[PM-21033/PM-22863] User Encryption v2 (#14942)

* Add new encrypt service functions * Undo changes * Cleanup * Fix build * Fix comments * Switch encrypt service to use SDK functions * Move remaining functions to PureCrypto * Tests * Increase test coverage * Split up userkey rotation v2 and add tests * Fix eslint * Fix type errors * Fix tests * Implement signing keys * Fix sdk init * Remove key rotation v2 flag * Fix parsing when user does not have signing keys * Clear up trusted key naming * Split up getNewAccountKeys * Add trim and lowercase * Replace user.email with masterKeySalt * Add wasTrustDenied to verifyTrust in key rotation service * Move testable userkey rotation service code to testable class * Fix build * Add comments * Undo changes * Fix incorrect behavior on aborting key rotation and fix import * Fix tests * Make members of userkey rotation service protected * Fix type error * Cleanup and add injectable annotation * Fix tests * Update apps/web/src/app/key-management/key-rotation/user-key-rotation.service.ts Co-authored-by: Thomas Avery <43214426+Thomas-Avery@users.noreply.github.com> * Remove v1 rotation request * Add upgrade to user encryption v2 * Fix types * Update sdk method calls * Update request models for new server api for rotation * Fix build * Update userkey rotation for new server API * Update crypto client call for new sdk changes * Fix rotation with signing keys * Cargo lock * Fix userkey rotation service * Fix types * Undo changes to feature flag service * Fix linting * [PM-22863] Account security state (#15309) * Add account security state * Update key rotation * Rename * Fix build * Cleanup * Further cleanup * Tests * Increase test coverage * Add test * Increase test coverage * Fix builds and update sdk * Fix build * Fix tests * Reset changes to encrypt service * Cleanup * Add comment * Cleanup * Cleanup * Rename model * Cleanup * Fix build * Clean up * Fix types * Cleanup * Cleanup * Cleanup * Add test * Simplify request model * Rename and add comments * Fix tests * Update responses to use less strict typing * Fix response parsing for v1 users * Update libs/common/src/key-management/keys/response/private-keys.response.ts Co-authored-by: Maciej Zieniuk <167752252+mzieniukbw@users.noreply.github.com> * Update libs/common/src/key-management/keys/response/private-keys.response.ts Co-authored-by: Maciej Zieniuk <167752252+mzieniukbw@users.noreply.github.com> * Fix build * Fix build * Fix build * Undo change * Fix attachments not encrypting for v2 users --------- Co-authored-by: Thomas Avery <43214426+Thomas-Avery@users.noreply.github.com> Co-authored-by: Maciej Zieniuk <167752252+mzieniukbw@users.noreply.github.com>
2025-12-10 13:23:34 +00:00 · 2025-10-10 23:04:47 +02:00
parent 89eb60135f
commit cc8bd71775
36 changed files with 1693 additions and 327 deletions
--- a/apps/browser/src/background/main.background.ts
+++ b/apps/browser/src/background/main.background.ts
@@ -100,6 +100,8 @@ import { InternalMasterPasswordServiceAbstraction } from "@bitwarden/common/key-
 import { MasterPasswordService } from "@bitwarden/common/key-management/master-password/services/master-password.service";
 import { PinServiceAbstraction } from "@bitwarden/common/key-management/pin/pin.service.abstraction";
 import { PinService } from "@bitwarden/common/key-management/pin/pin.service.implementation";
+import { SecurityStateService } from "@bitwarden/common/key-management/security-state/abstractions/security-state.service";
+import { DefaultSecurityStateService } from "@bitwarden/common/key-management/security-state/services/security-state.service";
 import { DefaultProcessReloadService } from "@bitwarden/common/key-management/services/default-process-reload.service";
 import {
  DefaultVaultTimeoutSettingsService,
@@ -452,6 +454,7 @@ export default class MainBackground {
  taskService: TaskService;
  cipherEncryptionService: CipherEncryptionService;
  private restrictedItemTypesService: RestrictedItemTypesService;
+  private securityStateService: SecurityStateService;

  ipcContentScriptManagerService: IpcContentScriptManagerService;
  ipcService: IpcService;
@@ -668,6 +671,8 @@ export default class MainBackground {
      logoutCallback,
    );

+    this.securityStateService = new DefaultSecurityStateService(this.stateProvider);
+
    this.popupViewCacheBackgroundService = new PopupViewCacheBackgroundService(
      messageListener,
      this.globalStateProvider,
@@ -830,6 +835,7 @@ export default class MainBackground {
      this.accountService,
      this.kdfConfigService,
      this.keyService,
+      this.securityStateService,
      this.apiService,
      this.stateProvider,
      this.configService,
@@ -999,7 +1005,6 @@ export default class MainBackground {
    this.avatarService = new AvatarService(this.apiService, this.stateProvider);

    this.providerService = new ProviderService(this.stateProvider);
-
    this.syncService = new DefaultSyncService(
      this.masterPasswordService,
      this.accountService,
@@ -1025,6 +1030,7 @@ export default class MainBackground {
      this.tokenService,
      this.authService,
      this.stateProvider,
+      this.securityStateService,
    );

    this.syncServiceListener = new SyncServiceListener(
--- a/apps/cli/src/service-container/service-container.ts
+++ b/apps/cli/src/service-container/service-container.ts
@@ -73,6 +73,8 @@ import { InternalMasterPasswordServiceAbstraction } from "@bitwarden/common/key-
 import { MasterPasswordService } from "@bitwarden/common/key-management/master-password/services/master-password.service";
 import { PinServiceAbstraction } from "@bitwarden/common/key-management/pin/pin.service.abstraction";
 import { PinService } from "@bitwarden/common/key-management/pin/pin.service.implementation";
+import { SecurityStateService } from "@bitwarden/common/key-management/security-state/abstractions/security-state.service";
+import { DefaultSecurityStateService } from "@bitwarden/common/key-management/security-state/services/security-state.service";
 import {
  DefaultVaultTimeoutService,
  DefaultVaultTimeoutSettingsService,
@@ -305,6 +307,7 @@ export class ServiceContainer {
  cipherEncryptionService: CipherEncryptionService;
  restrictedItemTypesService: RestrictedItemTypesService;
  cliRestrictedItemTypesService: CliRestrictedItemTypesService;
+  securityStateService: SecurityStateService;
  cipherArchiveService: CipherArchiveService;

  constructor() {
@@ -406,6 +409,8 @@ export class ServiceContainer {
      this.derivedStateProvider,
    );

+    this.securityStateService = new DefaultSecurityStateService(this.stateProvider);
+
    this.environmentService = new DefaultEnvironmentService(
      this.stateProvider,
      this.accountService,
@@ -612,6 +617,7 @@ export class ServiceContainer {
      this.accountService,
      this.kdfConfigService,
      this.keyService,
+      this.securityStateService,
      this.apiService,
      this.stateProvider,
      this.configService,
@@ -818,6 +824,7 @@ export class ServiceContainer {
      this.tokenService,
      this.authService,
      this.stateProvider,
+      this.securityStateService,
    );

    this.totpService = new TotpService(this.sdkService);
--- a/apps/web/src/app/auth/settings/account/profile.component.ts
+++ b/apps/web/src/app/auth/settings/account/profile.component.ts
@@ -56,7 +56,9 @@ export class ProfileComponent implements OnInit, OnDestroy {
    this.profile = await this.apiService.getProfile();
    const userId = await firstValueFrom(getUserId(this.accountService.activeAccount$));
    this.fingerprintMaterial = userId;
-    const publicKey = await firstValueFrom(this.keyService.userPublicKey$(userId));
+    const publicKey = (await firstValueFrom(
+      this.keyService.userPublicKey$(userId),
+    )) as UserPublicKey;
    if (publicKey == null) {
      this.logService.error(
        "[ProfileComponent] No public key available for the user: " +
--- a/apps/web/src/app/key-management/key-rotation/model/public-key-encryption-key-pair-request.model.ts
+++ b/apps/web/src/app/key-management/key-rotation/model/public-key-encryption-key-pair-request.model.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+import { UnsignedPublicKey, WrappedPrivateKey } from "@bitwarden/common/key-management/types";
+import { Utils } from "@bitwarden/common/platform/misc/utils";
+import { SignedPublicKey } from "@bitwarden/sdk-internal";
+
+export class PublicKeyEncryptionKeyPairRequestModel {
+  wrappedPrivateKey: WrappedPrivateKey;
+  publicKey: string;
+  signedPublicKey: SignedPublicKey | null;
+
+  constructor(
+    wrappedPrivateKey: WrappedPrivateKey,
+    publicKey: UnsignedPublicKey,
+    signedPublicKey: SignedPublicKey | null,
+  ) {
+    this.wrappedPrivateKey = wrappedPrivateKey;
+    this.publicKey = Utils.fromBufferToB64(publicKey);
+    this.signedPublicKey = signedPublicKey;
+  }
+}
--- a/apps/web/src/app/key-management/key-rotation/model/signature-key-pair-request-request.model.ts
+++ b/apps/web/src/app/key-management/key-rotation/model/signature-key-pair-request-request.model.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+import { VerifyingKey, WrappedSigningKey } from "@bitwarden/common/key-management/types";
+import { SignatureAlgorithm } from "@bitwarden/sdk-internal";
+
+export class SignatureKeyPairRequestModel {
+  signatureAlgorithm: SignatureAlgorithm;
+  wrappedSigningKey: WrappedSigningKey;
+  verifyingKey: VerifyingKey;
+
+  constructor(
+    signingKey: WrappedSigningKey,
+    verifyingKey: VerifyingKey,
+    signingKeyAlgorithm: SignatureAlgorithm,
+  ) {
+    this.signatureAlgorithm = signingKeyAlgorithm;
+    this.wrappedSigningKey = signingKey;
+    this.verifyingKey = verifyingKey;
+  }
+}
--- a/apps/web/src/app/key-management/key-rotation/request/account-keys.request.ts
+++ b/apps/web/src/app/key-management/key-rotation/request/account-keys.request.ts
@@ -1,10 +1,70 @@
-export class AccountKeysRequest {
-  // Other keys encrypted by the userkey
-  userKeyEncryptedAccountPrivateKey: string;
-  accountPublicKey: string;
+import { SecurityStateRequest } from "@bitwarden/common/key-management/security-state/request/security-state.request";
+import { WrappedPrivateKey } from "@bitwarden/common/key-management/types";
+import { SdkLoadService } from "@bitwarden/common/platform/abstractions/sdk/sdk-load.service";
+import { Utils } from "@bitwarden/common/platform/misc/utils";
+import { PureCrypto } from "@bitwarden/sdk-internal";

-  constructor(userKeyEncryptedAccountPrivateKey: string, accountPublicKey: string) {
-    this.userKeyEncryptedAccountPrivateKey = userKeyEncryptedAccountPrivateKey;
-    this.accountPublicKey = accountPublicKey;
+import { PublicKeyEncryptionKeyPairRequestModel } from "../model/public-key-encryption-key-pair-request.model";
+import { SignatureKeyPairRequestModel } from "../model/signature-key-pair-request-request.model";
+import { V1UserCryptographicState } from "../types/v1-cryptographic-state";
+import { V2UserCryptographicState } from "../types/v2-cryptographic-state";
+
+// This request contains other account-owned keys that are encrypted with the user key.
+export class AccountKeysRequest {
+  /**
+   * @deprecated
+   */
+  userKeyEncryptedAccountPrivateKey: WrappedPrivateKey | null = null;
+  /**
+   * @deprecated
+   */
+  accountPublicKey: string | null = null;
+
+  publicKeyEncryptionKeyPair: PublicKeyEncryptionKeyPairRequestModel | null = null;
+  signatureKeyPair: SignatureKeyPairRequestModel | null = null;
+  securityState: SecurityStateRequest | null = null;
+
+  constructor() {}
+
+  static fromV1CryptographicState(state: V1UserCryptographicState): AccountKeysRequest {
+    const request = new AccountKeysRequest();
+    request.userKeyEncryptedAccountPrivateKey = state.publicKeyEncryptionKeyPair.wrappedPrivateKey;
+    request.accountPublicKey = Utils.fromBufferToB64(state.publicKeyEncryptionKeyPair.publicKey);
+    request.publicKeyEncryptionKeyPair = new PublicKeyEncryptionKeyPairRequestModel(
+      state.publicKeyEncryptionKeyPair.wrappedPrivateKey,
+      state.publicKeyEncryptionKeyPair.publicKey,
+      null,
+    );
+
+    return request;
+  }
+
+  static async fromV2CryptographicState(
+    state: V2UserCryptographicState,
+  ): Promise<AccountKeysRequest> {
+    // Ensure the SDK is loaded, since it is used to derive the signature algorithm.
+    await SdkLoadService.Ready;
+
+    const request = new AccountKeysRequest();
+    request.userKeyEncryptedAccountPrivateKey = state.publicKeyEncryptionKeyPair.wrappedPrivateKey!;
+    request.accountPublicKey = Utils.fromBufferToB64(state.publicKeyEncryptionKeyPair.publicKey);
+    request.publicKeyEncryptionKeyPair = new PublicKeyEncryptionKeyPairRequestModel(
+      state.publicKeyEncryptionKeyPair.wrappedPrivateKey,
+      state.publicKeyEncryptionKeyPair.publicKey,
+      state.publicKeyEncryptionKeyPair.signedPublicKey,
+    );
+    request.signatureKeyPair = new SignatureKeyPairRequestModel(
+      state.signatureKeyPair.wrappedSigningKey,
+      state.signatureKeyPair.verifyingKey,
+      PureCrypto.key_algorithm_for_verifying_key(
+        Utils.fromB64ToArray(state.signatureKeyPair.verifyingKey),
+      ),
+    );
+    request.securityState = new SecurityStateRequest(
+      state.securityState.securityState,
+      state.securityState.securityStateVersion,
+    );
+
+    return request;
  }
 }
--- a/apps/web/src/app/key-management/key-rotation/types/v1-cryptographic-state.ts
+++ b/apps/web/src/app/key-management/key-rotation/types/v1-cryptographic-state.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+import { UnsignedPublicKey, WrappedPrivateKey } from "@bitwarden/common/key-management/types";
+import { UserKey } from "@bitwarden/common/types/key";
+
+export type V1UserCryptographicState = {
+  userKey: UserKey;
+  publicKeyEncryptionKeyPair: {
+    wrappedPrivateKey: WrappedPrivateKey;
+    publicKey: UnsignedPublicKey;
+  };
+};
--- a/apps/web/src/app/key-management/key-rotation/types/v2-cryptographic-state.ts
+++ b/apps/web/src/app/key-management/key-rotation/types/v2-cryptographic-state.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+import {
+  SignedSecurityState,
+  UnsignedPublicKey,
+  VerifyingKey,
+  WrappedPrivateKey,
+  WrappedSigningKey,
+} from "@bitwarden/common/key-management/types";
+import { Utils } from "@bitwarden/common/platform/misc/utils";
+import { SymmetricCryptoKey } from "@bitwarden/common/platform/models/domain/symmetric-crypto-key";
+import { UserKey } from "@bitwarden/common/types/key";
+import { SignedPublicKey, UserCryptoV2KeysResponse } from "@bitwarden/sdk-internal";
+
+export type V2UserCryptographicState = {
+  userKey: UserKey;
+  publicKeyEncryptionKeyPair: {
+    wrappedPrivateKey: WrappedPrivateKey;
+    publicKey: UnsignedPublicKey;
+    signedPublicKey: SignedPublicKey;
+  };
+  signatureKeyPair: {
+    wrappedSigningKey: WrappedSigningKey;
+    verifyingKey: VerifyingKey;
+  };
+  securityState: {
+    securityState: SignedSecurityState;
+    securityStateVersion: number;
+  };
+};
+
+export function fromSdkV2KeysToV2UserCryptographicState(
+  response: UserCryptoV2KeysResponse,
+): V2UserCryptographicState {
+  return {
+    userKey: SymmetricCryptoKey.fromString(response.userKey) as UserKey,
+    publicKeyEncryptionKeyPair: {
+      wrappedPrivateKey: response.privateKey as WrappedPrivateKey,
+      publicKey: Utils.fromB64ToArray(response.publicKey) as UnsignedPublicKey,
+      signedPublicKey: response.signedPublicKey,
+    },
+    signatureKeyPair: {
+      wrappedSigningKey: response.signingKey as WrappedSigningKey,
+      verifyingKey: response.verifyingKey as VerifyingKey,
+    },
+    securityState: {
+      securityState: response.securityState as SignedSecurityState,
+      securityStateVersion: response.securityVersion,
+    },
+  };
+}
--- a/apps/web/src/app/key-management/key-rotation/user-key-rotation.service.spec.ts
+++ b/apps/web/src/app/key-management/key-rotation/user-key-rotation.service.spec.ts
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ import { BehaviorSubject } from "rxjs";
 import { OrganizationUserResetPasswordWithIdRequest } from "@bitwarden/admin-console/common";
 import { Account } from "@bitwarden/common/auth/abstractions/account.service";
 import { WebauthnRotateCredentialRequest } from "@bitwarden/common/auth/models/request/webauthn-rotate-credential.request";
+import { FeatureFlag } from "@bitwarden/common/enums/feature-flag.enum";
 import { CryptoFunctionService } from "@bitwarden/common/key-management/crypto/abstractions/crypto-function.service";
 import { EncryptService } from "@bitwarden/common/key-management/crypto/abstractions/encrypt.service";
 import {
@@ -11,10 +12,22 @@ import {
  EncString,
 } from "@bitwarden/common/key-management/crypto/models/enc-string";
 import { DeviceTrustServiceAbstraction } from "@bitwarden/common/key-management/device-trust/abstractions/device-trust.service.abstraction";
+import { SecurityStateService } from "@bitwarden/common/key-management/security-state/abstractions/security-state.service";
+import {
+  SignedPublicKey,
+  SignedSecurityState,
+  UnsignedPublicKey,
+  VerifyingKey,
+  WrappedPrivateKey,
+  WrappedSigningKey,
+} from "@bitwarden/common/key-management/types";
 import { VaultTimeoutService } from "@bitwarden/common/key-management/vault-timeout";
 import { ConfigService } from "@bitwarden/common/platform/abstractions/config/config.service";
 import { I18nService } from "@bitwarden/common/platform/abstractions/i18n.service";
 import { LogService } from "@bitwarden/common/platform/abstractions/log.service";
+import { SdkClientFactory } from "@bitwarden/common/platform/abstractions/sdk/sdk-client-factory";
+import { SdkLoadService } from "@bitwarden/common/platform/abstractions/sdk/sdk-load.service";
+import { HashPurpose } from "@bitwarden/common/platform/enums";
 import { Utils } from "@bitwarden/common/platform/misc/utils";
 import { SymmetricCryptoKey } from "@bitwarden/common/platform/models/domain/symmetric-crypto-key";
 import { SendWithIdRequest } from "@bitwarden/common/tools/send/models/request/send-with-id.request";
@@ -33,13 +46,14 @@ import {
  PBKDF2KdfConfig,
  KdfConfigService,
  KdfConfig,
+  KdfType,
 } from "@bitwarden/key-management";
 import {
  AccountRecoveryTrustComponent,
  EmergencyAccessTrustComponent,
  KeyRotationTrustInfoComponent,
 } from "@bitwarden/key-management-ui";
-import { PureCrypto } from "@bitwarden/sdk-internal";
+import { BitwardenClient, PureCrypto } from "@bitwarden/sdk-internal";

 import { OrganizationUserResetPasswordService } from "../../admin-console/organizations/members/services/organization-user-reset-password/organization-user-reset-password.service";
 import { WebauthnLoginAdminService } from "../../auth";
@@ -48,11 +62,18 @@ import { EmergencyAccessStatusType } from "../../auth/emergency-access/enums/eme
 import { EmergencyAccessType } from "../../auth/emergency-access/enums/emergency-access-type";
 import { EmergencyAccessWithIdRequest } from "../../auth/emergency-access/request/emergency-access-update.request";

+import { AccountKeysRequest } from "./request/account-keys.request";
 import { MasterPasswordUnlockDataRequest } from "./request/master-password-unlock-data.request";
 import { UnlockDataRequest } from "./request/unlock-data.request";
 import { UserDataRequest } from "./request/userdata.request";
+import { V1UserCryptographicState } from "./types/v1-cryptographic-state";
+import { V2UserCryptographicState } from "./types/v2-cryptographic-state";
 import { UserKeyRotationApiService } from "./user-key-rotation-api.service";
-import { UserKeyRotationService } from "./user-key-rotation.service";
+import {
+  UserKeyRotationService,
+  V1CryptographicStateParameters,
+  V2CryptographicStateParameters,
+} from "./user-key-rotation.service";

 const initialPromptedOpenTrue = jest.fn();
 initialPromptedOpenTrue.mockReturnValue({ closed: new BehaviorSubject(true) });
@@ -120,6 +141,21 @@ function createMockWebauthn(id: string): any {
  } as WebauthnRotateCredentialRequest;
 }

+const TEST_VECTOR_USER_KEY_V1 = new SymmetricCryptoKey(new Uint8Array(64)) as UserKey;
+const TEST_VECTOR_PRIVATE_KEY_V1 =
+  "2.AAAw2vTUePO+CCyokcIfVw==|DTBNlJ5yVsV2Bsk3UU3H6Q==|YvFBff5gxWqM+UsFB6BKimKxhC32AtjF3IStpU1Ijwg=" as WrappedPrivateKey;
+const TEST_VECTOR_PUBLIC_KEY_V1 = Utils.fromBufferToB64(new Uint8Array(400));
+const TEST_VECTOR_PRIVATE_KEY_V1_ROTATED =
+  "2.AAAw2vTUePO+CCyokcIfVw==|DTBNlJ5yVsV2Bsk3UU3H6Q==|AAAAff5gxWqM+UsFB6BKimKxhC32AtjF3IStpU1Ijwg=" as WrappedPrivateKey;
+
+const TEST_VECTOR_USER_KEY_V2 = new SymmetricCryptoKey(new Uint8Array(70)) as UserKey;
+const TEST_VECTOR_PRIVATE_KEY_V2 = "7.AAAw2vTUePO+CCyokcIfVw==" as WrappedPrivateKey;
+const TEST_VECTOR_SIGNING_KEY_V2 = "7.AAAw2vTUePO+CCyokcIfVw==" as WrappedSigningKey;
+const TEST_VECTOR_VERIFYING_KEY_V2 = "AAAw2vTUePO+CCyokcIfVw==" as VerifyingKey;
+const TEST_VECTOR_SECURITY_STATE_V2 = "AAAw2vTUePO+CCyokcIfVw==" as SignedSecurityState;
+const TEST_VECTOR_PUBLIC_KEY_V2 = Utils.fromBufferToB64(new Uint8Array(400));
+const TEST_VECTOR_SIGNED_PUBLIC_KEY_V2 = "AAAw2vTUePO+CCyokcIfVw==" as SignedPublicKey;
+
 class TestUserKeyRotationService extends UserKeyRotationService {
  override rotateUserKeyMasterPasswordAndEncryptedData(
    currentMasterPassword: string,
@@ -138,22 +174,17 @@ class TestUserKeyRotationService extends UserKeyRotationService {
    return super.ensureIsAllowedToRotateUserKey();
  }
  override getNewAccountKeysV1(
-    currentUserKey: UserKey,
-    currentUserKeyWrappedPrivateKey: EncString,
-  ): Promise<{
-    userKey: UserKey;
-    asymmetricEncryptionKeys: { wrappedPrivateKey: EncString; publicKey: string };
-  }> {
-    return super.getNewAccountKeysV1(currentUserKey, currentUserKeyWrappedPrivateKey);
+    cryptographicStateParameters: V1CryptographicStateParameters,
+  ): Promise<V1UserCryptographicState> {
+    return super.getNewAccountKeysV1(cryptographicStateParameters);
  }
  override getNewAccountKeysV2(
-    currentUserKey: UserKey,
-    currentUserKeyWrappedPrivateKey: EncString,
-  ): Promise<{
-    userKey: UserKey;
-    asymmetricEncryptionKeys: { wrappedPrivateKey: EncString; publicKey: string };
-  }> {
-    return super.getNewAccountKeysV2(currentUserKey, currentUserKeyWrappedPrivateKey);
+    userId: UserId,
+    kdfConfig: KdfConfig,
+    email: string,
+    cryptographicStateParameters: V1CryptographicStateParameters | V2CryptographicStateParameters,
+  ): Promise<V2UserCryptographicState> {
+    return super.getNewAccountKeysV2(userId, kdfConfig, email, cryptographicStateParameters);
  }
  override createMasterPasswordUnlockDataRequest(
    userKey: UserKey,
@@ -176,8 +207,8 @@ class TestUserKeyRotationService extends UserKeyRotationService {
      masterKeyKdfConfig: KdfConfig;
      masterPasswordHint: string;
    },
-    trustedEmergencyAccessGranteesPublicKeys: Uint8Array[],
-    trustedOrganizationPublicKeys: Uint8Array[],
+    trustedEmergencyAccessGranteesPublicKeys: UnsignedPublicKey[],
+    trustedOrganizationPublicKeys: UnsignedPublicKey[],
  ): Promise<UnlockDataRequest> {
    return super.getAccountUnlockDataRequest(
      userId,
@@ -190,8 +221,8 @@ class TestUserKeyRotationService extends UserKeyRotationService {
  }
  override verifyTrust(user: Account): Promise<{
    wasTrustDenied: boolean;
-    trustedOrganizationPublicKeys: Uint8Array[];
-    trustedEmergencyAccessUserPublicKeys: Uint8Array[];
+    trustedOrganizationPublicKeys: UnsignedPublicKey[];
+    trustedEmergencyAccessUserPublicKeys: UnsignedPublicKey[];
  }> {
    return super.verifyTrust(user);
  }
@@ -202,14 +233,6 @@ class TestUserKeyRotationService extends UserKeyRotationService {
  ): Promise<UserDataRequest> {
    return super.getAccountDataRequest(originalUserKey, newUnencryptedUserKey, user);
  }
-  override makeNewUserKeyV1(oldUserKey: UserKey): Promise<UserKey> {
-    return super.makeNewUserKeyV1(oldUserKey);
-  }
-  override makeNewUserKeyV2(
-    oldUserKey: UserKey,
-  ): Promise<{ isUpgrading: boolean; newUserKey: UserKey }> {
-    return super.makeNewUserKeyV2(oldUserKey);
-  }
  override isV1User(userKey: UserKey): boolean {
    return super.isV1User(userKey);
  }
@@ -227,6 +250,13 @@ class TestUserKeyRotationService extends UserKeyRotationService {
      masterKeySalt,
    );
  }
+  override getCryptographicStateForUser(user: Account): Promise<{
+    masterKeyKdfConfig: KdfConfig;
+    masterKeySalt: string;
+    cryptographicStateParameters: V1CryptographicStateParameters | V2CryptographicStateParameters;
+  }> {
+    return super.getCryptographicStateForUser(user);
+  }
 }

 describe("KeyRotationService", () => {
@@ -251,6 +281,8 @@ describe("KeyRotationService", () => {
  let mockI18nService: MockProxy<I18nService>;
  let mockCryptoFunctionService: MockProxy<CryptoFunctionService>;
  let mockKdfConfigService: MockProxy<KdfConfigService>;
+  let mockSdkClientFactory: MockProxy<SdkClientFactory>;
+  let mockSecurityStateService: MockProxy<SecurityStateService>;

  const mockUser = {
    id: "mockUserId" as UserId,
@@ -261,6 +293,9 @@ describe("KeyRotationService", () => {

  const mockTrustedPublicKeys = [Utils.fromUtf8ToArray("test-public-key")];

+  const mockMakeKeysForUserCryptoV2 = jest.fn();
+  const mockGetV2RotatedAccountKeys = jest.fn();
+
  beforeAll(() => {
    mockApiService = mock<UserKeyRotationApiService>();
    mockCipherService = mock<CipherService>();
@@ -271,7 +306,7 @@ describe("KeyRotationService", () => {
      mockTrustedPublicKeys.map((key) => {
        return {
          publicKey: key,
-          id: "mockId",
+          id: "00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000000" as UserId,
          granteeId: "mockGranteeId",
          name: "mockName",
          email: "mockEmail",
@@ -306,6 +341,17 @@ describe("KeyRotationService", () => {
    mockDialogService = mock<DialogService>();
    mockCryptoFunctionService = mock<CryptoFunctionService>();
    mockKdfConfigService = mock<KdfConfigService>();
+    mockSdkClientFactory = mock<SdkClientFactory>();
+    mockSdkClientFactory.createSdkClient.mockResolvedValue({
+      crypto: () => {
+        return {
+          initialize_user_crypto: jest.fn(),
+          make_keys_for_user_crypto_v2: mockMakeKeysForUserCryptoV2,
+          get_v2_rotated_account_keys: mockGetV2RotatedAccountKeys,
+        } as any;
+      },
+    } as BitwardenClient);
+    mockSecurityStateService = mock<SecurityStateService>();

    keyRotationService = new TestUserKeyRotationService(
      mockApiService,
@@ -327,6 +373,8 @@ describe("KeyRotationService", () => {
      mockConfigService,
      mockCryptoFunctionService,
      mockKdfConfigService,
+      mockSdkClientFactory,
+      mockSecurityStateService,
    );
  });

@@ -334,13 +382,16 @@ describe("KeyRotationService", () => {
    jest.clearAllMocks();
    jest.mock("@bitwarden/key-management-ui");
    jest.spyOn(PureCrypto, "make_user_key_aes256_cbc_hmac").mockReturnValue(new Uint8Array(64));
-    jest.spyOn(PureCrypto, "make_user_key_xchacha20_poly1305").mockReturnValue(new Uint8Array(70));
    jest
      .spyOn(PureCrypto, "encrypt_user_key_with_master_password")
      .mockReturnValue("mockNewUserKey");
+    Object.defineProperty(SdkLoadService, "Ready", {
+      value: Promise.resolve(),
+      configurable: true,
+    });
  });

-  describe("rotateUserKeyAndEncryptedData", () => {
+  describe("rotateUserKeyMasterPasswordAndEncryptedData", () => {
    let privateKey: BehaviorSubject<UserPrivateKey | null>;
    let keyPair: BehaviorSubject<{ privateKey: UserPrivateKey; publicKey: UserPublicKey }>;

@@ -438,6 +489,64 @@ describe("KeyRotationService", () => {
      expect(arg.accountUnlockData.passkeyUnlockData.length).toBe(2);
    });

+    it("passes the EnrollAeadOnKeyRotation feature flag to getRotatedAccountKeysFlagged", async () => {
+      KeyRotationTrustInfoComponent.open = initialPromptedOpenTrue;
+      AccountRecoveryTrustComponent.open = accountRecoveryTrustOpenTrusted;
+      EmergencyAccessTrustComponent.open = emergencyAccessTrustOpenTrusted;
+      mockKdfConfigService.getKdfConfig$.mockReturnValue(
+        new BehaviorSubject(new PBKDF2KdfConfig(100000)),
+      );
+      mockKeyService.userKey$.mockReturnValue(
+        new BehaviorSubject(new SymmetricCryptoKey(new Uint8Array(64)) as UserKey),
+      );
+      mockKeyService.userEncryptedPrivateKey$.mockReturnValue(
+        new BehaviorSubject(TEST_VECTOR_PRIVATE_KEY_V1 as string as EncryptedString),
+      );
+      mockKeyService.userSigningKey$.mockReturnValue(new BehaviorSubject(null));
+      mockSecurityStateService.accountSecurityState$.mockReturnValue(new BehaviorSubject(null));
+      mockConfigService.getFeatureFlag.mockResolvedValue(true);
+
+      const spy = jest.spyOn(keyRotationService, "getRotatedAccountKeysFlagged").mockResolvedValue({
+        userKey: TEST_VECTOR_USER_KEY_V2,
+        accountKeysRequest: {
+          userKeyEncryptedAccountPrivateKey: TEST_VECTOR_PRIVATE_KEY_V2,
+          accountPublicKey: TEST_VECTOR_PUBLIC_KEY_V2,
+          publicKeyEncryptionKeyPair: {
+            wrappedPrivateKey: TEST_VECTOR_PRIVATE_KEY_V2,
+            publicKey: TEST_VECTOR_PUBLIC_KEY_V2,
+            signedPublicKey: TEST_VECTOR_SIGNED_PUBLIC_KEY_V2,
+          },
+          signatureKeyPair: {
+            wrappedSigningKey: TEST_VECTOR_SIGNING_KEY_V2,
+            verifyingKey: TEST_VECTOR_VERIFYING_KEY_V2,
+            signatureAlgorithm: "ed25519",
+          },
+          securityState: {
+            securityState: TEST_VECTOR_SECURITY_STATE_V2,
+            securityVersion: 2,
+          },
+        },
+      });
+
+      await keyRotationService.rotateUserKeyMasterPasswordAndEncryptedData(
+        "mockMasterPassword",
+        "mockMasterPassword1",
+        mockUser,
+        "masterPasswordHint",
+      );
+
+      expect(mockConfigService.getFeatureFlag).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
+        FeatureFlag.EnrollAeadOnKeyRotation,
+      );
+      expect(spy).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
+        mockUser.id,
+        expect.any(PBKDF2KdfConfig),
+        mockUser.email,
+        expect.objectContaining({ version: 1 }),
+        true,
+      );
+    });
+
    it("throws if kdf config is null", async () => {
      KeyRotationTrustInfoComponent.open = initialPromptedOpenTrue;
      AccountRecoveryTrustComponent.open = accountRecoveryTrustOpenTrusted;
@@ -511,17 +620,17 @@ describe("KeyRotationService", () => {
  });

  describe("getNewAccountKeysV1", () => {
-    const currentUserKey = new SymmetricCryptoKey(new Uint8Array(64)) as UserKey;
-    const mockEncryptedPrivateKey = new EncString(
-      "2.eh465OrUcluL9UpnCOUTAg==|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|uuoY4b7xwMYBNIZi85KBsaHmNqtJl5FrKxZI9ugeNwc=",
-    );
-    const mockNewEncryptedPrivateKey = new EncString(
-      "2.ab465OrUcluL9UpnCOUTAg==|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|uuoY4b7xwMYBNIZi85KBsaHmNqtJl5FrKxZI9ugeNwc=",
-    );
+    const currentUserKey = TEST_VECTOR_USER_KEY_V1;
+    const mockEncryptedPrivateKey = TEST_VECTOR_PRIVATE_KEY_V1 as WrappedPrivateKey;
+    const mockNewEncryptedPrivateKey = TEST_VECTOR_PRIVATE_KEY_V1_ROTATED as WrappedPrivateKey;
    beforeAll(() => {
      mockEncryptService.unwrapDecapsulationKey.mockResolvedValue(new Uint8Array(200));
-      mockEncryptService.wrapDecapsulationKey.mockResolvedValue(mockNewEncryptedPrivateKey);
-      mockCryptoFunctionService.rsaExtractPublicKey.mockResolvedValue(new Uint8Array(400));
+      mockEncryptService.wrapDecapsulationKey.mockResolvedValue(
+        new EncString(mockNewEncryptedPrivateKey),
+      );
+      mockCryptoFunctionService.rsaExtractPublicKey.mockResolvedValue(
+        new Uint8Array(400) as UnsignedPublicKey,
+      );
    });

    afterAll(() => {
@@ -529,28 +638,110 @@ describe("KeyRotationService", () => {
    });

    it("returns new account keys", async () => {
-      const result = await keyRotationService.getNewAccountKeysV1(
-        currentUserKey,
-        mockEncryptedPrivateKey,
-      );
+      const result = await keyRotationService.getNewAccountKeysV1({
+        version: 1,
+        userKey: currentUserKey,
+        publicKeyEncryptionKeyPair: {
+          wrappedPrivateKey: mockEncryptedPrivateKey,
+          publicKey: Utils.fromB64ToArray(TEST_VECTOR_PUBLIC_KEY_V1) as UnsignedPublicKey,
+        },
+      });
      expect(result).toEqual({
        userKey: expect.any(SymmetricCryptoKey),
-        asymmetricEncryptionKeys: {
+        publicKeyEncryptionKeyPair: {
          wrappedPrivateKey: mockNewEncryptedPrivateKey,
-          publicKey: Utils.fromBufferToB64(new Uint8Array(400)),
+          publicKey: new Uint8Array(400) as UserPublicKey,
        },
      });
    });
  });

  describe("getNewAccountKeysV2", () => {
-    it("throws not supported", async () => {
-      await expect(
-        keyRotationService.getNewAccountKeysV2(
-          new SymmetricCryptoKey(new Uint8Array(64)) as UserKey,
-          null,
-        ),
-      ).rejects.toThrow("User encryption v2 upgrade is not supported yet");
+    it("rotates a v2 user", async () => {
+      mockGetV2RotatedAccountKeys.mockReturnValue({
+        userKey: TEST_VECTOR_USER_KEY_V2.toBase64(),
+        privateKey: TEST_VECTOR_PRIVATE_KEY_V2,
+        publicKey: TEST_VECTOR_PUBLIC_KEY_V2,
+        signedPublicKey: TEST_VECTOR_SIGNED_PUBLIC_KEY_V2,
+        signingKey: TEST_VECTOR_SIGNING_KEY_V2,
+        verifyingKey: TEST_VECTOR_VERIFYING_KEY_V2,
+        securityState: TEST_VECTOR_SECURITY_STATE_V2,
+        securityVersion: 2,
+      });
+      const result = await keyRotationService.getNewAccountKeysV2(
+        "00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000000" as UserId,
+        new PBKDF2KdfConfig(600_000),
+        "mockuseremail",
+        {
+          version: 2 as const,
+          userKey: TEST_VECTOR_USER_KEY_V2,
+          publicKeyEncryptionKeyPair: {
+            wrappedPrivateKey: TEST_VECTOR_PRIVATE_KEY_V2,
+            publicKey: Utils.fromB64ToArray(TEST_VECTOR_PUBLIC_KEY_V2) as UnsignedPublicKey,
+          },
+          signingKey: TEST_VECTOR_SIGNING_KEY_V2 as WrappedSigningKey,
+          securityState: TEST_VECTOR_SECURITY_STATE_V2 as SignedSecurityState,
+        },
+      );
+      expect(mockGetV2RotatedAccountKeys).toHaveBeenCalled();
+      expect(result).toEqual({
+        userKey: TEST_VECTOR_USER_KEY_V2,
+        publicKeyEncryptionKeyPair: {
+          wrappedPrivateKey: TEST_VECTOR_PRIVATE_KEY_V2,
+          publicKey: Utils.fromB64ToArray(TEST_VECTOR_PUBLIC_KEY_V2) as UnsignedPublicKey,
+          signedPublicKey: TEST_VECTOR_SIGNED_PUBLIC_KEY_V2,
+        },
+        signatureKeyPair: {
+          wrappedSigningKey: TEST_VECTOR_SIGNING_KEY_V2 as WrappedSigningKey,
+          verifyingKey: TEST_VECTOR_VERIFYING_KEY_V2 as VerifyingKey,
+        },
+        securityState: {
+          securityState: TEST_VECTOR_SECURITY_STATE_V2 as SignedSecurityState,
+          securityStateVersion: 2,
+        },
+      });
+    });
+    it("upgrades v1 user to v2 user", async () => {
+      mockMakeKeysForUserCryptoV2.mockReturnValue({
+        userKey: TEST_VECTOR_USER_KEY_V2.toBase64(),
+        privateKey: TEST_VECTOR_PRIVATE_KEY_V2,
+        publicKey: Utils.fromB64ToArray(TEST_VECTOR_PUBLIC_KEY_V2) as UnsignedPublicKey,
+        signedPublicKey: TEST_VECTOR_SIGNED_PUBLIC_KEY_V2,
+        signingKey: TEST_VECTOR_SIGNING_KEY_V2,
+        verifyingKey: TEST_VECTOR_VERIFYING_KEY_V2,
+        securityState: TEST_VECTOR_SECURITY_STATE_V2,
+        securityVersion: 2,
+      });
+      const result = await keyRotationService.getNewAccountKeysV2(
+        "00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000000" as UserId,
+        new PBKDF2KdfConfig(600_000),
+        "mockuseremail",
+        {
+          version: 1,
+          userKey: TEST_VECTOR_USER_KEY_V1,
+          publicKeyEncryptionKeyPair: {
+            wrappedPrivateKey: TEST_VECTOR_PRIVATE_KEY_V1 as WrappedPrivateKey,
+            publicKey: Utils.fromB64ToArray(TEST_VECTOR_PUBLIC_KEY_V1) as UnsignedPublicKey,
+          },
+        },
+      );
+      expect(mockMakeKeysForUserCryptoV2).toHaveBeenCalled();
+      expect(result).toEqual({
+        userKey: TEST_VECTOR_USER_KEY_V2,
+        publicKeyEncryptionKeyPair: {
+          wrappedPrivateKey: TEST_VECTOR_PRIVATE_KEY_V2,
+          publicKey: Utils.fromB64ToArray(TEST_VECTOR_PUBLIC_KEY_V2),
+          signedPublicKey: TEST_VECTOR_SIGNED_PUBLIC_KEY_V2,
+        },
+        signatureKeyPair: {
+          wrappedSigningKey: TEST_VECTOR_SIGNING_KEY_V2 as WrappedSigningKey,
+          verifyingKey: TEST_VECTOR_VERIFYING_KEY_V2 as VerifyingKey,
+        },
+        securityState: {
+          securityState: TEST_VECTOR_SECURITY_STATE_V2 as SignedSecurityState,
+          securityStateVersion: 2,
+        },
+      });
    });
  });

@@ -560,7 +751,7 @@ describe("KeyRotationService", () => {
        new SymmetricCryptoKey(new Uint8Array(32)) as MasterKey,
      );
      mockKeyService.hashMasterKey.mockResolvedValue("mockMasterPasswordHash");
-      const newKey = new SymmetricCryptoKey(new Uint8Array(64)) as UserKey;
+      const newKey = TEST_VECTOR_USER_KEY_V1;
      const userAccount = mockUser;
      const masterPasswordUnlockData =
        await keyRotationService.createMasterPasswordUnlockDataRequest(newKey, {
@@ -572,13 +763,13 @@ describe("KeyRotationService", () => {
      expect(masterPasswordUnlockData).toEqual({
        masterKeyEncryptedUserKey: "mockNewUserKey",
        email: "mockEmail",
-        kdfType: 0,
+        kdfType: KdfType.PBKDF2_SHA256,
        kdfIterations: 600_000,
        masterKeyAuthenticationHash: "mockMasterPasswordHash",
        masterPasswordHint: "mockMasterPasswordHint",
      });
      expect(PureCrypto.encrypt_user_key_with_master_password).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
-        new SymmetricCryptoKey(new Uint8Array(64)).toEncoded(),
+        TEST_VECTOR_USER_KEY_V1.toEncoded(),
        "mockMasterPassword",
        userAccount.email,
        new PBKDF2KdfConfig(600_000).toSdkConfig(),
@@ -637,8 +828,8 @@ describe("KeyRotationService", () => {
          masterKeyKdfConfig: new PBKDF2KdfConfig(600_000),
          masterPasswordHint: "mockMasterPasswordHint",
        },
-        [new Uint8Array(1)], // emergency access public key
-        [new Uint8Array(2)], // account recovery public key
+        [new Uint8Array(1) as UnsignedPublicKey], // emergency access public key
+        [new Uint8Array(2) as UnsignedPublicKey], // account recovery public key
      );
      expect(accountUnlockDataRequest.passkeyUnlockData).toEqual([
        {
@@ -758,66 +949,29 @@ describe("KeyRotationService", () => {
      expect(wasTrustDenied).toBe(true);
    });

-    it("returns trusted keys if all dialogs are accepted", async () => {
-      KeyRotationTrustInfoComponent.open = initialPromptedOpenTrue;
-      EmergencyAccessTrustComponent.open = emergencyAccessTrustOpenTrusted;
-      AccountRecoveryTrustComponent.open = accountRecoveryTrustOpenTrusted;
-      mockEmergencyAccessService.getPublicKeys.mockResolvedValue([
-        mockGranteeEmergencyAccessWithPublicKey,
-      ]);
-      mockResetPasswordService.getPublicKeys.mockResolvedValue([
-        mockOrganizationUserResetPasswordEntry,
-      ]);
-      const {
-        wasTrustDenied,
-        trustedOrganizationPublicKeys: trustedOrgs,
-        trustedEmergencyAccessUserPublicKeys: trustedEmergencyAccessUsers,
-      } = await keyRotationService.verifyTrust(mockUser);
-      expect(wasTrustDenied).toBe(false);
-      expect(trustedEmergencyAccessUsers).toEqual([
-        mockGranteeEmergencyAccessWithPublicKey.publicKey,
-      ]);
-      expect(trustedOrgs).toEqual([mockOrganizationUserResetPasswordEntry.publicKey]);
-    });
-  });
-
-  describe("makeNewUserKeyV1", () => {
-    it("throws if old keys is xchacha20poly1305 key", async () => {
-      await expect(
-        keyRotationService.makeNewUserKeyV1(new SymmetricCryptoKey(new Uint8Array(70)) as UserKey),
-      ).rejects.toThrow(
-        "User account crypto format is v2, but the feature flag is disabled. User key rotation cannot proceed.",
-      );
-    });
-    it("returns new user key", async () => {
-      const oldKey = new SymmetricCryptoKey(new Uint8Array(64)) as UserKey;
-      const newKey = await keyRotationService.makeNewUserKeyV1(oldKey);
-      expect(newKey).toEqual(new SymmetricCryptoKey(new Uint8Array(64)));
-    });
-  });
-
-  describe("makeNewUserKeyV2", () => {
-    it("returns xchacha20poly1305 key", async () => {
-      const oldKey = new SymmetricCryptoKey(new Uint8Array(70)) as UserKey;
-      const { newUserKey } = await keyRotationService.makeNewUserKeyV2(oldKey);
-      expect(newUserKey).toEqual(new SymmetricCryptoKey(new Uint8Array(70)));
-    });
-    it("returns isUpgrading true if old key is v1", async () => {
-      const oldKey = new SymmetricCryptoKey(new Uint8Array(64)) as UserKey;
-      const newKey = await keyRotationService.makeNewUserKeyV2(oldKey);
-      expect(newKey).toEqual({
-        newUserKey: new SymmetricCryptoKey(new Uint8Array(70)),
-        isUpgrading: true,
-      });
-    });
-    it("returns isUpgrading false if old key is v2", async () => {
-      const oldKey = new SymmetricCryptoKey(new Uint8Array(70)) as UserKey;
-      const newKey = await keyRotationService.makeNewUserKeyV2(oldKey);
-      expect(newKey).toEqual({
-        newUserKey: new SymmetricCryptoKey(new Uint8Array(70)),
-        isUpgrading: false,
-      });
-    });
+    test.each([
+      [[mockGranteeEmergencyAccessWithPublicKey], []],
+      [[], [mockOrganizationUserResetPasswordEntry]],
+      [[], []],
+      [[mockGranteeEmergencyAccessWithPublicKey], [mockOrganizationUserResetPasswordEntry]],
+    ])(
+      "returns trusted keys when dialogs are open and public keys are provided",
+      async (emUsers, orgs) => {
+        KeyRotationTrustInfoComponent.open = initialPromptedOpenTrue;
+        EmergencyAccessTrustComponent.open = emergencyAccessTrustOpenTrusted;
+        AccountRecoveryTrustComponent.open = accountRecoveryTrustOpenTrusted;
+        mockEmergencyAccessService.getPublicKeys.mockResolvedValue(emUsers);
+        mockResetPasswordService.getPublicKeys.mockResolvedValue(orgs);
+        const {
+          wasTrustDenied,
+          trustedOrganizationPublicKeys: trustedOrgs,
+          trustedEmergencyAccessUserPublicKeys: trustedEmergencyAccessUsers,
+        } = await keyRotationService.verifyTrust(mockUser);
+        expect(wasTrustDenied).toBe(false);
+        expect(trustedEmergencyAccessUsers).toEqual(emUsers.map((e) => e.publicKey));
+        expect(trustedOrgs).toEqual(orgs.map((o) => o.publicKey));
+      },
+    );
  });

  describe("getAccountDataRequest", () => {
@@ -890,13 +1044,264 @@ describe("KeyRotationService", () => {
  });

  describe("isV1UserKey", () => {
-    const v1Key = new SymmetricCryptoKey(new Uint8Array(64));
-    const v2Key = new SymmetricCryptoKey(new Uint8Array(70));
+    const aes256CbcHmacV1UserKey = new SymmetricCryptoKey(new Uint8Array(64));
+    const coseV2UserKey = new SymmetricCryptoKey(new Uint8Array(70));
    it("returns true for v1 key", () => {
-      expect(keyRotationService.isV1User(v1Key as UserKey)).toBe(true);
+      expect(keyRotationService.isV1User(aes256CbcHmacV1UserKey as UserKey)).toBe(true);
    });
    it("returns false for v2 key", () => {
-      expect(keyRotationService.isV1User(v2Key as UserKey)).toBe(false);
+      expect(keyRotationService.isV1User(coseV2UserKey as UserKey)).toBe(false);
+    });
+    it("returns false for 32 byte AES256-CBC key", () => {
+      const aes256CbcKey = new SymmetricCryptoKey(new Uint8Array(32)) as UserKey;
+      expect(keyRotationService.isV1User(aes256CbcKey)).toBe(false);
+    });
+  });
+
+  describe("makeServerMasterKeyAuthenticationHash", () => {
+    it("returns the master key authentication hash", async () => {
+      mockKeyService.makeMasterKey.mockResolvedValue(
+        new SymmetricCryptoKey(new Uint8Array(32)) as MasterKey,
+      );
+      mockKeyService.hashMasterKey.mockResolvedValue("mockMasterPasswordHash");
+      const masterKeyAuthenticationHash =
+        await keyRotationService.makeServerMasterKeyAuthenticationHash(
+          "mockMasterPassword",
+          new PBKDF2KdfConfig(600_000),
+          "mockEmail",
+        );
+      expect(masterKeyAuthenticationHash).toBe("mockMasterPasswordHash");
+      expect(mockKeyService.makeMasterKey).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
+        "mockMasterPassword",
+        "mockEmail",
+        new PBKDF2KdfConfig(600_000),
+      );
+      expect(mockKeyService.hashMasterKey).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
+        "mockMasterPassword",
+        new SymmetricCryptoKey(new Uint8Array(32)) as MasterKey,
+        HashPurpose.ServerAuthorization,
+      );
+    });
+  });
+
+  describe("getCryptographicStateForUser", () => {
+    beforeEach(() => {
+      mockKdfConfigService.getKdfConfig$.mockReturnValue(
+        new BehaviorSubject(new PBKDF2KdfConfig(100000)),
+      );
+      mockKeyService.userKey$.mockReturnValue(new BehaviorSubject(TEST_VECTOR_USER_KEY_V2));
+      mockKeyService.userEncryptedPrivateKey$.mockReturnValue(
+        new BehaviorSubject(TEST_VECTOR_PRIVATE_KEY_V2 as string as EncryptedString),
+      );
+      mockKeyService.userSigningKey$.mockReturnValue(
+        new BehaviorSubject(TEST_VECTOR_SIGNING_KEY_V2 as WrappedSigningKey),
+      );
+      mockSecurityStateService.accountSecurityState$.mockReturnValue(
+        new BehaviorSubject(TEST_VECTOR_SECURITY_STATE_V2 as SignedSecurityState),
+      );
+      mockCryptoFunctionService.rsaExtractPublicKey.mockResolvedValue(
+        new Uint8Array(400) as UnsignedPublicKey,
+      );
+    });
+
+    it("returns the cryptographic state for v1 user", async () => {
+      mockKeyService.userKey$.mockReturnValue(
+        new BehaviorSubject(new SymmetricCryptoKey(new Uint8Array(64)) as UserKey),
+      );
+      mockKeyService.userEncryptedPrivateKey$.mockReturnValue(
+        new BehaviorSubject(TEST_VECTOR_PRIVATE_KEY_V1 as string as EncryptedString),
+      );
+      mockKeyService.userSigningKey$.mockReturnValue(new BehaviorSubject(null));
+      mockSecurityStateService.accountSecurityState$.mockReturnValue(new BehaviorSubject(null));
+
+      const cryptographicState = await keyRotationService.getCryptographicStateForUser(mockUser);
+      expect(cryptographicState).toEqual({
+        masterKeyKdfConfig: new PBKDF2KdfConfig(100000),
+        masterKeySalt: "mockemail", // the email is lowercased to become the salt
+        cryptographicStateParameters: {
+          version: 1,
+          userKey: TEST_VECTOR_USER_KEY_V1,
+          publicKeyEncryptionKeyPair: {
+            wrappedPrivateKey: TEST_VECTOR_PRIVATE_KEY_V1,
+            publicKey: Utils.fromB64ToArray(TEST_VECTOR_PUBLIC_KEY_V1),
+          },
+        },
+      });
+    });
+
+    it("returns the cryptographic state for v2 user", async () => {
+      const cryptographicState = await keyRotationService.getCryptographicStateForUser(mockUser);
+      expect(cryptographicState).toEqual({
+        masterKeyKdfConfig: new PBKDF2KdfConfig(100000),
+        masterKeySalt: "mockemail", // the email is lowercased to become the salt
+        cryptographicStateParameters: {
+          version: 2,
+          userKey: TEST_VECTOR_USER_KEY_V2,
+          publicKeyEncryptionKeyPair: {
+            wrappedPrivateKey: TEST_VECTOR_PRIVATE_KEY_V2,
+            publicKey: Utils.fromB64ToArray(TEST_VECTOR_PUBLIC_KEY_V2) as UnsignedPublicKey,
+          },
+          signingKey: TEST_VECTOR_SIGNING_KEY_V2 as WrappedSigningKey,
+          securityState: TEST_VECTOR_SECURITY_STATE_V2 as SignedSecurityState,
+        },
+      });
+    });
+
+    it("throws if no kdf config is found", async () => {
+      mockKdfConfigService.getKdfConfig$.mockReturnValue(new BehaviorSubject(null));
+      await expect(keyRotationService.getCryptographicStateForUser(mockUser)).rejects.toThrow(
+        "Failed to get KDF config",
+      );
+    });
+
+    it("throws if current user key is not found", async () => {
+      mockKeyService.userKey$.mockReturnValue(new BehaviorSubject(null));
+      await expect(keyRotationService.getCryptographicStateForUser(mockUser)).rejects.toThrow(
+        "Failed to get User key",
+      );
+    });
+
+    it("throws if private key is not found", async () => {
+      mockKeyService.userEncryptedPrivateKey$.mockReturnValue(new BehaviorSubject(null));
+      await expect(keyRotationService.getCryptographicStateForUser(mockUser)).rejects.toThrow(
+        "Failed to get Private key",
+      );
+    });
+
+    it("throws if user key is not AES256-CBC-HMAC or COSE", async () => {
+      const invalidKey = new SymmetricCryptoKey(new Uint8Array(32)) as UserKey;
+      mockKeyService.userKey$.mockReturnValue(new BehaviorSubject(invalidKey));
+      await expect(keyRotationService.getCryptographicStateForUser(mockUser)).rejects.toThrow(
+        "Unsupported user key type",
+      );
+    });
+  });
+
+  describe("getRotatedAccountKeysFlagged", () => {
+    const userId = "mockUserId" as UserId;
+    const kdfConfig = new PBKDF2KdfConfig(100000);
+    const masterKeySalt = "mockSalt";
+    const v1Params = {
+      version: 1,
+      userKey: TEST_VECTOR_USER_KEY_V1,
+      publicKeyEncryptionKeyPair: {
+        wrappedPrivateKey: TEST_VECTOR_PRIVATE_KEY_V1,
+        publicKey: Utils.fromB64ToArray(TEST_VECTOR_PUBLIC_KEY_V1) as UnsignedPublicKey,
+      },
+    } as V1CryptographicStateParameters;
+    const v2Params = {
+      version: 2,
+      userKey: TEST_VECTOR_USER_KEY_V2,
+      publicKeyEncryptionKeyPair: {
+        wrappedPrivateKey: TEST_VECTOR_PRIVATE_KEY_V2,
+        publicKey: Utils.fromB64ToArray(TEST_VECTOR_PUBLIC_KEY_V2) as UnsignedPublicKey,
+      },
+      signingKey: TEST_VECTOR_SIGNING_KEY_V2,
+      securityState: TEST_VECTOR_SECURITY_STATE_V2,
+    } as V2CryptographicStateParameters;
+
+    beforeEach(() => {
+      jest.spyOn(keyRotationService, "getNewAccountKeysV1").mockResolvedValue({
+        userKey: TEST_VECTOR_USER_KEY_V1,
+        publicKeyEncryptionKeyPair: {
+          wrappedPrivateKey: TEST_VECTOR_PRIVATE_KEY_V1_ROTATED,
+          publicKey: Utils.fromB64ToArray(TEST_VECTOR_PUBLIC_KEY_V1) as UnsignedPublicKey,
+        },
+      });
+      jest.spyOn(keyRotationService, "getNewAccountKeysV2").mockResolvedValue({
+        userKey: TEST_VECTOR_USER_KEY_V2,
+        publicKeyEncryptionKeyPair: {
+          wrappedPrivateKey: TEST_VECTOR_PRIVATE_KEY_V2,
+          publicKey: Utils.fromB64ToArray(TEST_VECTOR_PUBLIC_KEY_V2) as UnsignedPublicKey,
+          signedPublicKey: TEST_VECTOR_SIGNED_PUBLIC_KEY_V2,
+        },
+        signatureKeyPair: {
+          wrappedSigningKey: TEST_VECTOR_SIGNING_KEY_V2 as WrappedSigningKey,
+          verifyingKey: TEST_VECTOR_VERIFYING_KEY_V2 as VerifyingKey,
+        },
+        securityState: {
+          securityState: TEST_VECTOR_SECURITY_STATE_V2 as SignedSecurityState,
+          securityStateVersion: 2,
+        },
+      });
+      jest
+        .spyOn(AccountKeysRequest, "fromV1CryptographicState")
+        .mockReturnValue("v1Request" as any);
+      jest
+        .spyOn(AccountKeysRequest, "fromV2CryptographicState")
+        .mockResolvedValue("v2Request" as any);
+    });
+
+    it("returns v2 keys and request if v2UpgradeEnabled is true", async () => {
+      const result = await keyRotationService.getRotatedAccountKeysFlagged(
+        userId,
+        kdfConfig,
+        masterKeySalt,
+        v1Params,
+        true,
+      );
+      expect(keyRotationService.getNewAccountKeysV2).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
+        userId,
+        kdfConfig,
+        masterKeySalt,
+        v1Params,
+      );
+      expect(result).toEqual({
+        userKey: TEST_VECTOR_USER_KEY_V2,
+        accountKeysRequest: "v2Request",
+      });
+    });
+
+    it("returns v2 keys and request if params.version is 2", async () => {
+      const result = await keyRotationService.getRotatedAccountKeysFlagged(
+        userId,
+        kdfConfig,
+        masterKeySalt,
+        v2Params,
+        false,
+      );
+      expect(keyRotationService.getNewAccountKeysV2).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
+        userId,
+        kdfConfig,
+        masterKeySalt,
+        v2Params,
+      );
+      expect(result).toEqual({
+        userKey: TEST_VECTOR_USER_KEY_V2,
+        accountKeysRequest: "v2Request",
+      });
+    });
+
+    it("returns v1 keys and request if v2UpgradeEnabled is false and params.version is 1", async () => {
+      const result = await keyRotationService.getRotatedAccountKeysFlagged(
+        userId,
+        kdfConfig,
+        masterKeySalt,
+        v1Params,
+        false,
+      );
+      expect(keyRotationService.getNewAccountKeysV1).toHaveBeenCalledWith(v1Params);
+      expect(result).toEqual({
+        userKey: TEST_VECTOR_USER_KEY_V1,
+        accountKeysRequest: "v1Request",
+      });
+    });
+  });
+
+  describe("ensureIsAllowedToRotateUserKey", () => {
+    it("resolves if last sync exists", async () => {
+      mockSyncService.getLastSync.mockResolvedValue(new Date());
+      await expect(keyRotationService.ensureIsAllowedToRotateUserKey()).resolves.toBeUndefined();
+    });
+
+    it("throws if last sync is null", async () => {
+      mockSyncService.getLastSync.mockResolvedValue(null);
+      await expect(keyRotationService.ensureIsAllowedToRotateUserKey()).rejects.toThrow(
+        /de-synced|log out and log back in/i,
+      );
+      expect(mockLogService.info).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
+        "[Userkey rotation] Client was never synced. Aborting!",
+      );
    });
  });
 });
--- a/apps/web/src/app/key-management/key-rotation/user-key-rotation.service.ts
+++ b/apps/web/src/app/key-management/key-rotation/user-key-rotation.service.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 import { Injectable } from "@angular/core";
-import { firstValueFrom } from "rxjs";
+import { firstValueFrom, Observable } from "rxjs";

 import { Account } from "@bitwarden/common/auth/abstractions/account.service";
 import { FeatureFlag } from "@bitwarden/common/enums/feature-flag.enum";
@@ -7,13 +7,21 @@ import { CryptoFunctionService } from "@bitwarden/common/key-management/crypto/a
 import { EncryptService } from "@bitwarden/common/key-management/crypto/abstractions/encrypt.service";
 import { EncString } from "@bitwarden/common/key-management/crypto/models/enc-string";
 import { DeviceTrustServiceAbstraction } from "@bitwarden/common/key-management/device-trust/abstractions/device-trust.service.abstraction";
-import { firstValueFromOrThrow } from "@bitwarden/common/key-management/utils";
+import { SecurityStateService } from "@bitwarden/common/key-management/security-state/abstractions/security-state.service";
+import {
+  SignedSecurityState,
+  UnsignedPublicKey,
+  WrappedPrivateKey,
+  WrappedSigningKey,
+} from "@bitwarden/common/key-management/types";
 import { VaultTimeoutService } from "@bitwarden/common/key-management/vault-timeout";
 import { ConfigService } from "@bitwarden/common/platform/abstractions/config/config.service";
 import { I18nService } from "@bitwarden/common/platform/abstractions/i18n.service";
 import { LogService } from "@bitwarden/common/platform/abstractions/log.service";
+import { SdkClientFactory } from "@bitwarden/common/platform/abstractions/sdk/sdk-client-factory";
+import { SdkLoadService } from "@bitwarden/common/platform/abstractions/sdk/sdk-load.service";
+import { asUuid } from "@bitwarden/common/platform/abstractions/sdk/sdk.service";
 import { EncryptionType, HashPurpose } from "@bitwarden/common/platform/enums";
-import { Utils } from "@bitwarden/common/platform/misc/utils";
 import { SymmetricCryptoKey } from "@bitwarden/common/platform/models/domain/symmetric-crypto-key";
 import { SendService } from "@bitwarden/common/tools/send/services/send.service.abstraction";
 import { UserId } from "@bitwarden/common/types/guid";
@@ -28,7 +36,7 @@ import {
  EmergencyAccessTrustComponent,
  KeyRotationTrustInfoComponent,
 } from "@bitwarden/key-management-ui";
-import { PureCrypto } from "@bitwarden/sdk-internal";
+import { PureCrypto, TokenProvider } from "@bitwarden/sdk-internal";

 import { OrganizationUserResetPasswordService } from "../../admin-console/organizations/members/services/organization-user-reset-password/organization-user-reset-password.service";
 import { WebauthnLoginAdminService } from "../../auth/core";
@@ -39,6 +47,11 @@ import { MasterPasswordUnlockDataRequest } from "./request/master-password-unloc
 import { RotateUserAccountKeysRequest } from "./request/rotate-user-account-keys.request";
 import { UnlockDataRequest } from "./request/unlock-data.request";
 import { UserDataRequest } from "./request/userdata.request";
+import { V1UserCryptographicState } from "./types/v1-cryptographic-state";
+import {
+  fromSdkV2KeysToV2UserCryptographicState,
+  V2UserCryptographicState,
+} from "./types/v2-cryptographic-state";
 import { UserKeyRotationApiService } from "./user-key-rotation-api.service";

 type MasterPasswordAuthenticationAndUnlockData = {
@@ -48,6 +61,19 @@ type MasterPasswordAuthenticationAndUnlockData = {
  masterPasswordHint: string;
 };

+/**
+ * A token provider that exposes a null access token to the SDK.
+ */
+class NoopTokenProvider implements TokenProvider {
+  constructor() {}
+
+  async get_access_token(): Promise<string | undefined> {
+    // Ignore from the test coverage, since this is called by the SDK
+    /* istanbul ignore next */
+    return undefined;
+  }
+}
+
@Injectable({ providedIn: "root" })
 export class UserKeyRotationService {
  constructor(
@@ -70,6 +96,8 @@ export class UserKeyRotationService {
    private configService: ConfigService,
    private cryptoFunctionService: CryptoFunctionService,
    private kdfConfigService: KdfConfigService,
+    private sdkClientFactory: SdkClientFactory,
+    private securityStateService: SecurityStateService,
  ) {}

  /**
@@ -85,12 +113,15 @@ export class UserKeyRotationService {
    user: Account,
    newMasterPasswordHint?: string,
  ): Promise<void> {
-    this.logService.info("[UserKey Rotation] Starting user key rotation...");
+    // Key-rotation uses the SDK, so we need to ensure that the SDK is loaded / the WASM initialized.
+    await SdkLoadService.Ready;

    const upgradeToV2FeatureFlagEnabled = await this.configService.getFeatureFlag(
      FeatureFlag.EnrollAeadOnKeyRotation,
    );

+    this.logService.info("[UserKey Rotation] Starting user key rotation...");
+
    // Make sure all conditions match - e.g. account state is up to date
    await this.ensureIsAllowedToRotateUserKey();

@@ -104,53 +135,26 @@ export class UserKeyRotationService {
    }

    // Read current cryptographic state / settings
-    const masterKeyKdfConfig: KdfConfig = (await firstValueFromOrThrow(
-      this.kdfConfigService.getKdfConfig$(user.id),
-      "KDF config",
-    ))!;
-    // The masterkey salt used for deriving the masterkey always needs to be trimmed and lowercased.
-    const masterKeySalt = user.email.trim().toLowerCase();
-    const currentUserKey: UserKey = (await firstValueFromOrThrow(
-      this.keyService.userKey$(user.id),
-      "User key",
-    ))!;
-    const currentUserKeyWrappedPrivateKey = new EncString(
-      (await firstValueFromOrThrow(
-        this.keyService.userEncryptedPrivateKey$(user.id),
-        "User encrypted private key",
-      ))!,
-    );
+    const {
+      masterKeyKdfConfig,
+      masterKeySalt,
+      cryptographicStateParameters: currentCryptographicStateParameters,
+    } = await this.getCryptographicStateForUser(user);

-    // Update account keys
-    // This creates at least a new user key, and possibly upgrades user encryption formats
-    let newUserKey: UserKey;
-    let wrappedPrivateKey: EncString;
-    let publicKey: string;
-    if (upgradeToV2FeatureFlagEnabled) {
-      this.logService.info("[Userkey rotation] Using v2 account keys");
-      const { userKey, asymmetricEncryptionKeys } = await this.getNewAccountKeysV2(
-        currentUserKey,
-        currentUserKeyWrappedPrivateKey,
-      );
-      newUserKey = userKey;
-      wrappedPrivateKey = asymmetricEncryptionKeys.wrappedPrivateKey;
-      publicKey = asymmetricEncryptionKeys.publicKey;
-    } else {
-      this.logService.info("[Userkey rotation] Using v1 account keys");
-      const { userKey, asymmetricEncryptionKeys } = await this.getNewAccountKeysV1(
-        currentUserKey,
-        currentUserKeyWrappedPrivateKey,
-      );
-      newUserKey = userKey;
-      wrappedPrivateKey = asymmetricEncryptionKeys.wrappedPrivateKey;
-      publicKey = asymmetricEncryptionKeys.publicKey;
-    }
+    // Get new set of keys for the account.
+    const { userKey: newUserKey, accountKeysRequest } = await this.getRotatedAccountKeysFlagged(
+      user.id,
+      masterKeyKdfConfig,
+      user.email,
+      currentCryptographicStateParameters,
+      upgradeToV2FeatureFlagEnabled,
+    );

    // Assemble the key rotation request
    const request = new RotateUserAccountKeysRequest(
      await this.getAccountUnlockDataRequest(
        user.id,
-        currentUserKey,
+        currentCryptographicStateParameters.userKey,
        newUserKey,
        {
          masterPassword: newMasterPassword,
@@ -161,8 +165,12 @@ export class UserKeyRotationService {
        trustedEmergencyAccessUserPublicKeys,
        trustedOrganizationPublicKeys,
      ),
-      new AccountKeysRequest(wrappedPrivateKey.encryptedString!, publicKey),
-      await this.getAccountDataRequest(currentUserKey, newUserKey, user),
+      accountKeysRequest,
+      await this.getAccountDataRequest(
+        currentCryptographicStateParameters.userKey,
+        newUserKey,
+        user,
+      ),
      await this.makeServerMasterKeyAuthenticationHash(
        currentMasterPassword,
        masterKeyKdfConfig,
@@ -194,55 +202,153 @@ export class UserKeyRotationService {
    }
  }

+  async getRotatedAccountKeysFlagged(
+    userId: UserId,
+    kdfConfig: KdfConfig,
+    masterKeySalt: string,
+    cryptographicStateParameters: V1CryptographicStateParameters | V2CryptographicStateParameters,
+    v2UpgradeEnabled: boolean,
+  ): Promise<{ userKey: UserKey; accountKeysRequest: AccountKeysRequest }> {
+    if (v2UpgradeEnabled || cryptographicStateParameters.version === 2) {
+      const keys = await this.getNewAccountKeysV2(
+        userId,
+        kdfConfig,
+        masterKeySalt,
+        cryptographicStateParameters,
+      );
+      return {
+        userKey: keys.userKey,
+        accountKeysRequest: await AccountKeysRequest.fromV2CryptographicState(keys),
+      };
+    } else {
+      const keys = await this.getNewAccountKeysV1(
+        cryptographicStateParameters as V1CryptographicStateParameters,
+      );
+      return {
+        userKey: keys.userKey,
+        accountKeysRequest: AccountKeysRequest.fromV1CryptographicState(keys),
+      };
+    }
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * This method rotates the user key of a V1 user and re-encrypts the private key.
+   * @deprecated Removed after roll-out of V2 encryption.
+   */
  protected async getNewAccountKeysV1(
-    currentUserKey: UserKey,
-    currentUserKeyWrappedPrivateKey: EncString,
-  ): Promise<{
-    userKey: UserKey;
-    asymmetricEncryptionKeys: {
-      wrappedPrivateKey: EncString;
-      publicKey: string;
-    };
-  }> {
-    // Account key rotation creates a new userkey. All downstream data and keys need to be re-encrypted under this key.
+    cryptographicStateParameters: V1CryptographicStateParameters,
+  ): Promise<V1UserCryptographicState> {
+    // Account key rotation creates a new user key. All downstream data and keys need to be re-encrypted under this key.
    // Further, this method is used to create new keys in the event that the key hierarchy changes, such as for the
    // creation of a new signing key pair.
-    const newUserKey = await this.makeNewUserKeyV1(currentUserKey);
+    const newUserKey = new SymmetricCryptoKey(
+      PureCrypto.make_user_key_aes256_cbc_hmac(),
+    ) as UserKey;

    // Re-encrypt the private key with the new user key
    // Rotation of the private key is not supported yet
    const privateKey = await this.encryptService.unwrapDecapsulationKey(
-      currentUserKeyWrappedPrivateKey,
-      currentUserKey,
+      new EncString(cryptographicStateParameters.publicKeyEncryptionKeyPair.wrappedPrivateKey),
+      cryptographicStateParameters.userKey,
    );
-    const newUserKeyWrappedPrivateKey = await this.encryptService.wrapDecapsulationKey(
+    const newUserKeyWrappedPrivateKey = (
+      await this.encryptService.wrapDecapsulationKey(privateKey, newUserKey)
+    ).encryptedString! as string as WrappedPrivateKey;
+    const publicKey = (await this.cryptoFunctionService.rsaExtractPublicKey(
      privateKey,
-      newUserKey,
-    );
-    const publicKey = await this.cryptoFunctionService.rsaExtractPublicKey(privateKey);
+    )) as UnsignedPublicKey;

    return {
      userKey: newUserKey,
-      asymmetricEncryptionKeys: {
+      publicKeyEncryptionKeyPair: {
        wrappedPrivateKey: newUserKeyWrappedPrivateKey,
-        publicKey: Utils.fromBufferToB64(publicKey),
+        publicKey: publicKey,
      },
    };
  }

+  /**
+   * This method either enrolls a user from v1 encryption to v2 encryption, rotating the user key, or rotates the keys of a v2 user, staying on v2.
+   */
  protected async getNewAccountKeysV2(
-    currentUserKey: UserKey,
-    currentUserKeyWrappedPrivateKey: EncString,
-  ): Promise<{
-    userKey: UserKey;
-    asymmetricEncryptionKeys: {
-      wrappedPrivateKey: EncString;
-      publicKey: string;
-    };
-  }> {
-    throw new Error("User encryption v2 upgrade is not supported yet");
+    userId: UserId,
+    masterKeyKdfConfig: KdfConfig,
+    masterKeySalt: string,
+    cryptographicStateParameters: V1CryptographicStateParameters | V2CryptographicStateParameters,
+  ): Promise<V2UserCryptographicState> {
+    if (cryptographicStateParameters.version === 1) {
+      return this.upgradeV1UserToV2UserAccountKeys(
+        userId,
+        masterKeyKdfConfig,
+        masterKeySalt,
+        cryptographicStateParameters as V1CryptographicStateParameters,
+      );
+    } else {
+      return this.rotateV2UserAccountKeys(
+        userId,
+        masterKeyKdfConfig,
+        masterKeySalt,
+        cryptographicStateParameters as V2CryptographicStateParameters,
+      );
+    }
  }

+  /**
+   * Upgrades a V1 user to a V2 user by creating a new user key, re-encrypting the private key, generating a signature key-pair, and
+   * finally creating a signed security state.
+   */
+  protected async upgradeV1UserToV2UserAccountKeys(
+    userId: UserId,
+    kdfConfig: KdfConfig,
+    email: string,
+    cryptographicStateParameters: V1CryptographicStateParameters,
+  ): Promise<V2UserCryptographicState> {
+    // Initialize an SDK with the current cryptographic state
+    const sdk = await this.sdkClientFactory.createSdkClient(new NoopTokenProvider());
+    await sdk.crypto().initialize_user_crypto({
+      userId: asUuid(userId),
+      kdfParams: kdfConfig.toSdkConfig(),
+      email: email,
+      privateKey: cryptographicStateParameters.publicKeyEncryptionKeyPair.wrappedPrivateKey,
+      signingKey: undefined,
+      securityState: undefined,
+      method: {
+        decryptedKey: { decrypted_user_key: cryptographicStateParameters.userKey.toBase64() },
+      },
+    });
+
+    return fromSdkV2KeysToV2UserCryptographicState(sdk.crypto().make_keys_for_user_crypto_v2());
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Generates a new user key for a v2 user, and re-encrypts the private key, signing key.
+   */
+  protected async rotateV2UserAccountKeys(
+    userId: UserId,
+    kdfConfig: KdfConfig,
+    email: string,
+    cryptographicStateParameters: V2CryptographicStateParameters,
+  ): Promise<V2UserCryptographicState> {
+    // Initialize an SDK with the current cryptographic state
+    const sdk = await this.sdkClientFactory.createSdkClient(new NoopTokenProvider());
+    await sdk.crypto().initialize_user_crypto({
+      userId: asUuid(userId),
+      kdfParams: kdfConfig.toSdkConfig(),
+      email: email,
+      privateKey: cryptographicStateParameters.publicKeyEncryptionKeyPair.wrappedPrivateKey,
+      signingKey: cryptographicStateParameters.signingKey,
+      securityState: cryptographicStateParameters.securityState,
+      method: {
+        decryptedKey: { decrypted_user_key: cryptographicStateParameters.userKey.toBase64() },
+      },
+    });
+
+    return fromSdkV2KeysToV2UserCryptographicState(sdk.crypto().get_v2_rotated_account_keys());
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Generates a new request for updating the master-password unlock/authentication data.
+   */
  protected async createMasterPasswordUnlockDataRequest(
    userKey: UserKey,
    newUnlockData: MasterPasswordAuthenticationAndUnlockData,
@@ -272,13 +378,17 @@ export class UserKeyRotationService {
    );
  }

+  /**
+   * Re-generates the accounts unlock methods, including master-password, passkey, trusted device, emergency access, and organization account recovery
+   * for the new user key.
+   */
  protected async getAccountUnlockDataRequest(
    userId: UserId,
    currentUserKey: UserKey,
    newUserKey: UserKey,
    masterPasswordAuthenticationAndUnlockData: MasterPasswordAuthenticationAndUnlockData,
-    trustedEmergencyAccessGranteesPublicKeys: Uint8Array[],
-    trustedOrganizationPublicKeys: Uint8Array[],
+    trustedEmergencyAccessGranteesPublicKeys: UnsignedPublicKey[],
+    trustedOrganizationPublicKeys: UnsignedPublicKey[],
  ): Promise<UnlockDataRequest> {
    // To ensure access; all unlock methods need to be updated and provided the new user key.
    // User unlock methods
@@ -321,10 +431,13 @@ export class UserKeyRotationService {
    );
  }

+  /**
+   * Verifies the trust of the organizations and emergency access users by prompting the user. Denying any of these will return early.
+   */
  protected async verifyTrust(user: Account): Promise<{
    wasTrustDenied: boolean;
-    trustedOrganizationPublicKeys: Uint8Array[];
-    trustedEmergencyAccessUserPublicKeys: Uint8Array[];
+    trustedOrganizationPublicKeys: UnsignedPublicKey[];
+    trustedEmergencyAccessUserPublicKeys: UnsignedPublicKey[];
  }> {
    // Since currently the joined organizations and emergency access grantees are
    // not signed, manual trust prompts are required, to verify that the server
@@ -392,11 +505,16 @@ export class UserKeyRotationService {
    );
    return {
      wasTrustDenied: false,
-      trustedOrganizationPublicKeys: organizations.map((d) => d.publicKey),
-      trustedEmergencyAccessUserPublicKeys: emergencyAccessGrantees.map((d) => d.publicKey),
+      trustedOrganizationPublicKeys: organizations.map((d) => d.publicKey as UnsignedPublicKey),
+      trustedEmergencyAccessUserPublicKeys: emergencyAccessGrantees.map(
+        (d) => d.publicKey as UnsignedPublicKey,
+      ),
    };
  }

+  /**
+   * Re-encrypts the account data owned by the user, such as ciphers, folders, and sends with the new user key.
+   */
  protected async getAccountDataRequest(
    originalUserKey: UserKey,
    newUnencryptedUserKey: UserKey,
@@ -429,64 +547,6 @@ export class UserKeyRotationService {
    return new UserDataRequest(rotatedCiphers, rotatedFolders, rotatedSends);
  }

-  protected async makeNewUserKeyV1(oldUserKey: UserKey): Promise<UserKey> {
-    // The user's account format is determined by the user key.
-    // Being tied to the userkey ensures an all-or-nothing approach. A compromised
-    // server cannot downgrade to a previous format (no signing keys) without
-    // completely making the account unusable.
-    //
-    // V0: AES256-CBC (no userkey, directly using masterkey) (pre-2019 accounts)
-    //     This format is unsupported, and not secure; It is being forced migrated, and being removed
-    // V1: AES256-CBC-HMAC userkey, no signing key (2019-2025)
-    //     This format is still supported, but may be migrated in the future
-    // V2: XChaCha20-Poly1305 userkey, signing key, account security version
-    //     This is the new, modern format.
-    if (this.isV1User(oldUserKey)) {
-      this.logService.info(
-        "[Userkey rotation] Existing userkey key is AES256-CBC-HMAC; not upgrading",
-      );
-      return new SymmetricCryptoKey(PureCrypto.make_user_key_aes256_cbc_hmac()) as UserKey;
-    } else {
-      // If the feature flag is rolled back, we want to block rotation in order to be as safe as possible with the user's account.
-      this.logService.info(
-        "[Userkey rotation] Existing userkey key is XChaCha20-Poly1305, but feature flag is not enabled; aborting..",
-      );
-      throw new Error(
-        "User account crypto format is v2, but the feature flag is disabled. User key rotation cannot proceed.",
-      );
-    }
-  }
-
-  protected async makeNewUserKeyV2(
-    oldUserKey: UserKey,
-  ): Promise<{ isUpgrading: boolean; newUserKey: UserKey }> {
-    // The user's account format is determined by the user key.
-    // Being tied to the userkey ensures an all-or-nothing approach. A compromised
-    // server cannot downgrade to a previous format (no signing keys) without
-    // completely making the account unusable.
-    //
-    // V0: AES256-CBC (no userkey, directly using masterkey) (pre-2019 accounts)
-    //     This format is unsupported, and not secure; It is being forced migrated, and being removed
-    // V1: AES256-CBC-HMAC userkey, no signing key (2019-2025)
-    //     This format is still supported, but may be migrated in the future
-    // V2: XChaCha20-Poly1305 userkey, signing key, account security version
-    //     This is the new, modern format.
-    const newUserKey: UserKey = new SymmetricCryptoKey(
-      PureCrypto.make_user_key_xchacha20_poly1305(),
-    ) as UserKey;
-    const isUpgrading = this.isV1User(oldUserKey);
-    if (isUpgrading) {
-      this.logService.info(
-        "[Userkey rotation] Existing userkey key is AES256-CBC-HMAC; upgrading to XChaCha20-Poly1305",
-      );
-    } else {
-      this.logService.info(
-        "[Userkey rotation] Existing userkey key is XChaCha20-Poly1305; no upgrade needed",
-      );
-    }
-    return { isUpgrading, newUserKey };
-  }
-
  /**
   * A V1 user has no signing key, and uses AES256-CBC-HMAC.
   * A V2 user has a signing key, and uses XChaCha20-Poly1305.
@@ -516,4 +576,111 @@ export class UserKeyRotationService {
      HashPurpose.ServerAuthorization,
    );
  }
+
+  /**
+   * Gets the cryptographic state for a user. This can be a V1 user or a V2 user.
+   */
+  protected async getCryptographicStateForUser(user: Account): Promise<{
+    masterKeyKdfConfig: KdfConfig;
+    masterKeySalt: string;
+    cryptographicStateParameters: V1CryptographicStateParameters | V2CryptographicStateParameters;
+  }> {
+    // Master password unlock
+    const masterKeyKdfConfig: KdfConfig = (await this.firstValueFromOrThrow(
+      this.kdfConfigService.getKdfConfig$(user.id),
+      "KDF config",
+    ))!;
+    // The master key salt used for deriving the masterkey always needs to be trimmed and lowercased.
+    const masterKeySalt = user.email.trim().toLowerCase();
+
+    // V1 and V2 users both have a user key and a private key
+    const currentUserKey: UserKey = (await this.firstValueFromOrThrow(
+      this.keyService.userKey$(user.id),
+      "User key",
+    ))!;
+    const currentUserKeyWrappedPrivateKey: WrappedPrivateKey = new EncString(
+      (await this.firstValueFromOrThrow(
+        this.keyService.userEncryptedPrivateKey$(user.id),
+        "Private key",
+      ))!,
+    ).encryptedString! as string as WrappedPrivateKey;
+    const publicKey = (await this.cryptoFunctionService.rsaExtractPublicKey(
+      await this.encryptService.unwrapDecapsulationKey(
+        new EncString(currentUserKeyWrappedPrivateKey),
+        currentUserKey,
+      ),
+    )) as UnsignedPublicKey;
+
+    if (this.isV1User(currentUserKey)) {
+      return {
+        masterKeyKdfConfig,
+        masterKeySalt,
+        cryptographicStateParameters: {
+          version: 1,
+          userKey: currentUserKey,
+          publicKeyEncryptionKeyPair: {
+            wrappedPrivateKey: currentUserKeyWrappedPrivateKey,
+            publicKey: publicKey,
+          },
+        },
+      };
+    } else if (currentUserKey.inner().type === EncryptionType.CoseEncrypt0) {
+      const signingKey = await this.firstValueFromOrThrow(
+        this.keyService.userSigningKey$(user.id),
+        "User signing key",
+      );
+      const securityState = await this.firstValueFromOrThrow(
+        this.securityStateService.accountSecurityState$(user.id),
+        "User security state",
+      );
+
+      return {
+        masterKeyKdfConfig,
+        masterKeySalt,
+        cryptographicStateParameters: {
+          version: 2,
+          userKey: currentUserKey,
+          publicKeyEncryptionKeyPair: {
+            wrappedPrivateKey: currentUserKeyWrappedPrivateKey,
+            publicKey: publicKey,
+          },
+          signingKey: signingKey!,
+          securityState: securityState!,
+        },
+      };
+    }
+
+    /// AES-CBC (no-hmac) keys are not supported as user keys
+    throw new Error(
+      `Unsupported user key type: ${currentUserKey.inner().type}. Expected AesCbc256_HmacSha256_B64 or XChaCha20_Poly1305_B64.`,
+    );
+  }
+
+  async firstValueFromOrThrow<T>(value: Observable<T>, name: string): Promise<T> {
+    const result = await firstValueFrom(value);
+    if (result == null) {
+      throw new Error(`Failed to get ${name}`);
+    }
+    return result as T;
+  }
 }
+
+export type V1CryptographicStateParameters = {
+  version: 1;
+  userKey: UserKey;
+  publicKeyEncryptionKeyPair: {
+    wrappedPrivateKey: WrappedPrivateKey;
+    publicKey: UnsignedPublicKey;
+  };
+};
+
+export type V2CryptographicStateParameters = {
+  version: 2;
+  userKey: UserKey;
+  publicKeyEncryptionKeyPair: {
+    wrappedPrivateKey: WrappedPrivateKey;
+    publicKey: UnsignedPublicKey;
+  };
+  signingKey: WrappedSigningKey;
+  securityState: SignedSecurityState;
+};
--- a/libs/angular/src/services/jslib-services.module.ts
+++ b/libs/angular/src/services/jslib-services.module.ts
@@ -170,6 +170,8 @@ import { DefaultChangeKdfService } from "@bitwarden/common/key-management/kdf/ch
 import { ChangeKdfService } from "@bitwarden/common/key-management/kdf/change-kdf-service.abstraction";
 import { KeyConnectorService as KeyConnectorServiceAbstraction } from "@bitwarden/common/key-management/key-connector/abstractions/key-connector.service";
 import { KeyConnectorService } from "@bitwarden/common/key-management/key-connector/services/key-connector.service";
+import { KeyApiService } from "@bitwarden/common/key-management/keys/services/abstractions/key-api-service.abstraction";
+import { DefaultKeyApiService } from "@bitwarden/common/key-management/keys/services/default-key-api-service.service";
 import {
  InternalMasterPasswordServiceAbstraction,
  MasterPasswordServiceAbstraction,
@@ -177,6 +179,8 @@ import {
 import { MasterPasswordService } from "@bitwarden/common/key-management/master-password/services/master-password.service";
 import { PinServiceAbstraction } from "@bitwarden/common/key-management/pin/pin.service.abstraction";
 import { PinService } from "@bitwarden/common/key-management/pin/pin.service.implementation";
+import { SecurityStateService } from "@bitwarden/common/key-management/security-state/abstractions/security-state.service";
+import { DefaultSecurityStateService } from "@bitwarden/common/key-management/security-state/services/security-state.service";
 import {
  SendPasswordService,
  DefaultSendPasswordService,
@@ -702,6 +706,11 @@ const safeProviders: SafeProvider[] = [
      KdfConfigService,
    ],
  }),
+  safeProvider({
+    provide: SecurityStateService,
+    useClass: DefaultSecurityStateService,
+    deps: [StateProvider],
+  }),
  safeProvider({
    provide: RestrictedItemTypesService,
    useClass: RestrictedItemTypesService,
@@ -797,6 +806,11 @@ const safeProviders: SafeProvider[] = [
    useClass: SendApiService,
    deps: [ApiServiceAbstraction, FileUploadServiceAbstraction, InternalSendService],
  }),
+  safeProvider({
+    provide: KeyApiService,
+    useClass: DefaultKeyApiService,
+    deps: [ApiServiceAbstraction],
+  }),
  safeProvider({
    provide: SyncService,
    useClass: DefaultSyncService,
@@ -825,6 +839,7 @@ const safeProviders: SafeProvider[] = [
      TokenServiceAbstraction,
      AuthServiceAbstraction,
      StateProvider,
+      SecurityStateService,
    ],
  }),
  safeProvider({
@@ -1523,6 +1538,7 @@ const safeProviders: SafeProvider[] = [
      AccountServiceAbstraction,
      KdfConfigService,
      KeyService,
+      SecurityStateService,
      ApiServiceAbstraction,
      StateProvider,
      ConfigService,
--- a/libs/common/src/key-management/crypto/services/web-crypto-function.service.ts
+++ b/libs/common/src/key-management/crypto/services/web-crypto-function.service.ts
@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ import {
 } from "../../../platform/models/domain/decrypt-parameters";
 import { SymmetricCryptoKey } from "../../../platform/models/domain/symmetric-crypto-key";
 import { CsprngArray } from "../../../types/csprng";
+import { UnsignedPublicKey } from "../../types";
 import { CryptoFunctionService } from "../abstractions/crypto-function.service";

 export class WebCryptoFunctionService implements CryptoFunctionService {
@@ -309,7 +310,7 @@ export class WebCryptoFunctionService implements CryptoFunctionService {
      "encrypt",
    ]);
    const buffer = await this.subtle.exportKey("spki", impPublicKey);
-    return new Uint8Array(buffer);
+    return new Uint8Array(buffer) as UnsignedPublicKey;
  }

  async aesGenerateKey(bitLength = 128 | 192 | 256 | 512): Promise<CsprngArray> {
--- a/libs/common/src/key-management/enums/signing-key-type.enum.ts
+++ b/libs/common/src/key-management/enums/signing-key-type.enum.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+export const SigningKeyTypes = {
+  Ed25519: "ed25519",
+} as const;
+
+export type SigningKeyType = (typeof SigningKeyTypes)[keyof typeof SigningKeyTypes];
+export function parseSigningKeyTypeFromString(value: string): SigningKeyType {
+  switch (value) {
+    case SigningKeyTypes.Ed25519:
+      return SigningKeyTypes.Ed25519;
+    default:
+      throw new Error(`Unknown signing key type: ${value}`);
+  }
+}
--- a/libs/common/src/key-management/keys/response/private-keys.response.ts
+++ b/libs/common/src/key-management/keys/response/private-keys.response.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+import { SecurityStateResponse } from "../../security-state/response/security-state.response";
+
+import { PublicKeyEncryptionKeyPairResponse } from "./public-key-encryption-key-pair.response";
+import { SignatureKeyPairResponse } from "./signature-key-pair.response";
+
+/**
+ * The privately accessible view of an entity (account / org)'s keys.
+ * This includes the full key-pairs for public-key encryption and signing, as well as the security state if available.
+ */
+export class PrivateKeysResponseModel {
+  readonly publicKeyEncryptionKeyPair: PublicKeyEncryptionKeyPairResponse;
+  readonly signatureKeyPair: SignatureKeyPairResponse | null = null;
+  readonly securityState: SecurityStateResponse | null = null;
+
+  constructor(response: unknown) {
+    if (typeof response !== "object" || response == null) {
+      throw new TypeError("Response must be an object");
+    }
+
+    if (
+      !("publicKeyEncryptionKeyPair" in response) ||
+      typeof response.publicKeyEncryptionKeyPair !== "object"
+    ) {
+      throw new TypeError("Response must contain a valid publicKeyEncryptionKeyPair");
+    }
+    this.publicKeyEncryptionKeyPair = new PublicKeyEncryptionKeyPairResponse(
+      response.publicKeyEncryptionKeyPair,
+    );
+
+    if (
+      "signatureKeyPair" in response &&
+      typeof response.signatureKeyPair === "object" &&
+      response.signatureKeyPair != null
+    ) {
+      this.signatureKeyPair = new SignatureKeyPairResponse(response.signatureKeyPair);
+    }
+
+    if (
+      "securityState" in response &&
+      typeof response.securityState === "object" &&
+      response.securityState != null
+    ) {
+      this.securityState = new SecurityStateResponse(response.securityState);
+    }
+
+    if (
+      (this.signatureKeyPair !== null && this.securityState === null) ||
+      (this.signatureKeyPair === null && this.securityState !== null)
+    ) {
+      throw new TypeError(
+        "Both signatureKeyPair and securityState must be present or absent together",
+      );
+    }
+  }
+}
--- a/libs/common/src/key-management/keys/response/public-key-encryption-key-pair.response.ts
+++ b/libs/common/src/key-management/keys/response/public-key-encryption-key-pair.response.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+import { Utils } from "@bitwarden/common/platform/misc/utils";
+
+import { SignedPublicKey, UnsignedPublicKey, WrappedPrivateKey } from "../../types";
+
+export class PublicKeyEncryptionKeyPairResponse {
+  readonly wrappedPrivateKey: WrappedPrivateKey;
+  readonly publicKey: UnsignedPublicKey;
+
+  readonly signedPublicKey: SignedPublicKey | null = null;
+
+  constructor(response: unknown) {
+    if (typeof response !== "object" || response == null) {
+      throw new TypeError("Response must be an object");
+    }
+
+    if (!("publicKey" in response) || typeof response.publicKey !== "string") {
+      throw new TypeError("Response must contain a valid publicKey");
+    }
+    this.publicKey = Utils.fromB64ToArray(response.publicKey) as UnsignedPublicKey;
+
+    if (!("wrappedPrivateKey" in response) || typeof response.wrappedPrivateKey !== "string") {
+      throw new TypeError("Response must contain a valid wrappedPrivateKey");
+    }
+    this.wrappedPrivateKey = response.wrappedPrivateKey as WrappedPrivateKey;
+
+    if ("signedPublicKey" in response && typeof response.signedPublicKey === "string") {
+      this.signedPublicKey = response.signedPublicKey as SignedPublicKey;
+    } else {
+      this.signedPublicKey = null;
+    }
+  }
+}
--- a/libs/common/src/key-management/keys/response/public-keys.response.ts
+++ b/libs/common/src/key-management/keys/response/public-keys.response.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+import { SignedPublicKey } from "@bitwarden/sdk-internal";
+
+import { UnsignedPublicKey, VerifyingKey } from "../../types";
+
+/**
+ * The publicly accessible view of an entity (account / org)'s keys. That includes the encryption public key, and the verifying key if available.
+ */
+export class PublicKeysResponseModel {
+  readonly publicKey: UnsignedPublicKey;
+  readonly verifyingKey: VerifyingKey | null;
+  readonly signedPublicKey?: SignedPublicKey | null;
+
+  constructor(response: unknown) {
+    if (typeof response !== "object" || response == null) {
+      throw new TypeError("Response must be an object");
+    }
+
+    if (!("publicKey" in response) || !(response.publicKey instanceof Uint8Array)) {
+      throw new TypeError("Response must contain a valid publicKey");
+    }
+    this.publicKey = response.publicKey as UnsignedPublicKey;
+
+    if ("verifyingKey" in response && typeof response.verifyingKey === "string") {
+      this.verifyingKey = response.verifyingKey as VerifyingKey;
+    } else {
+      this.verifyingKey = null;
+    }
+
+    if ("signedPublicKey" in response && typeof response.signedPublicKey === "string") {
+      this.signedPublicKey = response.signedPublicKey as SignedPublicKey;
+    } else {
+      this.signedPublicKey = null;
+    }
+
+    if (
+      (this.signedPublicKey !== null && this.verifyingKey === null) ||
+      (this.signedPublicKey === null && this.verifyingKey !== null)
+    ) {
+      throw new TypeError(
+        "Both signedPublicKey and verifyingKey must be present or absent together",
+      );
+    }
+  }
+}
--- a/libs/common/src/key-management/keys/response/signature-key-pair.response.ts
+++ b/libs/common/src/key-management/keys/response/signature-key-pair.response.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+import { VerifyingKey, WrappedSigningKey } from "../../types";
+
+export class SignatureKeyPairResponse {
+  readonly wrappedSigningKey: WrappedSigningKey;
+  readonly verifyingKey: VerifyingKey;
+
+  constructor(response: unknown) {
+    if (typeof response !== "object" || response == null) {
+      throw new TypeError("Response must be an object");
+    }
+
+    if (!("wrappedSigningKey" in response) || typeof response.wrappedSigningKey !== "string") {
+      throw new TypeError("Response must contain a valid wrappedSigningKey");
+    }
+    this.wrappedSigningKey = response.wrappedSigningKey as WrappedSigningKey;
+
+    if (!("verifyingKey" in response) || typeof response.verifyingKey !== "string") {
+      throw new TypeError("Response must contain a valid verifyingKey");
+    }
+    this.verifyingKey = response.verifyingKey as VerifyingKey;
+  }
+}
--- a/libs/common/src/key-management/keys/services/abstractions/key-api-service.abstraction.ts
+++ b/libs/common/src/key-management/keys/services/abstractions/key-api-service.abstraction.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+import { PublicKeysResponseModel } from "../../response/public-keys.response";
+
+export abstract class KeyApiService {
+  abstract getUserPublicKeys(id: string): Promise<PublicKeysResponseModel>;
+}
--- a/libs/common/src/key-management/keys/services/default-key-api-service.service.ts
+++ b/libs/common/src/key-management/keys/services/default-key-api-service.service.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+import { UserId } from "@bitwarden/common/types/guid";
+
+import { ApiService } from "../../../abstractions/api.service";
+import { PublicKeysResponseModel } from "../response/public-keys.response";
+
+import { KeyApiService } from "./abstractions/key-api-service.abstraction";
+
+export class DefaultKeyApiService implements KeyApiService {
+  constructor(private apiService: ApiService) {}
+
+  async getUserPublicKeys(id: UserId): Promise<PublicKeysResponseModel> {
+    const response = await this.apiService.send("GET", "/users/" + id + "/keys", null, true, true);
+    return new PublicKeysResponseModel(response);
+  }
+}
--- a/libs/common/src/key-management/security-state/abstractions/security-state.service.ts
+++ b/libs/common/src/key-management/security-state/abstractions/security-state.service.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+import { Observable } from "rxjs";
+
+import { UserId } from "@bitwarden/common/types/guid";
+
+import { SignedSecurityState } from "../../types";
+
+export abstract class SecurityStateService {
+  /**
+   * Retrieves the security state for the provided user.
+   * Note: This state is not yet validated. To get a validated state, the SDK crypto client
+   * must be used. This security state is validated on initialization of the SDK.
+   */
+  abstract accountSecurityState$(userId: UserId): Observable<SignedSecurityState | null>;
+  /**
+   * Sets the security state for the provided user.
+   */
+  abstract setAccountSecurityState(
+    accountSecurityState: SignedSecurityState,
+    userId: UserId,
+  ): Promise<void>;
+}
--- a/libs/common/src/key-management/security-state/request/security-state.request.ts
+++ b/libs/common/src/key-management/security-state/request/security-state.request.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+import { SignedSecurityState } from "../../types";
+
+export class SecurityStateRequest {
+  constructor(
+    readonly securityState: SignedSecurityState,
+    readonly securityVersion: number,
+  ) {}
+}
--- a/libs/common/src/key-management/security-state/response/security-state.response.ts
+++ b/libs/common/src/key-management/security-state/response/security-state.response.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+import { SignedSecurityState } from "../../types";
+
+export class SecurityStateResponse {
+  readonly securityState: SignedSecurityState | null = null;
+
+  constructor(response: unknown) {
+    if (typeof response !== "object" || response == null) {
+      throw new TypeError("Response must be an object");
+    }
+
+    if (!("securityState" in response) || !(typeof response.securityState === "string")) {
+      throw new TypeError("Response must contain a valid securityState");
+    }
+    this.securityState = response.securityState as SignedSecurityState;
+  }
+}
--- a/libs/common/src/key-management/security-state/services/security-state.service.ts
+++ b/libs/common/src/key-management/security-state/services/security-state.service.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+import { Observable } from "rxjs";
+
+import { StateProvider } from "@bitwarden/common/platform/state";
+import { UserId } from "@bitwarden/common/types/guid";
+
+import { SignedSecurityState } from "../../types";
+import { SecurityStateService } from "../abstractions/security-state.service";
+import { ACCOUNT_SECURITY_STATE } from "../state/security-state.state";
+
+export class DefaultSecurityStateService implements SecurityStateService {
+  constructor(protected stateProvider: StateProvider) {}
+
+  // Emits the provided user's security state, or null if there is no security state present for the user.
+  accountSecurityState$(userId: UserId): Observable<SignedSecurityState | null> {
+    return this.stateProvider.getUserState$(ACCOUNT_SECURITY_STATE, userId);
+  }
+
+  // Sets the security state for the provided user.
+  // This is not yet validated, and is only validated upon SDK initialization.
+  async setAccountSecurityState(
+    accountSecurityState: SignedSecurityState,
+    userId: UserId,
+  ): Promise<void> {
+    await this.stateProvider.setUserState(ACCOUNT_SECURITY_STATE, accountSecurityState, userId);
+  }
+}
--- a/libs/common/src/key-management/security-state/state/security-state.state.ts
+++ b/libs/common/src/key-management/security-state/state/security-state.state.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+import { CRYPTO_DISK, UserKeyDefinition } from "@bitwarden/common/platform/state";
+
+import { SignedSecurityState } from "../../types";
+
+export const ACCOUNT_SECURITY_STATE = new UserKeyDefinition<SignedSecurityState>(
+  CRYPTO_DISK,
+  "accountSecurityState",
+  {
+    deserializer: (obj) => obj,
+    clearOn: ["logout"],
+  },
+);
--- a/libs/common/src/key-management/types.ts
+++ b/libs/common/src/key-management/types.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+import { Opaque } from "type-fest";
+
+import { EncString, SignedSecurityState as SdkSignedSecurityState } from "@bitwarden/sdk-internal";
+
+/**
+ * A private key, encrypted with a symmetric key.
+ */
+export type WrappedPrivateKey = Opaque<EncString, "WrappedPrivateKey">;
+
+/**
+ * A public key, signed with the accounts signature key.
+ */
+export type SignedPublicKey = Opaque<string, "SignedPublicKey">;
+/**
+ * A public key in base64 encoded SPKI-DER
+ */
+export type UnsignedPublicKey = Opaque<Uint8Array, "UnsignedPublicKey">;
+
+/**
+ * A signature key encrypted with a symmetric key.
+ */
+export type WrappedSigningKey = Opaque<EncString, "WrappedSigningKey">;
+/**
+ * A signature public key (verifying key) in base64 encoded CoseKey format
+ */
+export type VerifyingKey = Opaque<string, "VerifyingKey">;
+/**
+ * A signed security state, encoded in base64.
+ */
+export type SignedSecurityState = Opaque<SdkSignedSecurityState, "SignedSecurityState">;
--- a/libs/common/src/models/response/profile.response.ts
+++ b/libs/common/src/models/response/profile.response.ts
@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+import { PrivateKeysResponseModel } from "@bitwarden/common/key-management/keys/response/private-keys.response";
+
 import { ProfileOrganizationResponse } from "../../admin-console/models/response/profile-organization.response";
 import { ProfileProviderOrganizationResponse } from "../../admin-console/models/response/profile-provider-organization.response";
 import { ProfileProviderResponse } from "../../admin-console/models/response/profile-provider.response";
@@ -18,7 +20,10 @@ export class ProfileResponse extends BaseResponse {
  key?: EncString;
  avatarColor: string;
  creationDate: string;
+  // Cleanup: Can be removed after moving to accountKeys
  privateKey: string;
+  // Cleanup: This should be non-optional after the server has been released for a while https://bitwarden.atlassian.net/browse/PM-21768
+  accountKeys: PrivateKeysResponseModel | null = null;
  securityStamp: string;
  forcePasswordReset: boolean;
  usesKeyConnector: boolean;
@@ -37,10 +42,16 @@ export class ProfileResponse extends BaseResponse {
    this.premiumFromOrganization = this.getResponseProperty("PremiumFromOrganization");
    this.culture = this.getResponseProperty("Culture");
    this.twoFactorEnabled = this.getResponseProperty("TwoFactorEnabled");
+
    const key = this.getResponseProperty("Key");
    if (key) {
      this.key = new EncString(key);
    }
+    // Cleanup: This should be non-optional after the server has been released for a while https://bitwarden.atlassian.net/browse/PM-21768
+    if (this.getResponseProperty("AccountKeys") != null) {
+      this.accountKeys = new PrivateKeysResponseModel(this.getResponseProperty("AccountKeys"));
+    }
+
    this.avatarColor = this.getResponseProperty("AvatarColor");
    this.creationDate = this.getResponseProperty("CreationDate");
    this.privateKey = this.getResponseProperty("PrivateKey");
--- a/libs/common/src/platform/services/key-state/user-key.state.ts
+++ b/libs/common/src/platform/services/key-state/user-key.state.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import { EncryptedString } from "../../../key-management/crypto/models/enc-string";
+import { WrappedSigningKey } from "../../../key-management/types";
 import { UserKey } from "../../../types/key";
 import { SymmetricCryptoKey } from "../../models/domain/symmetric-crypto-key";
 import { CRYPTO_DISK, CRYPTO_MEMORY, UserKeyDefinition } from "../../state";
@@ -25,3 +26,12 @@ export const USER_KEY = new UserKeyDefinition<UserKey>(CRYPTO_MEMORY, "userKey",
  deserializer: (obj) => SymmetricCryptoKey.fromJSON(obj) as UserKey,
  clearOn: ["logout", "lock"],
 });
+
+export const USER_KEY_ENCRYPTED_SIGNING_KEY = new UserKeyDefinition<WrappedSigningKey>(
+  CRYPTO_DISK,
+  "userSigningKey",
+  {
+    deserializer: (obj) => obj,
+    clearOn: ["logout"],
+  },
+);
--- a/libs/common/src/platform/services/sdk/default-sdk.service.spec.ts
+++ b/libs/common/src/platform/services/sdk/default-sdk.service.spec.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 import { mock, MockProxy } from "jest-mock-extended";
 import { BehaviorSubject, firstValueFrom, of } from "rxjs";

-import { ConfigService } from "@bitwarden/common/platform/abstractions/config/config.service";
+import { SecurityStateService } from "@bitwarden/common/key-management/security-state/abstractions/security-state.service";
 // This import has been flagged as unallowed for this class. It may be involved in a circular dependency loop.
 // eslint-disable-next-line no-restricted-imports
 import { KdfConfigService, KeyService, PBKDF2KdfConfig } from "@bitwarden/key-management";
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@ import { AccountInfo } from "../../../auth/abstractions/account.service";
 import { EncryptedString } from "../../../key-management/crypto/models/enc-string";
 import { UserId } from "../../../types/guid";
 import { UserKey } from "../../../types/key";
+import { ConfigService } from "../../abstractions/config/config.service";
 import { Environment, EnvironmentService } from "../../abstractions/environment.service";
 import { PlatformUtilsService } from "../../abstractions/platform-utils.service";
 import { SdkClientFactory } from "../../abstractions/sdk/sdk-client-factory";
@@ -43,6 +44,7 @@ describe("DefaultSdkService", () => {
    let platformUtilsService!: MockProxy<PlatformUtilsService>;
    let kdfConfigService!: MockProxy<KdfConfigService>;
    let keyService!: MockProxy<KeyService>;
+    let securityStateService!: MockProxy<SecurityStateService>;
    let configService!: MockProxy<ConfigService>;
    let service!: DefaultSdkService;
    let accountService!: FakeAccountService;
@@ -57,6 +59,7 @@ describe("DefaultSdkService", () => {
      platformUtilsService = mock<PlatformUtilsService>();
      kdfConfigService = mock<KdfConfigService>();
      keyService = mock<KeyService>();
+      securityStateService = mock<SecurityStateService>();
      apiService = mock<ApiService>();
      const mockUserId = Utils.newGuid() as UserId;
      accountService = mockAccountServiceWith(mockUserId);
@@ -75,6 +78,7 @@ describe("DefaultSdkService", () => {
        accountService,
        kdfConfigService,
        keyService,
+        securityStateService,
        apiService,
        fakeStateProvider,
        configService,
@@ -100,6 +104,8 @@ describe("DefaultSdkService", () => {
          .calledWith(userId)
          .mockReturnValue(of("private-key" as EncryptedString));
        keyService.encryptedOrgKeys$.calledWith(userId).mockReturnValue(of({}));
+        keyService.userSigningKey$.calledWith(userId).mockReturnValue(of(null));
+        securityStateService.accountSecurityState$.calledWith(userId).mockReturnValue(of(null));
      });

      describe("given no client override has been set for the user", () => {
--- a/libs/common/src/platform/services/sdk/default-sdk.service.ts
+++ b/libs/common/src/platform/services/sdk/default-sdk.service.ts
@@ -31,6 +31,8 @@ import { ApiService } from "../../../abstractions/api.service";
 import { AccountInfo, AccountService } from "../../../auth/abstractions/account.service";
 import { DeviceType } from "../../../enums/device-type.enum";
 import { EncryptedString, EncString } from "../../../key-management/crypto/models/enc-string";
+import { SecurityStateService } from "../../../key-management/security-state/abstractions/security-state.service";
+import { SignedSecurityState, WrappedSigningKey } from "../../../key-management/types";
 import { OrganizationId, UserId } from "../../../types/guid";
 import { UserKey } from "../../../types/key";
 import { Environment, EnvironmentService } from "../../abstractions/environment.service";
@@ -98,6 +100,7 @@ export class DefaultSdkService implements SdkService {
    private accountService: AccountService,
    private kdfConfigService: KdfConfigService,
    private keyService: KeyService,
+    private securityStateService: SecurityStateService,
    private apiService: ApiService,
    private stateProvider: StateProvider,
    private configService: ConfigService,
@@ -160,10 +163,14 @@ export class DefaultSdkService implements SdkService {
    const privateKey$ = this.keyService
      .userEncryptedPrivateKey$(userId)
      .pipe(distinctUntilChanged());
+    const signingKey$ = this.keyService.userSigningKey$(userId).pipe(distinctUntilChanged());
    const userKey$ = this.keyService.userKey$(userId).pipe(distinctUntilChanged());
    const orgKeys$ = this.keyService.encryptedOrgKeys$(userId).pipe(
      distinctUntilChanged(compareValues), // The upstream observable emits different objects with the same values
    );
+    const securityState$ = this.securityStateService
+      .accountSecurityState$(userId)
+      .pipe(distinctUntilChanged(compareValues));

    const client$ = combineLatest([
      this.environmentService.getEnvironment$(userId),
@@ -171,51 +178,57 @@ export class DefaultSdkService implements SdkService {
      kdfParams$,
      privateKey$,
      userKey$,
+      signingKey$,
      orgKeys$,
+      securityState$,
      SdkLoadService.Ready, // Makes sure we wait (once) for the SDK to be loaded
    ]).pipe(
      // switchMap is required to allow the clean-up logic to be executed when `combineLatest` emits a new value.
-      switchMap(([env, account, kdfParams, privateKey, userKey, orgKeys]) => {
-        // Create our own observable to be able to implement clean-up logic
-        return new Observable<Rc<BitwardenClient>>((subscriber) => {
-          const createAndInitializeClient = async () => {
-            if (env == null || kdfParams == null || privateKey == null || userKey == null) {
-              return undefined;
-            }
+      switchMap(
+        ([env, account, kdfParams, privateKey, userKey, signingKey, orgKeys, securityState]) => {
+          // Create our own observable to be able to implement clean-up logic
+          return new Observable<Rc<BitwardenClient>>((subscriber) => {
+            const createAndInitializeClient = async () => {
+              if (env == null || kdfParams == null || privateKey == null || userKey == null) {
+                return undefined;
+              }

-            const settings = this.toSettings(env);
-            const client = await this.sdkClientFactory.createSdkClient(
-              new JsTokenProvider(this.apiService, userId),
-              settings,
-            );
+              const settings = this.toSettings(env);
+              const client = await this.sdkClientFactory.createSdkClient(
+                new JsTokenProvider(this.apiService, userId),
+                settings,
+              );

-            await this.initializeClient(
-              userId,
-              client,
-              account,
-              kdfParams,
-              privateKey,
-              userKey,
-              orgKeys,
-            );
+              await this.initializeClient(
+                userId,
+                client,
+                account,
+                kdfParams,
+                privateKey,
+                userKey,
+                signingKey,
+                securityState,
+                orgKeys,
+              );

-            return client;
-          };
+              return client;
+            };

-          let client: Rc<BitwardenClient> | undefined;
-          createAndInitializeClient()
-            .then((c) => {
-              client = c === undefined ? undefined : new Rc(c);
+            let client: Rc<BitwardenClient> | undefined;
+            createAndInitializeClient()
+              .then((c) => {
+                client = c === undefined ? undefined : new Rc(c);

-              subscriber.next(client);
-            })
-            .catch((e) => {
-              subscriber.error(e);
-            });
+                subscriber.next(client);
+              })
+              .catch((e) => {
+                subscriber.error(e);
+              });

-          return () => client?.markForDisposal();
-        });
-      }),
+            return () => client?.markForDisposal();
+          });
+        },
+      ),
      tap({ finalize: () => this.sdkClientCache.delete(userId) }),
      shareReplay({ refCount: true, bufferSize: 1 }),
    );
@@ -231,6 +244,8 @@ export class DefaultSdkService implements SdkService {
    kdfParams: KdfConfig,
    privateKey: EncryptedString,
    userKey: UserKey,
+    signingKey: WrappedSigningKey | null,
+    securityState: SignedSecurityState | null,
    orgKeys: Record<OrganizationId, EncString>,
  ) {
    await client.crypto().initialize_user_crypto({
@@ -248,8 +263,8 @@ export class DefaultSdkService implements SdkService {
              },
            },
      privateKey,
-      signingKey: undefined,
-      securityState: undefined,
+      signingKey: signingKey || undefined,
+      securityState: securityState || undefined,
    });

    // We initialize the org crypto even if the org_keys are
--- a/libs/common/src/platform/sync/default-sync.service.spec.ts
+++ b/libs/common/src/platform/sync/default-sync.service.spec.ts
@@ -11,6 +11,8 @@ import {
  UserDecryptionOptions,
  UserDecryptionOptionsServiceAbstraction,
 } from "@bitwarden/auth/common";
+import { EncString } from "@bitwarden/common/key-management/crypto/models/enc-string";
+import { SecurityStateService } from "@bitwarden/common/key-management/security-state/abstractions/security-state.service";
 // This import has been flagged as unallowed for this class. It may be involved in a circular dependency loop.
 // eslint-disable-next-line no-restricted-imports
 import { KeyService, PBKDF2KdfConfig } from "@bitwarden/key-management";
@@ -72,6 +74,7 @@ describe("DefaultSyncService", () => {
  let tokenService: MockProxy<TokenService>;
  let authService: MockProxy<AuthService>;
  let stateProvider: MockProxy<StateProvider>;
+  let securityStateService: MockProxy<SecurityStateService>;

  let sut: DefaultSyncService;

@@ -101,6 +104,7 @@ describe("DefaultSyncService", () => {
    tokenService = mock();
    authService = mock();
    stateProvider = mock();
+    securityStateService = mock();

    sut = new DefaultSyncService(
      masterPasswordAbstraction,
@@ -127,6 +131,7 @@ describe("DefaultSyncService", () => {
      tokenService,
      authService,
      stateProvider,
+      securityStateService,
    );
  });

@@ -155,6 +160,142 @@ describe("DefaultSyncService", () => {
      stateProvider.getUser.mockReturnValue(mock());
    });

+    it("sets the correct keys for a V1 user with old response model", async () => {
+      const v1Profile = {
+        id: user1,
+        key: "encryptedUserKey",
+        privateKey: "privateKey",
+        providers: [] as any[],
+        organizations: [] as any[],
+        providerOrganizations: [] as any[],
+        avatarColor: "#fff",
+        securityStamp: "stamp",
+        emailVerified: true,
+        verifyDevices: false,
+        premiumPersonally: false,
+        premiumFromOrganization: false,
+        usesKeyConnector: false,
+      };
+      apiService.getSync.mockResolvedValue(
+        new SyncResponse({
+          profile: v1Profile,
+          folders: [],
+          collections: [],
+          ciphers: [],
+          sends: [],
+          domains: [],
+          policies: [],
+        }),
+      );
+      await sut.fullSync(true);
+      expect(masterPasswordAbstraction.setMasterKeyEncryptedUserKey).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
+        new EncString("encryptedUserKey"),
+        user1,
+      );
+      expect(keyService.setPrivateKey).toHaveBeenCalledWith("privateKey", user1);
+      expect(keyService.setProviderKeys).toHaveBeenCalledWith([], user1);
+      expect(keyService.setOrgKeys).toHaveBeenCalledWith([], [], user1);
+    });
+
+    it("sets the correct keys for a V1 user", async () => {
+      const v1Profile = {
+        id: user1,
+        key: "encryptedUserKey",
+        privateKey: "privateKey",
+        providers: [] as any[],
+        organizations: [] as any[],
+        providerOrganizations: [] as any[],
+        avatarColor: "#fff",
+        securityStamp: "stamp",
+        emailVerified: true,
+        verifyDevices: false,
+        premiumPersonally: false,
+        premiumFromOrganization: false,
+        usesKeyConnector: false,
+        accountKeys: {
+          publicKeyEncryptionKeyPair: {
+            wrappedPrivateKey: "wrappedPrivateKey",
+            publicKey: "publicKey",
+          },
+        },
+      };
+      apiService.getSync.mockResolvedValue(
+        new SyncResponse({
+          profile: v1Profile,
+          folders: [],
+          collections: [],
+          ciphers: [],
+          sends: [],
+          domains: [],
+          policies: [],
+        }),
+      );
+      await sut.fullSync(true);
+      expect(masterPasswordAbstraction.setMasterKeyEncryptedUserKey).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
+        new EncString("encryptedUserKey"),
+        user1,
+      );
+      expect(keyService.setPrivateKey).toHaveBeenCalledWith("wrappedPrivateKey", user1);
+      expect(keyService.setProviderKeys).toHaveBeenCalledWith([], user1);
+      expect(keyService.setOrgKeys).toHaveBeenCalledWith([], [], user1);
+    });
+
+    it("sets the correct keys for a V2 user", async () => {
+      const v2Profile = {
+        id: user1,
+        key: "encryptedUserKey",
+        providers: [] as unknown[],
+        organizations: [] as unknown[],
+        providerOrganizations: [] as unknown[],
+        avatarColor: "#fff",
+        securityStamp: "stamp",
+        emailVerified: true,
+        verifyDevices: false,
+        premiumPersonally: false,
+        premiumFromOrganization: false,
+        usesKeyConnector: false,
+        privateKey: "wrappedPrivateKey",
+        accountKeys: {
+          publicKeyEncryptionKeyPair: {
+            wrappedPrivateKey: "wrappedPrivateKey",
+            publicKey: "publicKey",
+            signedPublicKey: "signedPublicKey",
+          },
+          signatureKeyPair: {
+            wrappedSigningKey: "wrappedSigningKey",
+            verifyingKey: "verifyingKey",
+          },
+          securityState: {
+            securityState: "securityState",
+          },
+        },
+      };
+      apiService.getSync.mockResolvedValue(
+        new SyncResponse({
+          profile: v2Profile,
+          folders: [],
+          collections: [],
+          ciphers: [],
+          sends: [],
+          domains: [],
+          policies: [],
+        }),
+      );
+      await sut.fullSync(true);
+      expect(masterPasswordAbstraction.setMasterKeyEncryptedUserKey).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
+        new EncString("encryptedUserKey"),
+        user1,
+      );
+      expect(keyService.setPrivateKey).toHaveBeenCalledWith("wrappedPrivateKey", user1);
+      expect(keyService.setUserSigningKey).toHaveBeenCalledWith("wrappedSigningKey", user1);
+      expect(securityStateService.setAccountSecurityState).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
+        "securityState",
+        user1,
+      );
+      expect(keyService.setProviderKeys).toHaveBeenCalledWith([], user1);
+      expect(keyService.setOrgKeys).toHaveBeenCalledWith([], [], user1);
+    });
+
    it("does a token refresh when option missing from options", async () => {
      await sut.fullSync(true, { allowThrowOnError: false });

--- a/libs/common/src/platform/sync/default-sync.service.ts
+++ b/libs/common/src/platform/sync/default-sync.service.ts
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ import {
  CollectionService,
 } from "@bitwarden/admin-console/common";
 // This import has been flagged as unallowed for this class. It may be involved in a circular dependency loop.
+import { SecurityStateService } from "@bitwarden/common/key-management/security-state/abstractions/security-state.service";
 // eslint-disable-next-line no-restricted-imports
 import { KeyService } from "@bitwarden/key-management";

@@ -98,6 +99,7 @@ export class DefaultSyncService extends CoreSyncService {
    tokenService: TokenService,
    authService: AuthService,
    stateProvider: StateProvider,
+    private securityStateService: SecurityStateService,
  ) {
    super(
      tokenService,
@@ -233,13 +235,34 @@ export class DefaultSyncService extends CoreSyncService {
    if (response?.key) {
      await this.masterPasswordService.setMasterKeyEncryptedUserKey(response.key, response.id);
    }
-    await this.keyService.setPrivateKey(response.privateKey, response.id);
+
+    // Cleanup: Only the first branch should be kept after the server always returns accountKeys https://bitwarden.atlassian.net/browse/PM-21768
+    if (response.accountKeys != null) {
+      await this.keyService.setPrivateKey(
+        response.accountKeys.publicKeyEncryptionKeyPair.wrappedPrivateKey,
+        response.id,
+      );
+      if (response.accountKeys.signatureKeyPair !== null) {
+        // User is V2 user
+        await this.keyService.setUserSigningKey(
+          response.accountKeys.signatureKeyPair.wrappedSigningKey,
+          response.id,
+        );
+        await this.securityStateService.setAccountSecurityState(
+          response.accountKeys.securityState.securityState,
+          response.id,
+        );
+      }
+    } else {
+      await this.keyService.setPrivateKey(response.privateKey, response.id);
+    }
    await this.keyService.setProviderKeys(response.providers, response.id);
    await this.keyService.setOrgKeys(
      response.organizations,
      response.providerOrganizations,
      response.id,
    );
+
    await this.avatarService.setSyncAvatarColor(response.id, response.avatarColor);
    await this.tokenService.setSecurityStamp(response.securityStamp, response.id);
    await this.accountService.setAccountEmailVerified(response.id, response.emailVerified);
--- a/libs/common/src/types/key.ts
+++ b/libs/common/src/types/key.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 import { Opaque } from "type-fest";

+import { UnsignedPublicKey } from "../key-management/types";
 import { SymmetricCryptoKey } from "../platform/models/domain/symmetric-crypto-key";

 // symmetric keys
@@ -15,4 +16,4 @@ export type CipherKey = Opaque<SymmetricCryptoKey, "CipherKey">;

 // asymmetric keys
 export type UserPrivateKey = Opaque<Uint8Array, "UserPrivateKey">;
-export type UserPublicKey = Opaque<Uint8Array, "UserPublicKey">;
+export type UserPublicKey = Opaque<UnsignedPublicKey, "UserPublicKey">;
--- a/libs/key-management/src/abstractions/key.service.ts
+++ b/libs/key-management/src/abstractions/key.service.ts
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ import {
  EncryptedString,
  EncString,
 } from "@bitwarden/common/key-management/crypto/models/enc-string";
+import { WrappedSigningKey } from "@bitwarden/common/key-management/types";
 import { KeySuffixOptions, HashPurpose } from "@bitwarden/common/platform/enums";
 import { SymmetricCryptoKey } from "@bitwarden/common/platform/models/domain/symmetric-crypto-key";
 import { OrganizationId, UserId } from "@bitwarden/common/types/guid";
@@ -236,8 +237,10 @@ export abstract class KeyService {
   */
  abstract getOrgKey(orgId: string): Promise<OrgKey | null>;
  /**
-   * Uses the org key to derive a new symmetric key for encrypting data
-   * @param key The organization's symmetric key
+   * Makes a fresh attachment content encryption key and returns it along with a wrapped (encrypted) version of it.
+   * @deprecated Do not use this for new code / new cryptographic designs.
+   * @param key The organization's symmetric key or the user's user key to wrap the attachment key with
+   * @returns The new attachment content encryption key and the wrapped version of it
   */
  abstract makeDataEncKey<T extends UserKey | OrgKey>(
    key: T,
@@ -272,6 +275,14 @@ export abstract class KeyService {
   * @param encPrivateKey An encrypted private key
   */
  abstract setPrivateKey(encPrivateKey: string, userId: UserId): Promise<void>;
+  /**
+   * Sets the user's encrypted signing key in storage
+   * In contrast to the private key, the decrypted signing key
+   * is not stored in memory outside of the SDK.
+   * @param encryptedSigningKey An encrypted signing key
+   * @param userId The user id of the user to set the signing key for
+   */
+  abstract setUserSigningKey(encryptedSigningKey: WrappedSigningKey, userId: UserId): Promise<void>;

  /**
   * Gets an observable stream of the given users decrypted private key, will emit null if the user
@@ -416,7 +427,13 @@ export abstract class KeyService {
   *
   * @throws If an invalid user id is passed in.
   */
-  abstract userPublicKey$(userId: UserId): Observable<UserPublicKey | null>;
+  abstract userPublicKey$(userId: UserId): Observable<Uint8Array | null>;
+
+  /**
+   * Gets a users signing keys from local state.
+   * The observable will emit null, exactly if the local state returns null.
+   */
+  abstract userSigningKey$(userId: UserId): Observable<WrappedSigningKey | null>;

  /**
   * Validates that a userkey is correct for a given user
--- a/libs/key-management/src/key.service.spec.ts
+++ b/libs/key-management/src/key.service.spec.ts
@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ import {
 } from "@bitwarden/common/key-management/crypto/models/enc-string";
 import { FakeMasterPasswordService } from "@bitwarden/common/key-management/master-password/services/fake-master-password.service";
 import { PinServiceAbstraction } from "@bitwarden/common/key-management/pin/pin.service.abstraction";
+import { UnsignedPublicKey, WrappedSigningKey } from "@bitwarden/common/key-management/types";
 import { VaultTimeoutStringType } from "@bitwarden/common/key-management/vault-timeout";
 import { VAULT_TIMEOUT } from "@bitwarden/common/key-management/vault-timeout/services/vault-timeout-settings.state";
 import { LogService } from "@bitwarden/common/platform/abstractions/log.service";
@@ -25,6 +26,7 @@ import {
  USER_ENCRYPTED_PRIVATE_KEY,
  USER_EVER_HAD_USER_KEY,
  USER_KEY,
+  USER_KEY_ENCRYPTED_SIGNING_KEY,
 } from "@bitwarden/common/platform/services/key-state/user-key.state";
 import { UserKeyDefinition } from "@bitwarden/common/platform/state";
 import {
@@ -432,6 +434,7 @@ describe("keyService", () => {
      USER_ENCRYPTED_ORGANIZATION_KEYS,
      USER_ENCRYPTED_PROVIDER_KEYS,
      USER_ENCRYPTED_PRIVATE_KEY,
+      USER_KEY_ENCRYPTED_SIGNING_KEY,
      USER_KEY,
    ])("key removal", (key: UserKeyDefinition<unknown>) => {
      it(`clears ${key.key} for the specified user when specified`, async () => {
@@ -540,6 +543,51 @@ describe("keyService", () => {
    });
  });

+  describe("userSigningKey$", () => {
+    it("returns the signing key when the user has a signing key set", async () => {
+      const fakeSigningKey = "" as WrappedSigningKey;
+      const fakeSigningKeyState = stateProvider.singleUser.getFake(
+        mockUserId,
+        USER_KEY_ENCRYPTED_SIGNING_KEY,
+      );
+      fakeSigningKeyState.nextState(fakeSigningKey);
+
+      const signingKey = await firstValueFrom(keyService.userSigningKey$(mockUserId));
+
+      expect(signingKey).toEqual(fakeSigningKey);
+    });
+
+    it("returns null when the user does not have a signing key set", async () => {
+      const signingKey = await firstValueFrom(keyService.userSigningKey$(mockUserId));
+
+      expect(signingKey).toBeFalsy();
+    });
+  });
+
+  describe("setUserSigningKey", () => {
+    it("throws if the signing key is null", async () => {
+      await expect(keyService.setUserSigningKey(null as any, mockUserId)).rejects.toThrow(
+        "No user signing key provided.",
+      );
+    });
+    it("throws if the userId is null", async () => {
+      await expect(
+        keyService.setUserSigningKey("" as WrappedSigningKey, null as unknown as UserId),
+      ).rejects.toThrow("No userId provided.");
+    });
+    it("sets the signing key for the user", async () => {
+      const fakeSigningKey = "" as WrappedSigningKey;
+      const fakeSigningKeyState = stateProvider.singleUser.getFake(
+        mockUserId,
+        USER_KEY_ENCRYPTED_SIGNING_KEY,
+      );
+      fakeSigningKeyState.nextState(null);
+      await keyService.setUserSigningKey(fakeSigningKey, mockUserId);
+      expect(fakeSigningKeyState.nextMock).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
+      expect(fakeSigningKeyState.nextMock).toHaveBeenCalledWith(fakeSigningKey);
+    });
+  });
+
  describe("cipherDecryptionKeys$", () => {
    function fakePrivateKeyDecryption(encryptedPrivateKey: EncString, key: SymmetricCryptoKey) {
      const output = new Uint8Array(64);
@@ -1132,12 +1180,12 @@ describe("keyService", () => {

      keyService.userPrivateKey$ = jest.fn().mockReturnValue(new BehaviorSubject("private key"));
      cryptoFunctionService.rsaExtractPublicKey.mockResolvedValue(
-        Utils.fromUtf8ToArray("public key"),
+        Utils.fromUtf8ToArray("public key") as UnsignedPublicKey,
      );
      const key = await firstValueFrom(keyService.userEncryptionKeyPair$(mockUserId));
      expect(key).toEqual({
        privateKey: "private key",
-        publicKey: Utils.fromUtf8ToArray("public key"),
+        publicKey: Utils.fromUtf8ToArray("public key") as UnsignedPublicKey,
      });
    });
  });
--- a/libs/key-management/src/key.service.ts
+++ b/libs/key-management/src/key.service.ts
@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@ import {
 } from "@bitwarden/common/key-management/crypto/models/enc-string";
 import { InternalMasterPasswordServiceAbstraction } from "@bitwarden/common/key-management/master-password/abstractions/master-password.service.abstraction";
 import { PinServiceAbstraction } from "@bitwarden/common/key-management/pin/pin.service.abstraction";
+import { WrappedSigningKey } from "@bitwarden/common/key-management/types";
 import { VaultTimeoutStringType } from "@bitwarden/common/key-management/vault-timeout";
 import { VAULT_TIMEOUT } from "@bitwarden/common/key-management/vault-timeout/services/vault-timeout-settings.state";
 import { LogService } from "@bitwarden/common/platform/abstractions/log.service";
@@ -44,6 +45,7 @@ import {
  USER_ENCRYPTED_PRIVATE_KEY,
  USER_EVER_HAD_USER_KEY,
  USER_KEY,
+  USER_KEY_ENCRYPTED_SIGNING_KEY,
 } from "@bitwarden/common/platform/services/key-state/user-key.state";
 import { StateProvider } from "@bitwarden/common/platform/state";
 import { CsprngArray } from "@bitwarden/common/types/csprng";
@@ -398,8 +400,10 @@ export class DefaultKeyService implements KeyServiceAbstraction {
      throw new Error("No key provided");
    }

-    const newSymKey = await this.keyGenerationService.createKey(512);
-    return this.buildProtectedSymmetricKey(key, newSymKey);
+    // Content encryption key is AES256_CBC_HMAC
+    const cek = await this.keyGenerationService.createKey(512);
+    const wrappedCek = await this.encryptService.wrapSymmetricKey(cek, key);
+    return [cek, wrappedCek];
  }

  private async clearOrgKeys(userId: UserId): Promise<void> {
@@ -505,6 +509,10 @@ export class DefaultKeyService implements KeyServiceAbstraction {
    await this.stateProvider.setUserState(USER_ENCRYPTED_PRIVATE_KEY, null, userId);
  }

+  private async clearSigningKey(userId: UserId): Promise<void> {
+    await this.stateProvider.setUserState(USER_KEY_ENCRYPTED_SIGNING_KEY, null, userId);
+  }
+
  async clearPinKeys(userId: UserId): Promise<void> {
    if (userId == null) {
      throw new Error("UserId is required");
@@ -537,6 +545,7 @@ export class DefaultKeyService implements KeyServiceAbstraction {
    await this.clearOrgKeys(userId);
    await this.clearProviderKeys(userId);
    await this.clearKeyPair(userId);
+    await this.clearSigningKey(userId);
    await this.clearPinKeys(userId);
    await this.stateProvider.setUserState(USER_EVER_HAD_USER_KEY, null, userId);
  }
@@ -758,6 +767,10 @@ export class DefaultKeyService implements KeyServiceAbstraction {
    return phrase;
  }

+  /**
+   * @deprecated
+   * This should only be used for wrapping the user key with a master key or stretched master key.
+   */
  private async buildProtectedSymmetricKey<T extends SymmetricCryptoKey>(
    encryptionKey: SymmetricCryptoKey,
    newSymKey: SymmetricCryptoKey,
@@ -792,7 +805,7 @@ export class DefaultKeyService implements KeyServiceAbstraction {
      return null;
    }

-    return (await this.cryptoFunctionService.rsaExtractPublicKey(privateKey)) as UserPublicKey;
+    return await this.cryptoFunctionService.rsaExtractPublicKey(privateKey);
  }

  userPrivateKey$(userId: UserId): Observable<UserPrivateKey | null> {
@@ -808,7 +821,7 @@ export class DefaultKeyService implements KeyServiceAbstraction {
          return null;
        }

-        const publicKey = (await this.derivePublicKey(privateKey))!;
+        const publicKey = (await this.derivePublicKey(privateKey))! as UserPublicKey;
        return { privateKey, publicKey };
      }),
    );
@@ -905,6 +918,27 @@ export class DefaultKeyService implements KeyServiceAbstraction {
    );
  }

+  async setUserSigningKey(userSigningKey: WrappedSigningKey, userId: UserId): Promise<void> {
+    if (userSigningKey == null) {
+      throw new Error("No user signing key provided.");
+    }
+    if (userId == null) {
+      throw new Error("No userId provided.");
+    }
+    await this.stateProvider.setUserState(USER_KEY_ENCRYPTED_SIGNING_KEY, userSigningKey, userId);
+  }
+
+  userSigningKey$(userId: UserId): Observable<WrappedSigningKey | null> {
+    return this.stateProvider.getUser(userId, USER_KEY_ENCRYPTED_SIGNING_KEY).state$.pipe(
+      map((encryptedSigningKey) => {
+        if (encryptedSigningKey == null) {
+          return null;
+        }
+        return encryptedSigningKey as WrappedSigningKey;
+      }),
+    );
+  }
+
  orgKeys$(userId: UserId): Observable<Record<OrganizationId, OrgKey> | null> {
    return this.cipherDecryptionKeys$(userId).pipe(map((keys) => keys?.orgKeys ?? null));
  }
--- a/libs/node/src/services/node-crypto-function.service.ts
+++ b/libs/node/src/services/node-crypto-function.service.ts
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ import * as crypto from "crypto";
 import * as forge from "node-forge";

 import { CryptoFunctionService } from "@bitwarden/common/key-management/crypto/abstractions/crypto-function.service";
+import { UnsignedPublicKey } from "@bitwarden/common/key-management/types";
 import { EncryptionType } from "@bitwarden/common/platform/enums";
 import { Utils } from "@bitwarden/common/platform/misc/utils";
 import {
@@ -232,7 +233,7 @@ export class NodeCryptoFunctionService implements CryptoFunctionService {
    return Promise.resolve(this.toUint8Buffer(decipher));
  }

-  rsaExtractPublicKey(privateKey: Uint8Array): Promise<Uint8Array> {
+  async rsaExtractPublicKey(privateKey: Uint8Array): Promise<UnsignedPublicKey> {
    const privateKeyByteString = Utils.fromBufferToByteString(privateKey);
    const privateKeyAsn1 = forge.asn1.fromDer(privateKeyByteString);
    const forgePrivateKey: any = forge.pki.privateKeyFromAsn1(privateKeyAsn1);
@@ -240,11 +241,11 @@ export class NodeCryptoFunctionService implements CryptoFunctionService {
    const publicKeyAsn1 = forge.pki.publicKeyToAsn1(forgePublicKey);
    const publicKeyByteString = forge.asn1.toDer(publicKeyAsn1).data;
    const publicKeyArray = Utils.fromByteStringToArray(publicKeyByteString);
-    return Promise.resolve(publicKeyArray);
+    return publicKeyArray as UnsignedPublicKey;
  }

-  async rsaGenerateKeyPair(length: 1024 | 2048 | 4096): Promise<[Uint8Array, Uint8Array]> {
-    return new Promise<[Uint8Array, Uint8Array]>((resolve, reject) => {
+  async rsaGenerateKeyPair(length: 1024 | 2048 | 4096): Promise<[UnsignedPublicKey, Uint8Array]> {
+    return new Promise<[UnsignedPublicKey, Uint8Array]>((resolve, reject) => {
      forge.pki.rsa.generateKeyPair(
        {
          bits: length,
@@ -266,7 +267,7 @@ export class NodeCryptoFunctionService implements CryptoFunctionService {
          const privateKeyByteString = forge.asn1.toDer(privateKeyPkcs8).getBytes();
          const privateKey = Utils.fromByteStringToArray(privateKeyByteString);

-          resolve([publicKey, privateKey]);
+          resolve([publicKey as UnsignedPublicKey, privateKey]);
        },
      );
    });