // This test will fail until something is exported from index.ts
+  it("should work", () => {
+    expect(lib).toBeDefined();
+  });
+});

libs/client-type/src/index.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+// FIXME: update to use a const object instead of a typescript enum
+// eslint-disable-next-line @bitwarden/platform/no-enums
+export enum ClientType {
+  Web = "web",
+  Browser = "browser",
+  Desktop = "desktop",
+  // Mobile = "mobile",
+  Cli = "cli",
+  // DirectoryConnector = "connector",
+}