[deps] Platform: Update @types/chrome to v0.1.0 (#15697)

* [deps] Platform: Update @types/chrome to v0.1.0

* Fix typing

* Fix other build errors

* Fix strict compile

* Update pkg and fix remaining type errors

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Co-authored-by: renovate[bot] <29139614+renovate[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Daniel García <dani-garcia@users.noreply.github.com>

package.json

@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@
     "@storybook/test-runner": "0.22.0",
     "@storybook/theming": "8.6.12",
     "@storybook/web-components-webpack5": "8.6.12",
-    "@types/chrome": "0.0.306",
+    "@types/chrome": "0.1.12",
     "@types/firefox-webext-browser": "120.0.4",
     "@types/inquirer": "8.2.10",
     "@types/jest": "29.5.14",