diff --git a/bitwarden_license/src/Sso/Controllers/AccountController.cs b/bitwarden_license/src/Sso/Controllers/AccountController.cs
index 7141f8429d..afbef321a9 100644
--- a/bitwarden_license/src/Sso/Controllers/AccountController.cs
+++ b/bitwarden_license/src/Sso/Controllers/AccountController.cs
@@ -680,22 +680,10 @@ public class AccountController : Controller
             ApiKey = CoreHelpers.SecureRandomString(30)
         };
 
-        /*
-            The feature flag is checked here so that we can send the new MJML welcome email templates.
-            The other organization invites flows have an OrganizationUser allowing the RegisterUserCommand the ability
-            to fetch the Organization. The old method RegisterUser(User) here does not have that context, so we need
-            to use a new method RegisterSSOAutoProvisionedUserAsync(User, Organization) to send the correct email.
-            [PM-28057]: Prefer RegisterSSOAutoProvisionedUserAsync for SSO auto-provisioned users.
-            TODO: Remove Feature flag: PM-28221
-        */
-        if (_featureService.IsEnabled(FeatureFlagKeys.MjmlWelcomeEmailTemplates))
-        {
-            await _registerUserCommand.RegisterSSOAutoProvisionedUserAsync(newUser, organization);
-        }
-        else
-        {
-            await _registerUserCommand.RegisterUser(newUser);
-        }
+        // Always use RegisterSSOAutoProvisionedUserAsync to ensure organization context is available
+        // for domain validation (BlockClaimedDomainAccountCreation policy) and welcome emails.
+        // The feature flag logic for welcome email templates is handled internally by RegisterUserCommand.
+        await _registerUserCommand.RegisterSSOAutoProvisionedUserAsync(newUser, organization);
 
         // If the organization has 2fa policy enabled, make sure to default jit user 2fa to email
         var twoFactorPolicy =
diff --git a/bitwarden_license/test/SSO.Test/Controllers/AccountControllerTest.cs b/bitwarden_license/test/SSO.Test/Controllers/AccountControllerTest.cs
index b276174814..66cb018923 100644
--- a/bitwarden_license/test/SSO.Test/Controllers/AccountControllerTest.cs
+++ b/bitwarden_license/test/SSO.Test/Controllers/AccountControllerTest.cs
@@ -6,7 +6,6 @@ using Bit.Core.Auth.Entities;
 using Bit.Core.Auth.Models.Business.Tokenables;
 using Bit.Core.Auth.Models.Data;
 using Bit.Core.Auth.Repositories;
-using Bit.Core.Auth.UserFeatures.Registration;
 using Bit.Core.Entities;
 using Bit.Core.Enums;
 using Bit.Core.Repositories;
@@ -21,7 +20,6 @@ using Duende.IdentityServer.Models;
 using Duende.IdentityServer.Services;
 using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Authentication;
 using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Http;
-using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity;
 using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc;
 using Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection;
 using NSubstitute;
@@ -1013,133 +1011,6 @@ public class AccountControllerTest
         }
     }
 
-    [Theory, BitAutoData]
-    public async Task AutoProvisionUserAsync_WithFeatureFlagEnabled_CallsRegisterSSOAutoProvisionedUser(
-        SutProvider<AccountController> sutProvider)
-    {
-        // Arrange
-        var orgId = Guid.NewGuid();
-        var providerUserId = "ext-new-user";
-        var email = "newuser@example.com";
-        var organization = new Organization { Id = orgId, Name = "Test Org", Seats = null };
-
-        // No existing user (JIT provisioning scenario)
-        sutProvider.GetDependency<IUserRepository>().GetByEmailAsync(email).Returns((User?)null);
-        sutProvider.GetDependency<IOrganizationRepository>().GetByIdAsync(orgId).Returns(organization);
-        sutProvider.GetDependency<IOrganizationUserRepository>().GetByOrganizationEmailAsync(orgId, email)
-            .Returns((OrganizationUser?)null);
-
-        // Feature flag enabled
-        sutProvider.GetDependency<IFeatureService>()
-            .IsEnabled(FeatureFlagKeys.MjmlWelcomeEmailTemplates)
-            .Returns(true);
-
-        // Mock the RegisterSSOAutoProvisionedUserAsync to return success
-        sutProvider.GetDependency<IRegisterUserCommand>()
-            .RegisterSSOAutoProvisionedUserAsync(Arg.Any<User>(), Arg.Any<Organization>())
-            .Returns(IdentityResult.Success);
-
-        var claims = new[]
-        {
-            new Claim(JwtClaimTypes.Email, email),
-            new Claim(JwtClaimTypes.Name, "New User")
-        } as IEnumerable<Claim>;
-        var config = new SsoConfigurationData();
-
-        var method = typeof(AccountController).GetMethod(
-            "CreateUserAndOrgUserConditionallyAsync",
-            BindingFlags.Instance | BindingFlags.NonPublic);
-        Assert.NotNull(method);
-
-        // Act
-        var task = (Task<(User user, Organization organization, OrganizationUser orgUser)>)method!.Invoke(
-            sutProvider.Sut,
-            new object[]
-            {
-                orgId.ToString(),
-                providerUserId,
-                claims,
-                null!,
-                config
-            })!;
-
-        var result = await task;
-
-        // Assert
-        await sutProvider.GetDependency<IRegisterUserCommand>().Received(1)
-            .RegisterSSOAutoProvisionedUserAsync(
-                Arg.Is<User>(u => u.Email == email && u.Name == "New User"),
-                Arg.Is<Organization>(o => o.Id == orgId && o.Name == "Test Org"));
-
-        Assert.NotNull(result.user);
-        Assert.Equal(email, result.user.Email);
-        Assert.Equal(organization.Id, result.organization.Id);
-    }
-
-    [Theory, BitAutoData]
-    public async Task AutoProvisionUserAsync_WithFeatureFlagDisabled_CallsRegisterUserInstead(
-        SutProvider<AccountController> sutProvider)
-    {
-        // Arrange
-        var orgId = Guid.NewGuid();
-        var providerUserId = "ext-legacy-user";
-        var email = "legacyuser@example.com";
-        var organization = new Organization { Id = orgId, Name = "Test Org", Seats = null };
-
-        // No existing user (JIT provisioning scenario)
-        sutProvider.GetDependency<IUserRepository>().GetByEmailAsync(email).Returns((User?)null);
-        sutProvider.GetDependency<IOrganizationRepository>().GetByIdAsync(orgId).Returns(organization);
-        sutProvider.GetDependency<IOrganizationUserRepository>().GetByOrganizationEmailAsync(orgId, email)
-            .Returns((OrganizationUser?)null);
-
-        // Feature flag disabled
-        sutProvider.GetDependency<IFeatureService>()
-            .IsEnabled(FeatureFlagKeys.MjmlWelcomeEmailTemplates)
-            .Returns(false);
-
-        // Mock the RegisterUser to return success
-        sutProvider.GetDependency<IRegisterUserCommand>()
-            .RegisterUser(Arg.Any<User>())
-            .Returns(IdentityResult.Success);
-
-        var claims = new[]
-        {
-            new Claim(JwtClaimTypes.Email, email),
-            new Claim(JwtClaimTypes.Name, "Legacy User")
-        } as IEnumerable<Claim>;
-        var config = new SsoConfigurationData();
-
-        var method = typeof(AccountController).GetMethod(
-            "CreateUserAndOrgUserConditionallyAsync",
-            BindingFlags.Instance | BindingFlags.NonPublic);
-        Assert.NotNull(method);
-
-        // Act
-        var task = (Task<(User user, Organization organization, OrganizationUser orgUser)>)method!.Invoke(
-            sutProvider.Sut,
-            new object[]
-            {
-                orgId.ToString(),
-                providerUserId,
-                claims,
-                null!,
-                config
-            })!;
-
-        var result = await task;
-
-        // Assert
-        await sutProvider.GetDependency<IRegisterUserCommand>().Received(1)
-            .RegisterUser(Arg.Is<User>(u => u.Email == email && u.Name == "Legacy User"));
-
-        // Verify the new method was NOT called
-        await sutProvider.GetDependency<IRegisterUserCommand>().DidNotReceive()
-            .RegisterSSOAutoProvisionedUserAsync(Arg.Any<User>(), Arg.Any<Organization>());
-
-        Assert.NotNull(result.user);
-        Assert.Equal(email, result.user.Email);
-    }
-
     [Theory, BitAutoData]
     public void ExternalChallenge_WithMatchingOrgId_Succeeds(
         SutProvider<AccountController> sutProvider,
diff --git a/src/Api/AdminConsole/Controllers/PoliciesController.cs b/src/Api/AdminConsole/Controllers/PoliciesController.cs
index ae1d12e887..bce0332d67 100644
--- a/src/Api/AdminConsole/Controllers/PoliciesController.cs
+++ b/src/Api/AdminConsole/Controllers/PoliciesController.cs
@@ -7,7 +7,6 @@ using Bit.Api.AdminConsole.Models.Request;
 using Bit.Api.AdminConsole.Models.Response.Helpers;
 using Bit.Api.AdminConsole.Models.Response.Organizations;
 using Bit.Api.Models.Response;
-using Bit.Core;
 using Bit.Core.AdminConsole.Entities;
 using Bit.Core.AdminConsole.Enums;
 using Bit.Core.AdminConsole.OrganizationFeatures.OrganizationDomains.Interfaces;
@@ -212,7 +211,6 @@ public class PoliciesController : Controller
     }
 
     [HttpPut("{type}/vnext")]
-    [RequireFeatureAttribute(FeatureFlagKeys.CreateDefaultLocation)]
     [Authorize<ManagePoliciesRequirement>]
     public async Task<PolicyResponseModel> PutVNext(Guid orgId, PolicyType type, [FromBody] SavePolicyRequest model)
     {
diff --git a/src/Api/Billing/Controllers/VNext/AccountBillingVNextController.cs b/src/Api/Billing/Controllers/VNext/AccountBillingVNextController.cs
index 7d970aef8b..489241bd55 100644
--- a/src/Api/Billing/Controllers/VNext/AccountBillingVNextController.cs
+++ b/src/Api/Billing/Controllers/VNext/AccountBillingVNextController.cs
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 using Bit.Api.Billing.Attributes;
 using Bit.Api.Billing.Models.Requests.Payment;
 using Bit.Api.Billing.Models.Requests.Premium;
+using Bit.Api.Billing.Models.Requests.Storage;
 using Bit.Core;
 using Bit.Core.Billing.Licenses.Queries;
 using Bit.Core.Billing.Payment.Commands;
@@ -23,7 +24,8 @@ public class AccountBillingVNextController(
     IGetCreditQuery getCreditQuery,
     IGetPaymentMethodQuery getPaymentMethodQuery,
     IGetUserLicenseQuery getUserLicenseQuery,
-    IUpdatePaymentMethodCommand updatePaymentMethodCommand) : BaseBillingController
+    IUpdatePaymentMethodCommand updatePaymentMethodCommand,
+    IUpdatePremiumStorageCommand updatePremiumStorageCommand) : BaseBillingController
 {
     [HttpGet("credit")]
     [InjectUser]
@@ -88,4 +90,15 @@ public class AccountBillingVNextController(
         var response = await getUserLicenseQuery.Run(user);
         return TypedResults.Ok(response);
     }
+
+    [HttpPut("storage")]
+    [RequireFeature(FeatureFlagKeys.PM29594_UpdateIndividualSubscriptionPage)]
+    [InjectUser]
+    public async Task<IResult> UpdateStorageAsync(
+        [BindNever] User user,
+        [FromBody] StorageUpdateRequest request)
+    {
+        var result = await updatePremiumStorageCommand.Run(user, request.AdditionalStorageGb);
+        return Handle(result);
+    }
 }
diff --git a/src/Api/Billing/Models/Requests/Storage/StorageUpdateRequest.cs b/src/Api/Billing/Models/Requests/Storage/StorageUpdateRequest.cs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..0b18fc1e6f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/Api/Billing/Models/Requests/Storage/StorageUpdateRequest.cs
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+using System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations;
+
+namespace Bit.Api.Billing.Models.Requests.Storage;
+
+/// <summary>
+/// Request model for updating storage allocation on a user's premium subscription.
+/// Allows for both increasing and decreasing storage in an idempotent manner.
+/// </summary>
+public class StorageUpdateRequest : IValidatableObject
+{
+    /// <summary>
+    /// The additional storage in GB beyond the base storage.
+    /// Must be between 0 and the maximum allowed (minus base storage).
+    /// </summary>
+    [Required]
+    [Range(0, 99)]
+    public short AdditionalStorageGb { get; set; }
+
+    public IEnumerable<ValidationResult> Validate(ValidationContext validationContext)
+    {
+        if (AdditionalStorageGb < 0)
+        {
+            yield return new ValidationResult(
+                "Additional storage cannot be negative.",
+                new[] { nameof(AdditionalStorageGb) });
+        }
+
+        if (AdditionalStorageGb > 99)
+        {
+            yield return new ValidationResult(
+                "Maximum additional storage is 99 GB.",
+                new[] { nameof(AdditionalStorageGb) });
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/src/Api/Tools/Controllers/OrganizationExportController.cs b/src/Api/Tools/Controllers/OrganizationExportController.cs
index dd039bc4a5..578220075a 100644
--- a/src/Api/Tools/Controllers/OrganizationExportController.cs
+++ b/src/Api/Tools/Controllers/OrganizationExportController.cs
@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
 using Bit.Api.Tools.Authorization;
 using Bit.Api.Tools.Models.Response;
-using Bit.Core;
 using Bit.Core.AdminConsole.OrganizationFeatures.Shared.Authorization;
 using Bit.Core.Exceptions;
 using Bit.Core.Repositories;
@@ -21,7 +20,6 @@ public class OrganizationExportController : Controller
     private readonly IAuthorizationService _authorizationService;
     private readonly IOrganizationCiphersQuery _organizationCiphersQuery;
     private readonly ICollectionRepository _collectionRepository;
-    private readonly IFeatureService _featureService;
 
     public OrganizationExportController(
         IUserService userService,
@@ -36,7 +34,6 @@ public class OrganizationExportController : Controller
         _authorizationService = authorizationService;
         _organizationCiphersQuery = organizationCiphersQuery;
         _collectionRepository = collectionRepository;
-        _featureService = featureService;
     }
 
     [HttpGet("export")]
@@ -46,33 +43,20 @@ public class OrganizationExportController : Controller
             VaultExportOperations.ExportWholeVault);
         var canExportManaged = await _authorizationService.AuthorizeAsync(User, new OrganizationScope(organizationId),
             VaultExportOperations.ExportManagedCollections);
-        var createDefaultLocationEnabled = _featureService.IsEnabled(FeatureFlagKeys.CreateDefaultLocation);
 
         if (canExportAll.Succeeded)
         {
-            if (createDefaultLocationEnabled)
-            {
-                var allOrganizationCiphers =
-                    await _organizationCiphersQuery.GetAllOrganizationCiphersExcludingDefaultUserCollections(
-                        organizationId);
+            var allOrganizationCiphers =
+                await _organizationCiphersQuery.GetAllOrganizationCiphersExcludingDefaultUserCollections(
+                    organizationId);
 
-                var allCollections = await _collectionRepository
-                    .GetManySharedCollectionsByOrganizationIdAsync(
-                        organizationId);
+            var allCollections = await _collectionRepository
+                .GetManySharedCollectionsByOrganizationIdAsync(
+                    organizationId);
 
 
-                return Ok(new OrganizationExportResponseModel(allOrganizationCiphers, allCollections,
-                    _globalSettings));
-            }
-            else
-            {
-                var allOrganizationCiphers = await _organizationCiphersQuery.GetAllOrganizationCiphers(organizationId);
-
-                var allCollections = await _collectionRepository.GetManyByOrganizationIdAsync(organizationId);
-
-                return Ok(new OrganizationExportResponseModel(allOrganizationCiphers, allCollections,
-                    _globalSettings));
-            }
+            return Ok(new OrganizationExportResponseModel(allOrganizationCiphers, allCollections,
+                _globalSettings));
         }
 
         if (canExportManaged.Succeeded)
diff --git a/src/Api/Vault/Controllers/CiphersController.cs b/src/Api/Vault/Controllers/CiphersController.cs
index 6a506cc01f..d40cb1c410 100644
--- a/src/Api/Vault/Controllers/CiphersController.cs
+++ b/src/Api/Vault/Controllers/CiphersController.cs
@@ -10,7 +10,6 @@ using Bit.Api.Utilities;
 using Bit.Api.Vault.Models.Request;
 using Bit.Api.Vault.Models.Response;
 using Bit.Core;
-using Bit.Core.AdminConsole.Services;
 using Bit.Core.Context;
 using Bit.Core.Entities;
 using Bit.Core.Enums;
@@ -43,7 +42,6 @@ public class CiphersController : Controller
     private readonly ICipherService _cipherService;
     private readonly IUserService _userService;
     private readonly IAttachmentStorageService _attachmentStorageService;
-    private readonly IProviderService _providerService;
     private readonly ICurrentContext _currentContext;
     private readonly ILogger<CiphersController> _logger;
     private readonly GlobalSettings _globalSettings;
@@ -52,7 +50,6 @@ public class CiphersController : Controller
     private readonly ICollectionRepository _collectionRepository;
     private readonly IArchiveCiphersCommand _archiveCiphersCommand;
     private readonly IUnarchiveCiphersCommand _unarchiveCiphersCommand;
-    private readonly IFeatureService _featureService;
 
     public CiphersController(
         ICipherRepository cipherRepository,
@@ -60,7 +57,6 @@ public class CiphersController : Controller
         ICipherService cipherService,
         IUserService userService,
         IAttachmentStorageService attachmentStorageService,
-        IProviderService providerService,
         ICurrentContext currentContext,
         ILogger<CiphersController> logger,
         GlobalSettings globalSettings,
@@ -68,15 +64,13 @@ public class CiphersController : Controller
         IApplicationCacheService applicationCacheService,
         ICollectionRepository collectionRepository,
         IArchiveCiphersCommand archiveCiphersCommand,
-        IUnarchiveCiphersCommand unarchiveCiphersCommand,
-        IFeatureService featureService)
+        IUnarchiveCiphersCommand unarchiveCiphersCommand)
     {
         _cipherRepository = cipherRepository;
         _collectionCipherRepository = collectionCipherRepository;
         _cipherService = cipherService;
         _userService = userService;
         _attachmentStorageService = attachmentStorageService;
-        _providerService = providerService;
         _currentContext = currentContext;
         _logger = logger;
         _globalSettings = globalSettings;
@@ -85,7 +79,6 @@ public class CiphersController : Controller
         _collectionRepository = collectionRepository;
         _archiveCiphersCommand = archiveCiphersCommand;
         _unarchiveCiphersCommand = unarchiveCiphersCommand;
-        _featureService = featureService;
     }
 
     [HttpGet("{id}")]
@@ -344,8 +337,7 @@ public class CiphersController : Controller
             throw new NotFoundException();
         }
 
-        bool excludeDefaultUserCollections = _featureService.IsEnabled(FeatureFlagKeys.CreateDefaultLocation) && !includeMemberItems;
-        var allOrganizationCiphers = excludeDefaultUserCollections
+        var allOrganizationCiphers = !includeMemberItems
         ?
             await _organizationCiphersQuery.GetAllOrganizationCiphersExcludingDefaultUserCollections(organizationId)
         :
diff --git a/src/Core/AdminConsole/Models/Data/Organizations/OrganizationAbility.cs b/src/Core/AdminConsole/OrganizationFeatures/OrganizationAbility/OrganizationAbility.cs
similarity index 100%
rename from src/Core/AdminConsole/Models/Data/Organizations/OrganizationAbility.cs
rename to src/Core/AdminConsole/OrganizationFeatures/OrganizationAbility/OrganizationAbility.cs
diff --git a/src/Core/AdminConsole/OrganizationFeatures/OrganizationAbility/README.md b/src/Core/AdminConsole/OrganizationFeatures/OrganizationAbility/README.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..7b92ba3fef
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/Core/AdminConsole/OrganizationFeatures/OrganizationAbility/README.md
@@ -0,0 +1,141 @@
+# Organization Ability Flags
+
+## Overview
+
+Many Bitwarden features are tied to specific subscription plans. For example, SCIM and SSO are Enterprise features,
+while Event Logs are available to Teams and Enterprise plans. When developing features that require plan-based access
+control, we use **Organization Ability Flags** (or simply _abilities_) — explicit boolean properties on the Organization
+entity that indicate whether an organization can use a specific feature.
+
+## The Rule
+
+**Never check plan types to control feature access.** Always use a dedicated ability flag on the Organization entity.
+
+### ❌ Don't Do This
+
+```csharp
+// Checking plan type directly
+if (organization.PlanType == PlanType.Enterprise ||
+    organization.PlanType == PlanType.Teams ||
+    organization.PlanType == PlanType.Family)
+{
+    // allow feature...
+}
+```
+
+### ❌ Don't Do This
+
+```csharp
+// Piggybacking off another feature's ability
+if (organization.PlanType == PlanType.Enterprise && organization.UseEvents)
+{
+    // assume they can use some other feature...
+}
+```
+
+### ✅ Do This Instead
+
+```csharp
+// Check the explicit ability flag
+if (organization.UseEvents)
+{
+    // allow UseEvents feature...
+}
+```
+
+## Why This Pattern Matters
+
+Using explicit ability flags instead of plan type checks provides several benefits:
+
+1. **Simplicity** — A single boolean check is cleaner and less error-prone than maintaining lists of plan types.
+
+2. **Centralized Control** — Feature access is managed in one place: the ability assignment during organization
+   creation/upgrade. No need to hunt through the codebase for scattered plan type checks.
+
+3. **Flexibility** — Abilities can be set independently of plan type, enabling:
+
+    - Early access programs for features not yet tied to a plan
+    - Trial access to help customers evaluate a feature before upgrading
+    - Custom arrangements for specific customers
+    - A/B testing of features across different cohorts
+
+4. **Safe Refactoring** — When plans change (e.g., adding a new plan tier, renaming plans, or moving features between
+   tiers), we only update the ability assignment logic—not every place the feature is used.
+
+5. **Graceful Downgrades** — When an organization downgrades, we update their abilities. All feature checks
+   automatically respect the new access level.
+
+## How It Works
+
+### Ability Assignment at Signup/Upgrade
+
+When an organization is created or changes plans, the ability flags are set based on the plan's capabilities:
+
+```csharp
+// During organization creation or plan change
+organization.UseGroups = plan.HasGroups;
+organization.UseSso = plan.HasSso;
+organization.UseScim = plan.HasScim;
+organization.UsePolicies = plan.HasPolicies;
+organization.UseEvents = plan.HasEvents;
+// ... etc
+```
+
+### Modifying Abilities for Existing Organizations
+
+To change abilities for existing organizations (e.g., rolling out a feature to a new plan tier), create a database
+migration that updates the relevant flag:
+
+```sql
+-- Example: Enable UseEvents for all Teams organizations
+UPDATE [dbo].[Organization]
+SET UseEvents = 1
+WHERE PlanType IN (17, 18) -- TeamsMonthly = 17, TeamsAnnually = 18
+```
+
+Then update the plan-to-ability assignment code so new organizations get the correct value.
+
+## Adding a New Ability
+
+When developing a new plan-gated feature:
+
+1. **Add the ability to the Organization and OrganizationAbility entities** — Create a `Use[FeatureName]` boolean
+   property.
+
+2. **Add a database migration** — Add the new column to the Organization table.
+
+3. **Update plan definitions** — Add a corresponding `Has[FeatureName]` property to the Plan model and configure which
+   plans include it.
+
+4. **Update organization creation/upgrade logic** — Ensure the ability is set based on the plan.
+
+5. **Update the organization license claims** (if applicable) - to make the feature available on self-hosted instances.
+
+6. **Implement checks throughout client and server** — Use the ability consistently everywhere the feature is accessed.
+    - Clients: get the organization object from `OrganizationService`.
+    - Server: if you already have the full `Organization` object in scope, you can use it directly. If not, use the
+      `IApplicationCacheService` to retrieve the `OrganizationAbility`, which is a simplified, cached representation
+      of the organization ability flags. Note that some older flags may be missing from `OrganizationAbility` but
+      can be added if needed.
+
+## Existing Abilities
+
+For reference, here are some current organization ability flags (not a complete list):
+
+| Ability                  | Description                   | Plans             |
+|--------------------------|-------------------------------|-------------------|
+| `UseGroups`              | Group-based collection access | Teams, Enterprise |
+| `UseDirectory`           | Directory Connector sync      | Teams, Enterprise |
+| `UseEvents`              | Event logging                 | Teams, Enterprise |
+| `UseTotp`                | Authenticator (TOTP)          | Teams, Enterprise |
+| `UseSso`                 | Single Sign-On                | Enterprise        |
+| `UseScim`                | SCIM provisioning             | Teams, Enterprise |
+| `UsePolicies`            | Enterprise policies           | Enterprise        |
+| `UseResetPassword`       | Admin password reset          | Enterprise        |
+| `UseOrganizationDomains` | Domain verification/claiming  | Enterprise        |
+
+## Questions?
+
+If you're unsure whether your feature needs a new ability or which existing ability to use, reach out to your team lead
+or members of the Admin Console or Architecture teams. When in doubt, adding an explicit ability is almost always the
+right choice—it's easy to do and keeps our access control clean and maintainable.
diff --git a/src/Core/AdminConsole/OrganizationFeatures/OrganizationUsers/ConfirmOrganizationUserCommand.cs b/src/Core/AdminConsole/OrganizationFeatures/OrganizationUsers/ConfirmOrganizationUserCommand.cs
index 1a0cdc531c..3052d209c1 100644
--- a/src/Core/AdminConsole/OrganizationFeatures/OrganizationUsers/ConfirmOrganizationUserCommand.cs
+++ b/src/Core/AdminConsole/OrganizationFeatures/OrganizationUsers/ConfirmOrganizationUserCommand.cs
@@ -279,11 +279,6 @@ public class ConfirmOrganizationUserCommand : IConfirmOrganizationUserCommand
     /// <param name="defaultUserCollectionName">The encrypted default user collection name.</param>
     private async Task CreateDefaultCollectionAsync(OrganizationUser organizationUser, string defaultUserCollectionName)
     {
-        if (!_featureService.IsEnabled(FeatureFlagKeys.CreateDefaultLocation))
-        {
-            return;
-        }
-
         // Skip if no collection name provided (backwards compatibility)
         if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(defaultUserCollectionName))
         {
@@ -311,11 +306,6 @@ public class ConfirmOrganizationUserCommand : IConfirmOrganizationUserCommand
     private async Task CreateManyDefaultCollectionsAsync(Guid organizationId,
         IEnumerable<OrganizationUser> confirmedOrganizationUsers, string defaultUserCollectionName)
     {
-        if (!_featureService.IsEnabled(FeatureFlagKeys.CreateDefaultLocation))
-        {
-            return;
-        }
-
         // Skip if no collection name provided (backwards compatibility)
         if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(defaultUserCollectionName))
         {
diff --git a/src/Core/AdminConsole/OrganizationFeatures/Policies/PolicyValidators/OrganizationDataOwnershipPolicyValidator.cs b/src/Core/AdminConsole/OrganizationFeatures/Policies/PolicyValidators/OrganizationDataOwnershipPolicyValidator.cs
index 6f763b18be..104a5751ff 100644
--- a/src/Core/AdminConsole/OrganizationFeatures/Policies/PolicyValidators/OrganizationDataOwnershipPolicyValidator.cs
+++ b/src/Core/AdminConsole/OrganizationFeatures/Policies/PolicyValidators/OrganizationDataOwnershipPolicyValidator.cs
@@ -6,15 +6,13 @@ using Bit.Core.AdminConsole.OrganizationFeatures.Policies.PolicyRequirements;
 using Bit.Core.AdminConsole.OrganizationFeatures.Policies.PolicyUpdateEvents.Interfaces;
 using Bit.Core.AdminConsole.Repositories;
 using Bit.Core.Repositories;
-using Bit.Core.Services;
 
 namespace Bit.Core.AdminConsole.OrganizationFeatures.Policies.PolicyValidators;
 
 public class OrganizationDataOwnershipPolicyValidator(
     IPolicyRepository policyRepository,
     ICollectionRepository collectionRepository,
-    IEnumerable<IPolicyRequirementFactory<IPolicyRequirement>> factories,
-    IFeatureService featureService)
+    IEnumerable<IPolicyRequirementFactory<IPolicyRequirement>> factories)
     : OrganizationPolicyValidator(policyRepository, factories), IPostSavePolicySideEffect, IOnPolicyPostUpdateEvent
 {
     public PolicyType Type => PolicyType.OrganizationDataOwnership;
@@ -32,11 +30,6 @@ public class OrganizationDataOwnershipPolicyValidator(
         Policy postUpdatedPolicy,
         Policy? previousPolicyState)
     {
-        if (!featureService.IsEnabled(FeatureFlagKeys.CreateDefaultLocation))
-        {
-            return;
-        }
-
         if (policyRequest.Metadata is not OrganizationModelOwnershipPolicyModel metadata)
         {
             return;
diff --git a/src/Core/Billing/Extensions/ServiceCollectionExtensions.cs b/src/Core/Billing/Extensions/ServiceCollectionExtensions.cs
index 905f797bb4..3d63a35406 100644
--- a/src/Core/Billing/Extensions/ServiceCollectionExtensions.cs
+++ b/src/Core/Billing/Extensions/ServiceCollectionExtensions.cs
@@ -53,6 +53,7 @@ public static class ServiceCollectionExtensions
         services.AddScoped<ICreatePremiumCloudHostedSubscriptionCommand, CreatePremiumCloudHostedSubscriptionCommand>();
         services.AddScoped<ICreatePremiumSelfHostedSubscriptionCommand, CreatePremiumSelfHostedSubscriptionCommand>();
         services.AddTransient<IPreviewPremiumTaxCommand, PreviewPremiumTaxCommand>();
+        services.AddScoped<IUpdatePremiumStorageCommand, UpdatePremiumStorageCommand>();
     }
 
     private static void AddPremiumQueries(this IServiceCollection services)
diff --git a/src/Core/Billing/Premium/Commands/UpdatePremiumStorageCommand.cs b/src/Core/Billing/Premium/Commands/UpdatePremiumStorageCommand.cs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..610c112e08
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/Core/Billing/Premium/Commands/UpdatePremiumStorageCommand.cs
@@ -0,0 +1,144 @@
+using Bit.Core.Billing.Commands;
+using Bit.Core.Billing.Pricing;
+using Bit.Core.Billing.Services;
+using Bit.Core.Entities;
+using Bit.Core.Services;
+using Bit.Core.Utilities;
+using Microsoft.Extensions.Logging;
+using OneOf.Types;
+using Stripe;
+
+namespace Bit.Core.Billing.Premium.Commands;
+
+/// <summary>
+/// Updates the storage allocation for a premium user's subscription.
+/// Handles both increases and decreases in storage in an idempotent manner.
+/// </summary>
+public interface IUpdatePremiumStorageCommand
+{
+    /// <summary>
+    /// Updates the user's storage by the specified additional amount.
+    /// </summary>
+    /// <param name="user">The premium user whose storage should be updated.</param>
+    /// <param name="additionalStorageGb">The additional storage amount in GB beyond base storage.</param>
+    /// <returns>A billing command result indicating success or failure.</returns>
+    Task<BillingCommandResult<None>> Run(User user, short additionalStorageGb);
+}
+
+public class UpdatePremiumStorageCommand(
+    IStripeAdapter stripeAdapter,
+    IUserService userService,
+    IPricingClient pricingClient,
+    ILogger<UpdatePremiumStorageCommand> logger)
+    : BaseBillingCommand<UpdatePremiumStorageCommand>(logger), IUpdatePremiumStorageCommand
+{
+    public Task<BillingCommandResult<None>> Run(User user, short additionalStorageGb) => HandleAsync<None>(async () =>
+    {
+        if (!user.Premium)
+        {
+            return new BadRequest("User does not have a premium subscription.");
+        }
+
+        if (!user.MaxStorageGb.HasValue)
+        {
+            return new BadRequest("No access to storage.");
+        }
+
+        // Fetch all premium plans and the user's subscription to find which plan they're on
+        var premiumPlans = await pricingClient.ListPremiumPlans();
+        var subscription = await stripeAdapter.GetSubscriptionAsync(user.GatewaySubscriptionId);
+
+        // Find the password manager subscription item (seat, not storage) and match it to a plan
+        var passwordManagerItem = subscription.Items.Data.FirstOrDefault(i =>
+            premiumPlans.Any(p => p.Seat.StripePriceId == i.Price.Id));
+
+        if (passwordManagerItem == null)
+        {
+            return new BadRequest("Premium subscription item not found.");
+        }
+
+        var premiumPlan = premiumPlans.First(p => p.Seat.StripePriceId == passwordManagerItem.Price.Id);
+
+        var baseStorageGb = (short)premiumPlan.Storage.Provided;
+
+        if (additionalStorageGb < 0)
+        {
+            return new BadRequest("Additional storage cannot be negative.");
+        }
+
+        var newTotalStorageGb = (short)(baseStorageGb + additionalStorageGb);
+
+        if (newTotalStorageGb > 100)
+        {
+            return new BadRequest("Maximum storage is 100 GB.");
+        }
+
+        // Idempotency check: if user already has the requested storage, return success
+        if (user.MaxStorageGb == newTotalStorageGb)
+        {
+            return new None();
+        }
+
+        var remainingStorage = user.StorageBytesRemaining(newTotalStorageGb);
+        if (remainingStorage < 0)
+        {
+            return new BadRequest(
+                $"You are currently using {CoreHelpers.ReadableBytesSize(user.Storage.GetValueOrDefault(0))} of storage. " +
+                "Delete some stored data first.");
+        }
+
+        // Find the storage line item in the subscription
+        var storageItem = subscription.Items.Data.FirstOrDefault(i => i.Price.Id == premiumPlan.Storage.StripePriceId);
+
+        var subscriptionItemOptions = new List<SubscriptionItemOptions>();
+
+        if (additionalStorageGb > 0)
+        {
+            if (storageItem != null)
+            {
+                // Update existing storage item
+                subscriptionItemOptions.Add(new SubscriptionItemOptions
+                {
+                    Id = storageItem.Id,
+                    Price = premiumPlan.Storage.StripePriceId,
+                    Quantity = additionalStorageGb
+                });
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                // Add new storage item
+                subscriptionItemOptions.Add(new SubscriptionItemOptions
+                {
+                    Price = premiumPlan.Storage.StripePriceId,
+                    Quantity = additionalStorageGb
+                });
+            }
+        }
+        else if (storageItem != null)
+        {
+            // Remove storage item if setting to 0
+            subscriptionItemOptions.Add(new SubscriptionItemOptions
+            {
+                Id = storageItem.Id,
+                Deleted = true
+            });
+        }
+
+        // Update subscription with prorations
+        // Storage is billed annually, so we create prorations and invoice immediately
+        var subscriptionUpdateOptions = new SubscriptionUpdateOptions
+        {
+            Items = subscriptionItemOptions,
+            ProrationBehavior = Core.Constants.CreateProrations
+        };
+
+        await stripeAdapter.UpdateSubscriptionAsync(subscription.Id, subscriptionUpdateOptions);
+
+        // Update the user's max storage
+        user.MaxStorageGb = newTotalStorageGb;
+        await userService.SaveUserAsync(user);
+
+        // No payment intent needed - the subscription update will automatically create and finalize the invoice
+        return new None();
+    });
+}
diff --git a/src/Core/Constants.cs b/src/Core/Constants.cs
index 1002d2eb74..61c8d7931f 100644
--- a/src/Core/Constants.cs
+++ b/src/Core/Constants.cs
@@ -196,6 +196,7 @@ public static class FeatureFlagKeys
     public const string PM26462_Milestone_3 = "pm-26462-milestone-3";
     public const string PM28265_EnableReconcileAdditionalStorageJob = "pm-28265-enable-reconcile-additional-storage-job";
     public const string PM28265_ReconcileAdditionalStorageJobEnableLiveMode = "pm-28265-reconcile-additional-storage-job-enable-live-mode";
+    public const string PM29594_UpdateIndividualSubscriptionPage = "pm-29594-update-individual-subscription-page";
 
     /* Key Management Team */
     public const string PrivateKeyRegeneration = "pm-12241-private-key-regeneration";
diff --git a/src/Core/MailTemplates/Handlebars/Auth/SendAccessEmailOtpEmailv2.html.hbs b/src/Core/MailTemplates/Handlebars/Auth/SendAccessEmailOtpEmailv2.html.hbs
index 352bb447c8..7d30fdcbe4 100644
--- a/src/Core/MailTemplates/Handlebars/Auth/SendAccessEmailOtpEmailv2.html.hbs
+++ b/src/Core/MailTemplates/Handlebars/Auth/SendAccessEmailOtpEmailv2.html.hbs
@@ -660,8 +660,8 @@
       <p style="margin-top: 5px">
         Always confirm you are on a trusted Bitwarden domain before logging
         in:<br>
-        <a href="https://bitwarden.com/">bitwarden.com</a> |
-        <a href="https://bitwarden.com/help/emails-from-bitwarden/">Learn why we include this</a>
+        <a href="https://bitwarden.com/" style="text-decoration:none;color:#175ddc; font-weight:400">bitwarden.com</a> |
+        <a href="https://bitwarden.com/help/emails-from-bitwarden/" style="text-decoration:none; color:#175ddc; font-weight:400">Learn why we include this</a>
       </p></div>
     
                 </td>
diff --git a/src/Core/MailTemplates/Handlebars/MJML/AdminConsole/OrganizationConfirmation/organization-confirmation-enterprise-teams.html.hbs b/src/Core/MailTemplates/Handlebars/MJML/AdminConsole/OrganizationConfirmation/organization-confirmation-enterprise-teams.html.hbs
index be1a3854b5..29977724d4 100644
--- a/src/Core/MailTemplates/Handlebars/MJML/AdminConsole/OrganizationConfirmation/organization-confirmation-enterprise-teams.html.hbs
+++ b/src/Core/MailTemplates/Handlebars/MJML/AdminConsole/OrganizationConfirmation/organization-confirmation-enterprise-teams.html.hbs
@@ -784,8 +784,8 @@
       <p style="margin-top: 5px">
         Always confirm you are on a trusted Bitwarden domain before logging
         in:<br>
-        <a href="https://bitwarden.com/">bitwarden.com</a> |
-        <a href="https://bitwarden.com/help/emails-from-bitwarden/">Learn why we include this</a>
+        <a href="https://bitwarden.com/" style="text-decoration:none;color:#175ddc; font-weight:400">bitwarden.com</a> |
+        <a href="https://bitwarden.com/help/emails-from-bitwarden/" style="text-decoration:none; color:#175ddc; font-weight:400">Learn why we include this</a>
       </p></div>
     
                 </td>
diff --git a/src/Core/MailTemplates/Handlebars/MJML/AdminConsole/OrganizationConfirmation/organization-confirmation-family-free.html.hbs b/src/Core/MailTemplates/Handlebars/MJML/AdminConsole/OrganizationConfirmation/organization-confirmation-family-free.html.hbs
index b9984343d5..93d4b9cd9c 100644
--- a/src/Core/MailTemplates/Handlebars/MJML/AdminConsole/OrganizationConfirmation/organization-confirmation-family-free.html.hbs
+++ b/src/Core/MailTemplates/Handlebars/MJML/AdminConsole/OrganizationConfirmation/organization-confirmation-family-free.html.hbs
@@ -952,8 +952,8 @@
       <p style="margin-top: 5px">
         Always confirm you are on a trusted Bitwarden domain before logging
         in:<br>
-        <a href="https://bitwarden.com/">bitwarden.com</a> |
-        <a href="https://bitwarden.com/help/emails-from-bitwarden/">Learn why we include this</a>
+        <a href="https://bitwarden.com/" style="text-decoration:none;color:#175ddc; font-weight:400">bitwarden.com</a> |
+        <a href="https://bitwarden.com/help/emails-from-bitwarden/" style="text-decoration:none; color:#175ddc; font-weight:400">Learn why we include this</a>
       </p></div>
     
                 </td>
diff --git a/src/Core/MailTemplates/Handlebars/MJML/Auth/Onboarding/welcome-family-user.html.hbs b/src/Core/MailTemplates/Handlebars/MJML/Auth/Onboarding/welcome-family-user.html.hbs
index 1998cf10ba..b2b957f849 100644
--- a/src/Core/MailTemplates/Handlebars/MJML/Auth/Onboarding/welcome-family-user.html.hbs
+++ b/src/Core/MailTemplates/Handlebars/MJML/Auth/Onboarding/welcome-family-user.html.hbs
@@ -873,8 +873,8 @@
       <p style="margin-top: 5px">
         Always confirm you are on a trusted Bitwarden domain before logging
         in:<br>
-        <a href="https://bitwarden.com/">bitwarden.com</a> |
-        <a href="https://bitwarden.com/help/emails-from-bitwarden/">Learn why we include this</a>
+        <a href="https://bitwarden.com/" style="text-decoration:none;color:#175ddc; font-weight:400">bitwarden.com</a> |
+        <a href="https://bitwarden.com/help/emails-from-bitwarden/" style="text-decoration:none; color:#175ddc; font-weight:400">Learn why we include this</a>
       </p></div>
     
                 </td>
diff --git a/src/Core/MailTemplates/Handlebars/MJML/Auth/Onboarding/welcome-individual-user.html.hbs b/src/Core/MailTemplates/Handlebars/MJML/Auth/Onboarding/welcome-individual-user.html.hbs
index 2ad670383b..4cdf153c30 100644
--- a/src/Core/MailTemplates/Handlebars/MJML/Auth/Onboarding/welcome-individual-user.html.hbs
+++ b/src/Core/MailTemplates/Handlebars/MJML/Auth/Onboarding/welcome-individual-user.html.hbs
@@ -872,8 +872,8 @@
       <p style="margin-top: 5px">
         Always confirm you are on a trusted Bitwarden domain before logging
         in:<br>
-        <a href="https://bitwarden.com/">bitwarden.com</a> |
-        <a href="https://bitwarden.com/help/emails-from-bitwarden/">Learn why we include this</a>
+        <a href="https://bitwarden.com/" style="text-decoration:none;color:#175ddc; font-weight:400">bitwarden.com</a> |
+        <a href="https://bitwarden.com/help/emails-from-bitwarden/" style="text-decoration:none; color:#175ddc; font-weight:400">Learn why we include this</a>
       </p></div>
     
                 </td>
diff --git a/src/Core/MailTemplates/Handlebars/MJML/Auth/Onboarding/welcome-org-user.html.hbs b/src/Core/MailTemplates/Handlebars/MJML/Auth/Onboarding/welcome-org-user.html.hbs
index efcacf1866..5a8dfb7374 100644
--- a/src/Core/MailTemplates/Handlebars/MJML/Auth/Onboarding/welcome-org-user.html.hbs
+++ b/src/Core/MailTemplates/Handlebars/MJML/Auth/Onboarding/welcome-org-user.html.hbs
@@ -873,8 +873,8 @@
       <p style="margin-top: 5px">
         Always confirm you are on a trusted Bitwarden domain before logging
         in:<br>
-        <a href="https://bitwarden.com/">bitwarden.com</a> |
-        <a href="https://bitwarden.com/help/emails-from-bitwarden/">Learn why we include this</a>
+        <a href="https://bitwarden.com/" style="text-decoration:none;color:#175ddc; font-weight:400">bitwarden.com</a> |
+        <a href="https://bitwarden.com/help/emails-from-bitwarden/" style="text-decoration:none; color:#175ddc; font-weight:400">Learn why we include this</a>
       </p></div>
     
                 </td>
diff --git a/src/Core/MailTemplates/Mjml/components/footer.mjml b/src/Core/MailTemplates/Mjml/components/footer.mjml
index 4037d6c9ba..ddaf3f493b 100644
--- a/src/Core/MailTemplates/Mjml/components/footer.mjml
+++ b/src/Core/MailTemplates/Mjml/components/footer.mjml
@@ -45,8 +45,8 @@
       <p style="margin-top: 5px">
         Always confirm you are on a trusted Bitwarden domain before logging
         in:<br />
-        <a href="https://bitwarden.com/">bitwarden.com</a> |
-        <a href="https://bitwarden.com/help/emails-from-bitwarden/">Learn why we include this</a>
+        <a href="https://bitwarden.com/" style="text-decoration:none;color:#175ddc; font-weight:400">bitwarden.com</a> |
+        <a href="https://bitwarden.com/help/emails-from-bitwarden/" style="text-decoration:none; color:#175ddc; font-weight:400">Learn why we include this</a>
       </p>
     </mj-text>
   </mj-column>
diff --git a/test/Api.IntegrationTest/AdminConsole/Controllers/OrganizationUserControllerTests.cs b/test/Api.IntegrationTest/AdminConsole/Controllers/OrganizationUserControllerTests.cs
index 0fef4a0cd0..343178e7a2 100644
--- a/test/Api.IntegrationTest/AdminConsole/Controllers/OrganizationUserControllerTests.cs
+++ b/test/Api.IntegrationTest/AdminConsole/Controllers/OrganizationUserControllerTests.cs
@@ -5,7 +5,6 @@ using Bit.Api.IntegrationTest.Factories;
 using Bit.Api.IntegrationTest.Helpers;
 using Bit.Api.Models.Request;
 using Bit.Api.Models.Response;
-using Bit.Core;
 using Bit.Core.AdminConsole.Entities;
 using Bit.Core.AdminConsole.OrganizationFeatures.OrganizationUsers.DeleteClaimedAccount;
 using Bit.Core.AdminConsole.Repositories;
@@ -14,8 +13,6 @@ using Bit.Core.Entities;
 using Bit.Core.Enums;
 using Bit.Core.Models.Data;
 using Bit.Core.Repositories;
-using Bit.Core.Services;
-using NSubstitute;
 using Xunit;
 
 namespace Bit.Api.IntegrationTest.AdminConsole.Controllers;
@@ -28,12 +25,6 @@ public class OrganizationUserControllerTests : IClassFixture<ApiApplicationFacto
     public OrganizationUserControllerTests(ApiApplicationFactory apiFactory)
     {
         _factory = apiFactory;
-        _factory.SubstituteService<IFeatureService>(featureService =>
-        {
-            featureService
-                .IsEnabled(FeatureFlagKeys.CreateDefaultLocation)
-                .Returns(true);
-        });
         _client = _factory.CreateClient();
         _loginHelper = new LoginHelper(_factory, _client);
     }
diff --git a/test/Api.Test/Billing/Controllers/VNext/AccountBillingVNextControllerTests.cs b/test/Api.Test/Billing/Controllers/VNext/AccountBillingVNextControllerTests.cs
index b087a0fd6d..66d1a4d3e1 100644
--- a/test/Api.Test/Billing/Controllers/VNext/AccountBillingVNextControllerTests.cs
+++ b/test/Api.Test/Billing/Controllers/VNext/AccountBillingVNextControllerTests.cs
@@ -1,57 +1,245 @@
 using Bit.Api.Billing.Controllers.VNext;
+using Bit.Api.Billing.Models.Requests.Storage;
+using Bit.Core.Billing.Commands;
 using Bit.Core.Billing.Licenses.Queries;
-using Bit.Core.Billing.Payment.Commands;
-using Bit.Core.Billing.Payment.Queries;
 using Bit.Core.Billing.Premium.Commands;
 using Bit.Core.Entities;
 using Bit.Test.Common.AutoFixture.Attributes;
 using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Http;
 using NSubstitute;
+using OneOf.Types;
 using Xunit;
+using BadRequest = Bit.Core.Billing.Commands.BadRequest;
 
 namespace Bit.Api.Test.Billing.Controllers.VNext;
 
 public class AccountBillingVNextControllerTests
 {
-    private readonly ICreateBitPayInvoiceForCreditCommand _createBitPayInvoiceForCreditCommand;
-    private readonly ICreatePremiumCloudHostedSubscriptionCommand _createPremiumCloudHostedSubscriptionCommand;
-    private readonly IGetCreditQuery _getCreditQuery;
-    private readonly IGetPaymentMethodQuery _getPaymentMethodQuery;
+    private readonly IUpdatePremiumStorageCommand _updatePremiumStorageCommand;
     private readonly IGetUserLicenseQuery _getUserLicenseQuery;
-    private readonly IUpdatePaymentMethodCommand _updatePaymentMethodCommand;
     private readonly AccountBillingVNextController _sut;
 
     public AccountBillingVNextControllerTests()
     {
-        _createBitPayInvoiceForCreditCommand = Substitute.For<ICreateBitPayInvoiceForCreditCommand>();
-        _createPremiumCloudHostedSubscriptionCommand = Substitute.For<ICreatePremiumCloudHostedSubscriptionCommand>();
-        _getCreditQuery = Substitute.For<IGetCreditQuery>();
-        _getPaymentMethodQuery = Substitute.For<IGetPaymentMethodQuery>();
+        _updatePremiumStorageCommand = Substitute.For<IUpdatePremiumStorageCommand>();
         _getUserLicenseQuery = Substitute.For<IGetUserLicenseQuery>();
-        _updatePaymentMethodCommand = Substitute.For<IUpdatePaymentMethodCommand>();
 
         _sut = new AccountBillingVNextController(
-            _createBitPayInvoiceForCreditCommand,
-            _createPremiumCloudHostedSubscriptionCommand,
-            _getCreditQuery,
-            _getPaymentMethodQuery,
+            Substitute.For<Core.Billing.Payment.Commands.ICreateBitPayInvoiceForCreditCommand>(),
+            Substitute.For<Core.Billing.Premium.Commands.ICreatePremiumCloudHostedSubscriptionCommand>(),
+            Substitute.For<Core.Billing.Payment.Queries.IGetCreditQuery>(),
+            Substitute.For<Core.Billing.Payment.Queries.IGetPaymentMethodQuery>(),
             _getUserLicenseQuery,
-            _updatePaymentMethodCommand);
+            Substitute.For<Core.Billing.Payment.Commands.IUpdatePaymentMethodCommand>(),
+            _updatePremiumStorageCommand);
     }
 
     [Theory, BitAutoData]
-    public async Task GetLicenseAsync_ValidUser_ReturnsLicenseResponse(User user,
+    public async Task GetLicenseAsync_ValidUser_ReturnsLicenseResponse(
+        User user,
         Core.Billing.Licenses.Models.Api.Response.LicenseResponseModel licenseResponse)
     {
         // Arrange
         _getUserLicenseQuery.Run(user).Returns(licenseResponse);
-
         // Act
         var result = await _sut.GetLicenseAsync(user);
-
         // Assert
         var okResult = Assert.IsAssignableFrom<IResult>(result);
         await _getUserLicenseQuery.Received(1).Run(user);
     }
 
+    [Theory, BitAutoData]
+    public async Task UpdateStorageAsync_Success_ReturnsOk(User user)
+    {
+        // Arrange
+        var request = new StorageUpdateRequest { AdditionalStorageGb = 10 };
+
+        _updatePremiumStorageCommand.Run(
+            Arg.Is<User>(u => u.Id == user.Id),
+            Arg.Is<short>(s => s == 10))
+            .Returns(new BillingCommandResult<None>(new None()));
+
+        // Act
+        var result = await _sut.UpdateStorageAsync(user, request);
+
+        // Assert
+        var okResult = Assert.IsAssignableFrom<IResult>(result);
+        await _updatePremiumStorageCommand.Received(1).Run(user, 10);
+    }
+
+    [Theory, BitAutoData]
+    public async Task UpdateStorageAsync_UserNotPremium_ReturnsBadRequest(User user)
+    {
+        // Arrange
+        var request = new StorageUpdateRequest { AdditionalStorageGb = 10 };
+        var errorMessage = "User does not have a premium subscription.";
+
+        _updatePremiumStorageCommand.Run(
+            Arg.Is<User>(u => u.Id == user.Id),
+            Arg.Is<short>(s => s == 10))
+            .Returns(new BadRequest(errorMessage));
+
+        // Act
+        var result = await _sut.UpdateStorageAsync(user, request);
+
+        // Assert
+        var badRequestResult = Assert.IsAssignableFrom<IResult>(result);
+        await _updatePremiumStorageCommand.Received(1).Run(user, 10);
+    }
+
+    [Theory, BitAutoData]
+    public async Task UpdateStorageAsync_NoPaymentMethod_ReturnsBadRequest(User user)
+    {
+        // Arrange
+        var request = new StorageUpdateRequest { AdditionalStorageGb = 10 };
+        var errorMessage = "No payment method found.";
+
+        _updatePremiumStorageCommand.Run(
+            Arg.Is<User>(u => u.Id == user.Id),
+            Arg.Is<short>(s => s == 10))
+            .Returns(new BadRequest(errorMessage));
+
+        // Act
+        var result = await _sut.UpdateStorageAsync(user, request);
+
+        // Assert
+        var badRequestResult = Assert.IsAssignableFrom<IResult>(result);
+        await _updatePremiumStorageCommand.Received(1).Run(user, 10);
+    }
+
+    [Theory, BitAutoData]
+    public async Task UpdateStorageAsync_StorageLessThanBase_ReturnsBadRequest(User user)
+    {
+        // Arrange
+        var request = new StorageUpdateRequest { AdditionalStorageGb = 1 };
+        var errorMessage = "Storage cannot be less than the base amount of 1 GB.";
+
+        _updatePremiumStorageCommand.Run(
+            Arg.Is<User>(u => u.Id == user.Id),
+            Arg.Is<short>(s => s == 1))
+            .Returns(new BadRequest(errorMessage));
+
+        // Act
+        var result = await _sut.UpdateStorageAsync(user, request);
+
+        // Assert
+        var badRequestResult = Assert.IsAssignableFrom<IResult>(result);
+        await _updatePremiumStorageCommand.Received(1).Run(user, 1);
+    }
+
+    [Theory, BitAutoData]
+    public async Task UpdateStorageAsync_StorageExceedsMaximum_ReturnsBadRequest(User user)
+    {
+        // Arrange
+        var request = new StorageUpdateRequest { AdditionalStorageGb = 100 };
+        var errorMessage = "Maximum storage is 100 GB.";
+
+        _updatePremiumStorageCommand.Run(
+            Arg.Is<User>(u => u.Id == user.Id),
+            Arg.Is<short>(s => s == 100))
+            .Returns(new BadRequest(errorMessage));
+
+        // Act
+        var result = await _sut.UpdateStorageAsync(user, request);
+
+        // Assert
+        var badRequestResult = Assert.IsAssignableFrom<IResult>(result);
+        await _updatePremiumStorageCommand.Received(1).Run(user, 100);
+    }
+
+    [Theory, BitAutoData]
+    public async Task UpdateStorageAsync_StorageExceedsCurrentUsage_ReturnsBadRequest(User user)
+    {
+        // Arrange
+        var request = new StorageUpdateRequest { AdditionalStorageGb = 2 };
+        var errorMessage = "You are currently using 5.00 GB of storage. Delete some stored data first.";
+
+        _updatePremiumStorageCommand.Run(
+            Arg.Is<User>(u => u.Id == user.Id),
+            Arg.Is<short>(s => s == 2))
+            .Returns(new BadRequest(errorMessage));
+
+        // Act
+        var result = await _sut.UpdateStorageAsync(user, request);
+
+        // Assert
+        var badRequestResult = Assert.IsAssignableFrom<IResult>(result);
+        await _updatePremiumStorageCommand.Received(1).Run(user, 2);
+    }
+
+    [Theory, BitAutoData]
+    public async Task UpdateStorageAsync_IncreaseStorage_Success(User user)
+    {
+        // Arrange
+        var request = new StorageUpdateRequest { AdditionalStorageGb = 15 };
+
+        _updatePremiumStorageCommand.Run(
+            Arg.Is<User>(u => u.Id == user.Id),
+            Arg.Is<short>(s => s == 15))
+            .Returns(new BillingCommandResult<None>(new None()));
+
+        // Act
+        var result = await _sut.UpdateStorageAsync(user, request);
+
+        // Assert
+        var okResult = Assert.IsAssignableFrom<IResult>(result);
+        await _updatePremiumStorageCommand.Received(1).Run(user, 15);
+    }
+
+    [Theory, BitAutoData]
+    public async Task UpdateStorageAsync_DecreaseStorage_Success(User user)
+    {
+        // Arrange
+        var request = new StorageUpdateRequest { AdditionalStorageGb = 3 };
+
+        _updatePremiumStorageCommand.Run(
+            Arg.Is<User>(u => u.Id == user.Id),
+            Arg.Is<short>(s => s == 3))
+            .Returns(new BillingCommandResult<None>(new None()));
+
+        // Act
+        var result = await _sut.UpdateStorageAsync(user, request);
+
+        // Assert
+        var okResult = Assert.IsAssignableFrom<IResult>(result);
+        await _updatePremiumStorageCommand.Received(1).Run(user, 3);
+    }
+
+    [Theory, BitAutoData]
+    public async Task UpdateStorageAsync_MaximumStorage_Success(User user)
+    {
+        // Arrange
+        var request = new StorageUpdateRequest { AdditionalStorageGb = 100 };
+
+        _updatePremiumStorageCommand.Run(
+            Arg.Is<User>(u => u.Id == user.Id),
+            Arg.Is<short>(s => s == 100))
+            .Returns(new BillingCommandResult<None>(new None()));
+
+        // Act
+        var result = await _sut.UpdateStorageAsync(user, request);
+
+        // Assert
+        var okResult = Assert.IsAssignableFrom<IResult>(result);
+        await _updatePremiumStorageCommand.Received(1).Run(user, 100);
+    }
+
+    [Theory, BitAutoData]
+    public async Task UpdateStorageAsync_NullPaymentSecret_Success(User user)
+    {
+        // Arrange
+        var request = new StorageUpdateRequest { AdditionalStorageGb = 5 };
+
+        _updatePremiumStorageCommand.Run(
+            Arg.Is<User>(u => u.Id == user.Id),
+            Arg.Is<short>(s => s == 5))
+            .Returns(new BillingCommandResult<None>(new None()));
+
+        // Act
+        var result = await _sut.UpdateStorageAsync(user, request);
+
+        // Assert
+        var okResult = Assert.IsAssignableFrom<IResult>(result);
+        await _updatePremiumStorageCommand.Received(1).Run(user, 5);
+    }
 }
diff --git a/test/Core.Test/AdminConsole/OrganizationFeatures/OrganizationUsers/ConfirmOrganizationUserCommandTests.cs b/test/Core.Test/AdminConsole/OrganizationFeatures/OrganizationUsers/ConfirmOrganizationUserCommandTests.cs
index cf0e2c71eb..cca0e1f8ba 100644
--- a/test/Core.Test/AdminConsole/OrganizationFeatures/OrganizationUsers/ConfirmOrganizationUserCommandTests.cs
+++ b/test/Core.Test/AdminConsole/OrganizationFeatures/OrganizationUsers/ConfirmOrganizationUserCommandTests.cs
@@ -461,7 +461,7 @@ public class ConfirmOrganizationUserCommandTests
     }
 
     [Theory, BitAutoData]
-    public async Task ConfirmUserAsync_WithCreateDefaultLocationEnabled_WithOrganizationDataOwnershipPolicyApplicable_WithValidCollectionName_CreatesDefaultCollection(
+    public async Task ConfirmUserAsync_WithOrganizationDataOwnershipPolicyApplicable_WithValidCollectionName_CreatesDefaultCollection(
         Organization organization, OrganizationUser confirmingUser,
         [OrganizationUser(OrganizationUserStatusType.Accepted)] OrganizationUser orgUser, User user,
         string key, string collectionName, SutProvider<ConfirmOrganizationUserCommand> sutProvider)
@@ -474,8 +474,6 @@ public class ConfirmOrganizationUserCommandTests
         sutProvider.GetDependency<IOrganizationUserRepository>().GetManyAsync(default).ReturnsForAnyArgs(new[] { orgUser });
         sutProvider.GetDependency<IUserRepository>().GetManyAsync(default).ReturnsForAnyArgs(new[] { user });
 
-        sutProvider.GetDependency<IFeatureService>().IsEnabled(FeatureFlagKeys.CreateDefaultLocation).Returns(true);
-
         var policyDetails = new PolicyDetails
         {
             OrganizationId = organization.Id,
@@ -500,7 +498,7 @@ public class ConfirmOrganizationUserCommandTests
     }
 
     [Theory, BitAutoData]
-    public async Task ConfirmUserAsync_WithCreateDefaultLocationEnabled_WithOrganizationDataOwnershipPolicyApplicable_WithInvalidCollectionName_DoesNotCreateDefaultCollection(
+    public async Task ConfirmUserAsync_WithOrganizationDataOwnershipPolicyApplicable_WithInvalidCollectionName_DoesNotCreateDefaultCollection(
         Organization org, OrganizationUser confirmingUser,
         [OrganizationUser(OrganizationUserStatusType.Accepted)] OrganizationUser orgUser, User user,
         string key, SutProvider<ConfirmOrganizationUserCommand> sutProvider)
@@ -513,8 +511,6 @@ public class ConfirmOrganizationUserCommandTests
         sutProvider.GetDependency<IOrganizationRepository>().GetByIdAsync(org.Id).Returns(org);
         sutProvider.GetDependency<IUserRepository>().GetManyAsync(default).ReturnsForAnyArgs(new[] { user });
 
-        sutProvider.GetDependency<IFeatureService>().IsEnabled(FeatureFlagKeys.CreateDefaultLocation).Returns(true);
-
         await sutProvider.Sut.ConfirmUserAsync(orgUser.OrganizationId, orgUser.Id, key, confirmingUser.Id, "");
 
         await sutProvider.GetDependency<ICollectionRepository>()
@@ -523,7 +519,7 @@ public class ConfirmOrganizationUserCommandTests
     }
 
     [Theory, BitAutoData]
-    public async Task ConfirmUserAsync_WithCreateDefaultLocationEnabled_WithOrganizationDataOwnershipPolicyNotApplicable_DoesNotCreateDefaultCollection(
+    public async Task ConfirmUserAsync_WithOrganizationDataOwnershipPolicyNotApplicable_DoesNotCreateDefaultCollection(
         Organization org, OrganizationUser confirmingUser,
         [OrganizationUser(OrganizationUserStatusType.Accepted, OrganizationUserType.Owner)] OrganizationUser orgUser, User user,
         string key, string collectionName, SutProvider<ConfirmOrganizationUserCommand> sutProvider)
@@ -535,7 +531,6 @@ public class ConfirmOrganizationUserCommandTests
         sutProvider.GetDependency<IOrganizationRepository>().GetByIdAsync(org.Id).Returns(org);
         sutProvider.GetDependency<IOrganizationUserRepository>().GetManyAsync(default).ReturnsForAnyArgs(new[] { orgUser });
         sutProvider.GetDependency<IUserRepository>().GetManyAsync(default).ReturnsForAnyArgs(new[] { user });
-        sutProvider.GetDependency<IFeatureService>().IsEnabled(FeatureFlagKeys.CreateDefaultLocation).Returns(true);
 
         sutProvider.GetDependency<IPolicyRequirementQuery>()
             .GetAsync<OrganizationDataOwnershipPolicyRequirement>(orgUser.UserId!.Value)
diff --git a/test/Core.Test/AdminConsole/OrganizationFeatures/Policies/PolicyValidators/OrganizationDataOwnershipPolicyValidatorTests.cs b/test/Core.Test/AdminConsole/OrganizationFeatures/Policies/PolicyValidators/OrganizationDataOwnershipPolicyValidatorTests.cs
index 5d6bac0ead..d7415fbdab 100644
--- a/test/Core.Test/AdminConsole/OrganizationFeatures/Policies/PolicyValidators/OrganizationDataOwnershipPolicyValidatorTests.cs
+++ b/test/Core.Test/AdminConsole/OrganizationFeatures/Policies/PolicyValidators/OrganizationDataOwnershipPolicyValidatorTests.cs
@@ -6,7 +6,6 @@ using Bit.Core.AdminConsole.OrganizationFeatures.Policies.PolicyRequirements;
 using Bit.Core.AdminConsole.OrganizationFeatures.Policies.PolicyValidators;
 using Bit.Core.AdminConsole.Repositories;
 using Bit.Core.Repositories;
-using Bit.Core.Services;
 using Bit.Core.Test.AdminConsole.AutoFixture;
 using Bit.Test.Common.AutoFixture;
 using Bit.Test.Common.AutoFixture.Attributes;
@@ -20,29 +19,6 @@ public class OrganizationDataOwnershipPolicyValidatorTests
 {
     private const string _defaultUserCollectionName = "Default";
 
-    [Theory, BitAutoData]
-    public async Task ExecuteSideEffectsAsync_FeatureFlagDisabled_DoesNothing(
-        [PolicyUpdate(PolicyType.OrganizationDataOwnership, false)] PolicyUpdate policyUpdate,
-        [Policy(PolicyType.OrganizationDataOwnership, false)] Policy postUpdatedPolicy,
-        [Policy(PolicyType.OrganizationDataOwnership, false)] Policy previousPolicyState,
-        SutProvider<OrganizationDataOwnershipPolicyValidator> sutProvider)
-    {
-        // Arrange
-        sutProvider.GetDependency<IFeatureService>()
-            .IsEnabled(FeatureFlagKeys.CreateDefaultLocation)
-            .Returns(false);
-
-        var policyRequest = new SavePolicyModel(policyUpdate, new OrganizationModelOwnershipPolicyModel(_defaultUserCollectionName));
-
-        // Act
-        await sutProvider.Sut.ExecuteSideEffectsAsync(policyRequest, postUpdatedPolicy, previousPolicyState);
-
-        // Assert
-        await sutProvider.GetDependency<ICollectionRepository>()
-            .DidNotReceive()
-            .CreateDefaultCollectionsBulkAsync(Arg.Any<Guid>(), Arg.Any<IEnumerable<Guid>>(), Arg.Any<string>());
-    }
-
     [Theory, BitAutoData]
     public async Task ExecuteSideEffectsAsync_PolicyAlreadyEnabled_DoesNothing(
         [PolicyUpdate(PolicyType.OrganizationDataOwnership, true)] PolicyUpdate policyUpdate,
@@ -54,10 +30,6 @@ public class OrganizationDataOwnershipPolicyValidatorTests
         postUpdatedPolicy.OrganizationId = policyUpdate.OrganizationId;
         previousPolicyState.OrganizationId = policyUpdate.OrganizationId;
 
-        sutProvider.GetDependency<IFeatureService>()
-            .IsEnabled(FeatureFlagKeys.CreateDefaultLocation)
-            .Returns(true);
-
         var policyRequest = new SavePolicyModel(policyUpdate, new OrganizationModelOwnershipPolicyModel(_defaultUserCollectionName));
 
         // Act
@@ -80,10 +52,6 @@ public class OrganizationDataOwnershipPolicyValidatorTests
         previousPolicyState.OrganizationId = policyUpdate.OrganizationId;
         postUpdatedPolicy.OrganizationId = policyUpdate.OrganizationId;
 
-        sutProvider.GetDependency<IFeatureService>()
-            .IsEnabled(FeatureFlagKeys.CreateDefaultLocation)
-            .Returns(true);
-
         var policyRequest = new SavePolicyModel(policyUpdate, new OrganizationModelOwnershipPolicyModel(_defaultUserCollectionName));
 
         // Act
@@ -302,10 +270,6 @@ public class OrganizationDataOwnershipPolicyValidatorTests
         previousPolicyState.OrganizationId = policyUpdate.OrganizationId;
         policyUpdate.Enabled = true;
 
-        sutProvider.GetDependency<IFeatureService>()
-            .IsEnabled(FeatureFlagKeys.CreateDefaultLocation)
-            .Returns(true);
-
         var policyRequest = new SavePolicyModel(policyUpdate, metadata);
 
         // Act
@@ -332,39 +296,10 @@ public class OrganizationDataOwnershipPolicyValidatorTests
         IPolicyRepository policyRepository,
         ICollectionRepository collectionRepository)
     {
-
-        var featureService = Substitute.For<IFeatureService>();
-        featureService
-            .IsEnabled(FeatureFlagKeys.CreateDefaultLocation)
-            .Returns(true);
-
-        var sut = new OrganizationDataOwnershipPolicyValidator(policyRepository, collectionRepository, [factory], featureService);
+        var sut = new OrganizationDataOwnershipPolicyValidator(policyRepository, collectionRepository, [factory]);
         return sut;
     }
 
-    [Theory, BitAutoData]
-    public async Task ExecutePostUpsertSideEffectAsync_FeatureFlagDisabled_DoesNothing(
-        [PolicyUpdate(PolicyType.OrganizationDataOwnership, false)] PolicyUpdate policyUpdate,
-        [Policy(PolicyType.OrganizationDataOwnership, false)] Policy postUpdatedPolicy,
-        [Policy(PolicyType.OrganizationDataOwnership, false)] Policy previousPolicyState,
-        SutProvider<OrganizationDataOwnershipPolicyValidator> sutProvider)
-    {
-        // Arrange
-        sutProvider.GetDependency<IFeatureService>()
-            .IsEnabled(FeatureFlagKeys.CreateDefaultLocation)
-            .Returns(false);
-
-        var policyRequest = new SavePolicyModel(policyUpdate, new OrganizationModelOwnershipPolicyModel(_defaultUserCollectionName));
-
-        // Act
-        await sutProvider.Sut.ExecutePostUpsertSideEffectAsync(policyRequest, postUpdatedPolicy, previousPolicyState);
-
-        // Assert
-        await sutProvider.GetDependency<ICollectionRepository>()
-            .DidNotReceiveWithAnyArgs()
-            .CreateDefaultCollectionsBulkAsync(default, default, default);
-    }
-
     [Theory, BitAutoData]
     public async Task ExecutePostUpsertSideEffectAsync_PolicyAlreadyEnabled_DoesNothing(
         [PolicyUpdate(PolicyType.OrganizationDataOwnership, true)] PolicyUpdate policyUpdate,
@@ -376,10 +311,6 @@ public class OrganizationDataOwnershipPolicyValidatorTests
         postUpdatedPolicy.OrganizationId = policyUpdate.OrganizationId;
         previousPolicyState.OrganizationId = policyUpdate.OrganizationId;
 
-        sutProvider.GetDependency<IFeatureService>()
-            .IsEnabled(FeatureFlagKeys.CreateDefaultLocation)
-            .Returns(true);
-
         var policyRequest = new SavePolicyModel(policyUpdate, new OrganizationModelOwnershipPolicyModel(_defaultUserCollectionName));
 
         // Act
@@ -402,10 +333,6 @@ public class OrganizationDataOwnershipPolicyValidatorTests
         previousPolicyState.OrganizationId = policyUpdate.OrganizationId;
         postUpdatedPolicy.OrganizationId = policyUpdate.OrganizationId;
 
-        sutProvider.GetDependency<IFeatureService>()
-            .IsEnabled(FeatureFlagKeys.CreateDefaultLocation)
-            .Returns(true);
-
         var policyRequest = new SavePolicyModel(policyUpdate, new OrganizationModelOwnershipPolicyModel(_defaultUserCollectionName));
 
         // Act
@@ -500,10 +427,6 @@ public class OrganizationDataOwnershipPolicyValidatorTests
         previousPolicyState.OrganizationId = policyUpdate.OrganizationId;
         policyUpdate.Enabled = true;
 
-        sutProvider.GetDependency<IFeatureService>()
-            .IsEnabled(FeatureFlagKeys.CreateDefaultLocation)
-            .Returns(true);
-
         var policyRequest = new SavePolicyModel(policyUpdate, metadata);
 
         // Act
diff --git a/test/Core.Test/Billing/Payment/Commands/UpdateBillingAddressCommandTests.cs b/test/Core.Test/Billing/Payment/Commands/UpdateBillingAddressCommandTests.cs
index 5854d1c3b5..88728d4839 100644
--- a/test/Core.Test/Billing/Payment/Commands/UpdateBillingAddressCommandTests.cs
+++ b/test/Core.Test/Billing/Payment/Commands/UpdateBillingAddressCommandTests.cs
@@ -407,4 +407,85 @@ public class UpdateBillingAddressCommandTests
             options => options.Type == TaxIdType.SpanishNIF &&
                        options.Value == input.TaxId.Value));
     }
+
+    [Fact]
+    public async Task Run_BusinessOrganization_UpdatingWithSameTaxId_DeletesBeforeCreating()
+    {
+        var organization = new Organization
+        {
+            PlanType = PlanType.EnterpriseAnnually,
+            GatewayCustomerId = "cus_123",
+            GatewaySubscriptionId = "sub_123"
+        };
+
+        var input = new BillingAddress
+        {
+            Country = "US",
+            PostalCode = "12345",
+            Line1 = "123 Main St.",
+            Line2 = "Suite 100",
+            City = "New York",
+            State = "NY",
+            TaxId = new TaxID("us_ein", "987654321")
+        };
+
+        var existingTaxId = new TaxId { Id = "tax_id_123", Type = "us_ein", Value = "987654321" };
+
+        var customer = new Customer
+        {
+            Address = new Address
+            {
+                Country = "US",
+                PostalCode = "12345",
+                Line1 = "123 Main St.",
+                Line2 = "Suite 100",
+                City = "New York",
+                State = "NY"
+            },
+            Id = organization.GatewayCustomerId,
+            Subscriptions = new StripeList<Subscription>
+            {
+                Data =
+                [
+                    new Subscription
+                    {
+                        Id = organization.GatewaySubscriptionId,
+                        AutomaticTax = new SubscriptionAutomaticTax { Enabled = false }
+                    }
+                ]
+            },
+            TaxIds = new StripeList<TaxId>
+            {
+                Data = [existingTaxId]
+            }
+        };
+
+        _stripeAdapter.UpdateCustomerAsync(organization.GatewayCustomerId, Arg.Is<CustomerUpdateOptions>(options =>
+            options.Address.Matches(input) &&
+            options.HasExpansions("subscriptions", "tax_ids") &&
+            options.TaxExempt == TaxExempt.None
+        )).Returns(customer);
+
+        var newTaxId = new TaxId { Id = "tax_id_456", Type = "us_ein", Value = "987654321" };
+        _stripeAdapter.CreateTaxIdAsync(customer.Id, Arg.Is<TaxIdCreateOptions>(
+            options => options.Type == "us_ein" && options.Value == "987654321"
+        )).Returns(newTaxId);
+
+        var result = await _command.Run(organization, input);
+
+        Assert.True(result.IsT0);
+        var output = result.AsT0;
+        Assert.Equivalent(input, output);
+
+        // Verify that deletion happens before creation
+        Received.InOrder(() =>
+        {
+            _stripeAdapter.DeleteTaxIdAsync(customer.Id, existingTaxId.Id);
+            _stripeAdapter.CreateTaxIdAsync(customer.Id, Arg.Any<TaxIdCreateOptions>());
+        });
+
+        await _stripeAdapter.Received(1).DeleteTaxIdAsync(customer.Id, existingTaxId.Id);
+        await _stripeAdapter.Received(1).CreateTaxIdAsync(customer.Id, Arg.Is<TaxIdCreateOptions>(
+            options => options.Type == "us_ein" && options.Value == "987654321"));
+    }
 }
diff --git a/test/Core.Test/Billing/Premium/Commands/UpdatePremiumStorageCommandTests.cs b/test/Core.Test/Billing/Premium/Commands/UpdatePremiumStorageCommandTests.cs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..7e3ea562d6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/Core.Test/Billing/Premium/Commands/UpdatePremiumStorageCommandTests.cs
@@ -0,0 +1,339 @@
+using Bit.Core.Billing.Premium.Commands;
+using Bit.Core.Billing.Pricing;
+using Bit.Core.Billing.Services;
+using Bit.Core.Entities;
+using Bit.Core.Services;
+using Bit.Test.Common.AutoFixture.Attributes;
+using Microsoft.Extensions.Logging;
+using NSubstitute;
+using Stripe;
+using Xunit;
+using PremiumPlan = Bit.Core.Billing.Pricing.Premium.Plan;
+using PremiumPurchasable = Bit.Core.Billing.Pricing.Premium.Purchasable;
+
+namespace Bit.Core.Test.Billing.Premium.Commands;
+
+public class UpdatePremiumStorageCommandTests
+{
+    private readonly IStripeAdapter _stripeAdapter = Substitute.For<IStripeAdapter>();
+    private readonly IUserService _userService = Substitute.For<IUserService>();
+    private readonly IPricingClient _pricingClient = Substitute.For<IPricingClient>();
+    private readonly PremiumPlan _premiumPlan;
+    private readonly UpdatePremiumStorageCommand _command;
+
+    public UpdatePremiumStorageCommandTests()
+    {
+        // Setup default premium plan with standard pricing
+        _premiumPlan = new PremiumPlan
+        {
+            Name = "Premium",
+            Available = true,
+            LegacyYear = null,
+            Seat = new PremiumPurchasable { Price = 10M, StripePriceId = "price_premium", Provided = 1 },
+            Storage = new PremiumPurchasable { Price = 4M, StripePriceId = "price_storage", Provided = 1 }
+        };
+        _pricingClient.ListPremiumPlans().Returns(new List<PremiumPlan> { _premiumPlan });
+
+        _command = new UpdatePremiumStorageCommand(
+            _stripeAdapter,
+            _userService,
+            _pricingClient,
+            Substitute.For<ILogger<UpdatePremiumStorageCommand>>());
+    }
+
+    private Subscription CreateMockSubscription(string subscriptionId, int? storageQuantity = null)
+    {
+        var items = new List<SubscriptionItem>();
+
+        // Always add the seat item
+        items.Add(new SubscriptionItem
+        {
+            Id = "si_seat",
+            Price = new Price { Id = "price_premium" },
+            Quantity = 1
+        });
+
+        // Add storage item if quantity is provided
+        if (storageQuantity.HasValue && storageQuantity.Value > 0)
+        {
+            items.Add(new SubscriptionItem
+            {
+                Id = "si_storage",
+                Price = new Price { Id = "price_storage" },
+                Quantity = storageQuantity.Value
+            });
+        }
+
+        return new Subscription
+        {
+            Id = subscriptionId,
+            Items = new StripeList<SubscriptionItem>
+            {
+                Data = items
+            }
+        };
+    }
+
+    [Theory, BitAutoData]
+    public async Task Run_UserNotPremium_ReturnsBadRequest(User user)
+    {
+        // Arrange
+        user.Premium = false;
+
+        // Act
+        var result = await _command.Run(user, 5);
+
+        // Assert
+        Assert.True(result.IsT1);
+        var badRequest = result.AsT1;
+        Assert.Equal("User does not have a premium subscription.", badRequest.Response);
+    }
+
+    [Theory, BitAutoData]
+    public async Task Run_NegativeStorage_ReturnsBadRequest(User user)
+    {
+        // Arrange
+        user.Premium = true;
+        user.MaxStorageGb = 5;
+        user.GatewaySubscriptionId = "sub_123";
+
+        var subscription = CreateMockSubscription("sub_123", 4);
+        _stripeAdapter.GetSubscriptionAsync("sub_123").Returns(subscription);
+
+        // Act
+        var result = await _command.Run(user, -5);
+
+        // Assert
+        Assert.True(result.IsT1);
+        var badRequest = result.AsT1;
+        Assert.Equal("Additional storage cannot be negative.", badRequest.Response);
+    }
+
+    [Theory, BitAutoData]
+    public async Task Run_StorageExceedsMaximum_ReturnsBadRequest(User user)
+    {
+        // Arrange
+        user.Premium = true;
+        user.MaxStorageGb = 5;
+        user.GatewaySubscriptionId = "sub_123";
+
+        var subscription = CreateMockSubscription("sub_123", 4);
+        _stripeAdapter.GetSubscriptionAsync("sub_123").Returns(subscription);
+
+        // Act
+        var result = await _command.Run(user, 100);
+
+        // Assert
+        Assert.True(result.IsT1);
+        var badRequest = result.AsT1;
+        Assert.Equal("Maximum storage is 100 GB.", badRequest.Response);
+    }
+
+    [Theory, BitAutoData]
+    public async Task Run_NoMaxStorageGb_ReturnsBadRequest(User user)
+    {
+        // Arrange
+        user.Premium = true;
+        user.MaxStorageGb = null;
+
+        // Act
+        var result = await _command.Run(user, 5);
+
+        // Assert
+        Assert.True(result.IsT1);
+        var badRequest = result.AsT1;
+        Assert.Equal("No access to storage.", badRequest.Response);
+    }
+
+    [Theory, BitAutoData]
+    public async Task Run_StorageExceedsCurrentUsage_ReturnsBadRequest(User user)
+    {
+        // Arrange
+        user.Premium = true;
+        user.MaxStorageGb = 10;
+        user.Storage = 5L * 1024 * 1024 * 1024; // 5 GB currently used
+        user.GatewaySubscriptionId = "sub_123";
+
+        var subscription = CreateMockSubscription("sub_123", 9);
+        _stripeAdapter.GetSubscriptionAsync("sub_123").Returns(subscription);
+
+        // Act
+        var result = await _command.Run(user, 0);
+
+        // Assert
+        Assert.True(result.IsT1);
+        var badRequest = result.AsT1;
+        Assert.Contains("You are currently using", badRequest.Response);
+        Assert.Contains("Delete some stored data first", badRequest.Response);
+    }
+
+    [Theory, BitAutoData]
+    public async Task Run_SameStorageAmount_Idempotent(User user)
+    {
+        // Arrange
+        user.Premium = true;
+        user.MaxStorageGb = 5;
+        user.Storage = 2L * 1024 * 1024 * 1024;
+        user.GatewaySubscriptionId = "sub_123";
+
+        var subscription = CreateMockSubscription("sub_123", 4);
+        _stripeAdapter.GetSubscriptionAsync("sub_123").Returns(subscription);
+
+        // Act
+        var result = await _command.Run(user, 4);
+
+        // Assert
+        Assert.True(result.IsT0);
+
+        // Verify subscription was fetched but NOT updated
+        await _stripeAdapter.Received(1).GetSubscriptionAsync("sub_123");
+        await _stripeAdapter.DidNotReceive().UpdateSubscriptionAsync(Arg.Any<string>(), Arg.Any<SubscriptionUpdateOptions>());
+        await _userService.DidNotReceive().SaveUserAsync(Arg.Any<User>());
+    }
+
+    [Theory, BitAutoData]
+    public async Task Run_IncreaseStorage_Success(User user)
+    {
+        // Arrange
+        user.Premium = true;
+        user.MaxStorageGb = 5;
+        user.Storage = 2L * 1024 * 1024 * 1024;
+        user.GatewaySubscriptionId = "sub_123";
+
+        var subscription = CreateMockSubscription("sub_123", 4);
+        _stripeAdapter.GetSubscriptionAsync("sub_123").Returns(subscription);
+
+        // Act
+        var result = await _command.Run(user, 9);
+
+        // Assert
+        Assert.True(result.IsT0);
+
+        // Verify subscription was updated
+        await _stripeAdapter.Received(1).UpdateSubscriptionAsync(
+            "sub_123",
+            Arg.Is<SubscriptionUpdateOptions>(opts =>
+                opts.Items.Count == 1 &&
+                opts.Items[0].Id == "si_storage" &&
+                opts.Items[0].Quantity == 9 &&
+                opts.ProrationBehavior == "create_prorations"));
+
+        // Verify user was saved
+        await _userService.Received(1).SaveUserAsync(Arg.Is<User>(u =>
+            u.Id == user.Id &&
+            u.MaxStorageGb == 10));
+    }
+
+    [Theory, BitAutoData]
+    public async Task Run_AddStorageFromZero_Success(User user)
+    {
+        // Arrange
+        user.Premium = true;
+        user.MaxStorageGb = 1;
+        user.Storage = 500L * 1024 * 1024;
+        user.GatewaySubscriptionId = "sub_123";
+
+        var subscription = CreateMockSubscription("sub_123", null);
+        _stripeAdapter.GetSubscriptionAsync("sub_123").Returns(subscription);
+
+        // Act
+        var result = await _command.Run(user, 9);
+
+        // Assert
+        Assert.True(result.IsT0);
+
+        // Verify subscription was updated with new storage item
+        await _stripeAdapter.Received(1).UpdateSubscriptionAsync(
+            "sub_123",
+            Arg.Is<SubscriptionUpdateOptions>(opts =>
+                opts.Items.Count == 1 &&
+                opts.Items[0].Price == "price_storage" &&
+                opts.Items[0].Quantity == 9));
+
+        await _userService.Received(1).SaveUserAsync(Arg.Is<User>(u => u.MaxStorageGb == 10));
+    }
+
+    [Theory, BitAutoData]
+    public async Task Run_DecreaseStorage_Success(User user)
+    {
+        // Arrange
+        user.Premium = true;
+        user.MaxStorageGb = 10;
+        user.Storage = 2L * 1024 * 1024 * 1024;
+        user.GatewaySubscriptionId = "sub_123";
+
+        var subscription = CreateMockSubscription("sub_123", 9);
+        _stripeAdapter.GetSubscriptionAsync("sub_123").Returns(subscription);
+
+        // Act
+        var result = await _command.Run(user, 2);
+
+        // Assert
+        Assert.True(result.IsT0);
+
+        // Verify subscription was updated
+        await _stripeAdapter.Received(1).UpdateSubscriptionAsync(
+            "sub_123",
+            Arg.Is<SubscriptionUpdateOptions>(opts =>
+                opts.Items.Count == 1 &&
+                opts.Items[0].Id == "si_storage" &&
+                opts.Items[0].Quantity == 2));
+
+        await _userService.Received(1).SaveUserAsync(Arg.Is<User>(u => u.MaxStorageGb == 3));
+    }
+
+    [Theory, BitAutoData]
+    public async Task Run_RemoveAllAdditionalStorage_Success(User user)
+    {
+        // Arrange
+        user.Premium = true;
+        user.MaxStorageGb = 10;
+        user.Storage = 500L * 1024 * 1024;
+        user.GatewaySubscriptionId = "sub_123";
+
+        var subscription = CreateMockSubscription("sub_123", 9);
+        _stripeAdapter.GetSubscriptionAsync("sub_123").Returns(subscription);
+
+        // Act
+        var result = await _command.Run(user, 0);
+
+        // Assert
+        Assert.True(result.IsT0);
+
+        // Verify subscription item was deleted
+        await _stripeAdapter.Received(1).UpdateSubscriptionAsync(
+            "sub_123",
+            Arg.Is<SubscriptionUpdateOptions>(opts =>
+                opts.Items.Count == 1 &&
+                opts.Items[0].Id == "si_storage" &&
+                opts.Items[0].Deleted == true));
+
+        await _userService.Received(1).SaveUserAsync(Arg.Is<User>(u => u.MaxStorageGb == 1));
+    }
+
+    [Theory, BitAutoData]
+    public async Task Run_MaximumStorage_Success(User user)
+    {
+        // Arrange
+        user.Premium = true;
+        user.MaxStorageGb = 5;
+        user.Storage = 2L * 1024 * 1024 * 1024;
+        user.GatewaySubscriptionId = "sub_123";
+
+        var subscription = CreateMockSubscription("sub_123", 4);
+        _stripeAdapter.GetSubscriptionAsync("sub_123").Returns(subscription);
+
+        // Act
+        var result = await _command.Run(user, 99);
+
+        // Assert
+        Assert.True(result.IsT0);
+
+        await _stripeAdapter.Received(1).UpdateSubscriptionAsync(
+            "sub_123",
+            Arg.Is<SubscriptionUpdateOptions>(opts =>
+                opts.Items[0].Quantity == 99));
+
+        await _userService.Received(1).SaveUserAsync(Arg.Is<User>(u => u.MaxStorageGb == 100));
+    }
+}