[PM-24192] Move account recovery logic to command (#6184)

* Move account recovery logic to command
  (temporarily duplicated behind feature flag)

* Move permission checks to authorization handler

* Prevent user from recovering provider member account
  unless they are also provider member

src/Api/AdminConsole/Authorization/AuthorizationHandlerCollectionExtensions.cs

@@ -13,9 +13,10 @@ public static class AuthorizationHandlerCollectionExtensions
 
         services.TryAddEnumerable([
                 ServiceDescriptor.Scoped<IAuthorizationHandler, BulkCollectionAuthorizationHandler>(),
-            ServiceDescriptor.Scoped<IAuthorizationHandler, CollectionAuthorizationHandler>(),
-            ServiceDescriptor.Scoped<IAuthorizationHandler, GroupAuthorizationHandler>(),
-            ServiceDescriptor.Scoped<IAuthorizationHandler, OrganizationRequirementHandler>(),
-        ]);
+                ServiceDescriptor.Scoped<IAuthorizationHandler, CollectionAuthorizationHandler>(),
+                ServiceDescriptor.Scoped<IAuthorizationHandler, GroupAuthorizationHandler>(),
+                ServiceDescriptor.Scoped<IAuthorizationHandler, OrganizationRequirementHandler>(),
+                ServiceDescriptor.Scoped<IAuthorizationHandler, RecoverAccountAuthorizationHandler>(),
+            ]);
     }
 }

src/Api/AdminConsole/Authorization/RecoverAccountAuthorizationHandler.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,110 @@
+using System.Security.Claims;
+using Bit.Core.AdminConsole.Repositories;
+using Bit.Core.Context;
+using Bit.Core.Entities;
+using Bit.Core.Enums;
+using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Authorization;
+
+namespace Bit.Api.AdminConsole.Authorization;
+
+/// <summary>
+/// An authorization requirement for recovering an organization member's account.
+/// </summary>
+/// <remarks>
+/// Note: this is different to simply being able to manage account recovery. The user must be recovering
+/// a member who has equal or lesser permissions than them.
+/// </remarks>
+public class RecoverAccountAuthorizationRequirement : IAuthorizationRequirement;
+
+/// <summary>
+/// Authorizes members and providers to recover a target OrganizationUser's account.
+/// </summary>
+/// <remarks>
+/// This prevents privilege escalation by ensuring that a user cannot recover the account of
+/// another user with a higher role or with provider membership.
+/// </remarks>
+public class RecoverAccountAuthorizationHandler(
+    IOrganizationContext organizationContext,
+    ICurrentContext currentContext,
+    IProviderUserRepository providerUserRepository)
+    : AuthorizationHandler<RecoverAccountAuthorizationRequirement, OrganizationUser>
+{
+    public const string FailureReason = "You are not permitted to recover this user's account.";
+    public const string ProviderFailureReason = "You are not permitted to recover a Provider member's account.";
+
+    protected override async Task HandleRequirementAsync(AuthorizationHandlerContext context,
+        RecoverAccountAuthorizationRequirement requirement,
+        OrganizationUser targetOrganizationUser)
+    {
+        // Step 1: check that the User has permissions with respect to the organization.
+        // This may come from their role in the organization or their provider relationship.
+        var canRecoverOrganizationMember =
+            AuthorizeMember(context.User, targetOrganizationUser) ||
+            await AuthorizeProviderAsync(context.User, targetOrganizationUser);
+
+        if (!canRecoverOrganizationMember)
+        {
+            context.Fail(new AuthorizationFailureReason(this, FailureReason));
+            return;
+        }
+
+        // Step 2: check that the User has permissions with respect to any provider the target user is a member of.
+        // This prevents an organization admin performing privilege escalation into an unrelated provider.
+        var canRecoverProviderMember = await CanRecoverProviderAsync(targetOrganizationUser);
+        if (!canRecoverProviderMember)
+        {
+            context.Fail(new AuthorizationFailureReason(this, ProviderFailureReason));
+            return;
+        }
+
+        context.Succeed(requirement);
+    }
+
+    private async Task<bool> AuthorizeProviderAsync(ClaimsPrincipal currentUser, OrganizationUser targetOrganizationUser)
+    {
+        return await organizationContext.IsProviderUserForOrganization(currentUser, targetOrganizationUser.OrganizationId);
+    }
+
+    private bool AuthorizeMember(ClaimsPrincipal currentUser, OrganizationUser targetOrganizationUser)
+    {
+        var currentContextOrganization = organizationContext.GetOrganizationClaims(currentUser, targetOrganizationUser.OrganizationId);
+        if (currentContextOrganization == null)
+        {
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        // Current user must have equal or greater permissions than the user account being recovered
+        var authorized = targetOrganizationUser.Type switch
+        {
+            OrganizationUserType.Owner => currentContextOrganization.Type is OrganizationUserType.Owner,
+            OrganizationUserType.Admin => currentContextOrganization.Type is OrganizationUserType.Owner or OrganizationUserType.Admin,
+            _ => currentContextOrganization is
+            { Type: OrganizationUserType.Owner or OrganizationUserType.Admin }
+                or { Type: OrganizationUserType.Custom, Permissions.ManageResetPassword: true }
+        };
+
+        return authorized;
+    }
+
+    private async Task<bool> CanRecoverProviderAsync(OrganizationUser targetOrganizationUser)
+    {
+        if (!targetOrganizationUser.UserId.HasValue)
+        {
+            // If an OrganizationUser is not linked to a User then it can't be linked to a Provider either.
+            // This is invalid but does not pose a privilege escalation risk. Return early and let the command
+            // handle the invalid input.
+            return true;
+        }
+
+        var targetUserProviderUsers =
+            await providerUserRepository.GetManyByUserAsync(targetOrganizationUser.UserId.Value);
+
+        // If the target user belongs to any provider that the current user is not a member of,
+        // deny the action to prevent privilege escalation from organization to provider.
+        // Note: we do not expect that a user is a member of more than 1 provider, but there is also no guarantee
+        // against it; this returns a sequence, so we handle the possibility.
+        var authorized = targetUserProviderUsers.All(providerUser => currentContext.ProviderUser(providerUser.ProviderId));
+        return authorized;
+    }
+}
+

src/Api/AdminConsole/Controllers/OrganizationUsersController.cs

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 // FIXME: Update this file to be null safe and then delete the line below
+// NOTE: This file is partially migrated to nullable reference types. Remove inline #nullable directives when addressing the FIXME.
 #nullable disable
 
 using Bit.Api.AdminConsole.Authorization;
@@ -11,6 +12,7 @@ using Bit.Api.Vault.AuthorizationHandlers.Collections;
 using Bit.Core;
 using Bit.Core.AdminConsole.Enums;
 using Bit.Core.AdminConsole.Models.Data.Organizations.Policies;
+using Bit.Core.AdminConsole.OrganizationFeatures.AccountRecovery;
 using Bit.Core.AdminConsole.OrganizationFeatures.OrganizationUsers.DeleteClaimedAccount;
 using Bit.Core.AdminConsole.OrganizationFeatures.OrganizationUsers.Interfaces;
 using Bit.Core.AdminConsole.OrganizationFeatures.OrganizationUsers.InviteUsers;
@@ -70,6 +72,7 @@ public class OrganizationUsersController : Controller
     private readonly IRestoreOrganizationUserCommand _restoreOrganizationUserCommand;
     private readonly IInitPendingOrganizationCommand _initPendingOrganizationCommand;
     private readonly IRevokeOrganizationUserCommand _revokeOrganizationUserCommand;
+    private readonly IAdminRecoverAccountCommand _adminRecoverAccountCommand;
 
     public OrganizationUsersController(IOrganizationRepository organizationRepository,
         IOrganizationUserRepository organizationUserRepository,
@@ -97,7 +100,8 @@ public class OrganizationUsersController : Controller
         IRestoreOrganizationUserCommand restoreOrganizationUserCommand,
         IInitPendingOrganizationCommand initPendingOrganizationCommand,
         IRevokeOrganizationUserCommand revokeOrganizationUserCommand,
-        IResendOrganizationInviteCommand resendOrganizationInviteCommand)
+        IResendOrganizationInviteCommand resendOrganizationInviteCommand,
+        IAdminRecoverAccountCommand adminRecoverAccountCommand)
     {
         _organizationRepository = organizationRepository;
         _organizationUserRepository = organizationUserRepository;
@@ -126,6 +130,7 @@ public class OrganizationUsersController : Controller
         _restoreOrganizationUserCommand = restoreOrganizationUserCommand;
         _initPendingOrganizationCommand = initPendingOrganizationCommand;
         _revokeOrganizationUserCommand = revokeOrganizationUserCommand;
+        _adminRecoverAccountCommand = adminRecoverAccountCommand;
     }
 
     [HttpGet("{id}")]
@@ -474,21 +479,27 @@ public class OrganizationUsersController : Controller
 
     [HttpPut("{id}/reset-password")]
     [Authorize<ManageAccountRecoveryRequirement>]
-    public async Task PutResetPassword(Guid orgId, Guid id, [FromBody] OrganizationUserResetPasswordRequestModel model)
+    public async Task<IResult> PutResetPassword(Guid orgId, Guid id, [FromBody] OrganizationUserResetPasswordRequestModel model)
     {
+        if (_featureService.IsEnabled(FeatureFlagKeys.AccountRecoveryCommand))
+        {
+            // TODO: remove legacy implementation after feature flag is enabled.
+            return await PutResetPasswordNew(orgId, id, model);
+        }
+
         // Get the users role, since provider users aren't a member of the organization we use the owner check
         var orgUserType = await _currentContext.OrganizationOwner(orgId)
             ? OrganizationUserType.Owner
             : _currentContext.Organizations?.FirstOrDefault(o => o.Id == orgId)?.Type;
         if (orgUserType == null)
         {
-            throw new NotFoundException();
+            return TypedResults.NotFound();
         }
 
         var result = await _userService.AdminResetPasswordAsync(orgUserType.Value, orgId, id, model.NewMasterPasswordHash, model.Key);
         if (result.Succeeded)
         {
-            return;
+            return TypedResults.Ok();
         }
 
         foreach (var error in result.Errors)
@@ -497,9 +508,45 @@ public class OrganizationUsersController : Controller
         }
 
         await Task.Delay(2000);
-        throw new BadRequestException(ModelState);
+        return TypedResults.BadRequest(ModelState);
     }
 
+#nullable enable
+    // TODO: make sure the route and authorize attributes are maintained when the legacy implementation is removed.
+    private async Task<IResult> PutResetPasswordNew(Guid orgId, Guid id, [FromBody] OrganizationUserResetPasswordRequestModel model)
+    {
+        var targetOrganizationUser = await _organizationUserRepository.GetByIdAsync(id);
+        if (targetOrganizationUser == null || targetOrganizationUser.OrganizationId != orgId)
+        {
+            return TypedResults.NotFound();
+        }
+
+        var authorizationResult = await _authorizationService.AuthorizeAsync(User, targetOrganizationUser, new RecoverAccountAuthorizationRequirement());
+        if (!authorizationResult.Succeeded)
+        {
+            // Return an informative error to show in the UI.
+            // The Authorize attribute already prevents enumeration by users outside the organization, so this can be specific.
+            var failureReason = authorizationResult.Failure?.FailureReasons.FirstOrDefault()?.Message ?? RecoverAccountAuthorizationHandler.FailureReason;
+            // This should be a 403 Forbidden, but that causes a logout on our client apps so we're using 400 Bad Request instead
+            return TypedResults.BadRequest(new ErrorResponseModel(failureReason));
+        }
+
+        var result = await _adminRecoverAccountCommand.RecoverAccountAsync(orgId, targetOrganizationUser, model.NewMasterPasswordHash, model.Key);
+        if (result.Succeeded)
+        {
+            return TypedResults.Ok();
+        }
+
+        foreach (var error in result.Errors)
+        {
+            ModelState.AddModelError(string.Empty, error.Description);
+        }
+
+        await Task.Delay(2000);
+        return TypedResults.BadRequest(ModelState);
+    }
+#nullable disable
+
     [HttpDelete("{id}")]
     [Authorize<ManageUsersRequirement>]
     public async Task Remove(Guid orgId, Guid id)

src/Core/AdminConsole/OrganizationFeatures/AccountRecovery/AdminRecoverAccountCommand.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,79 @@
+using Bit.Core.AdminConsole.Enums;
+using Bit.Core.AdminConsole.Repositories;
+using Bit.Core.Entities;
+using Bit.Core.Enums;
+using Bit.Core.Exceptions;
+using Bit.Core.Platform.Push;
+using Bit.Core.Repositories;
+using Bit.Core.Services;
+using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity;
+
+namespace Bit.Core.AdminConsole.OrganizationFeatures.AccountRecovery;
+
+public class AdminRecoverAccountCommand(IOrganizationRepository organizationRepository,
+    IPolicyRepository policyRepository,
+    IUserRepository userRepository,
+    IMailService mailService,
+    IEventService eventService,
+    IPushNotificationService pushNotificationService,
+    IUserService userService,
+    TimeProvider timeProvider) : IAdminRecoverAccountCommand
+{
+    public async Task<IdentityResult> RecoverAccountAsync(Guid orgId,
+        OrganizationUser organizationUser, string newMasterPassword, string key)
+    {
+        // Org must be able to use reset password
+        var org = await organizationRepository.GetByIdAsync(orgId);
+        if (org == null || !org.UseResetPassword)
+        {
+            throw new BadRequestException("Organization does not allow password reset.");
+        }
+
+        // Enterprise policy must be enabled
+        var resetPasswordPolicy =
+            await policyRepository.GetByOrganizationIdTypeAsync(orgId, PolicyType.ResetPassword);
+        if (resetPasswordPolicy == null || !resetPasswordPolicy.Enabled)
+        {
+            throw new BadRequestException("Organization does not have the password reset policy enabled.");
+        }
+
+        // Org User must be confirmed and have a ResetPasswordKey
+        if (organizationUser == null ||
+            organizationUser.Status != OrganizationUserStatusType.Confirmed ||
+            organizationUser.OrganizationId != orgId ||
+            string.IsNullOrEmpty(organizationUser.ResetPasswordKey) ||
+            !organizationUser.UserId.HasValue)
+        {
+            throw new BadRequestException("Organization User not valid");
+        }
+
+        var user = await userService.GetUserByIdAsync(organizationUser.UserId.Value);
+        if (user == null)
+        {
+            throw new NotFoundException();
+        }
+
+        if (user.UsesKeyConnector)
+        {
+            throw new BadRequestException("Cannot reset password of a user with Key Connector.");
+        }
+
+        var result = await userService.UpdatePasswordHash(user, newMasterPassword);
+        if (!result.Succeeded)
+        {
+            return result;
+        }
+
+        user.RevisionDate = user.AccountRevisionDate = timeProvider.GetUtcNow().UtcDateTime;
+        user.LastPasswordChangeDate = user.RevisionDate;
+        user.ForcePasswordReset = true;
+        user.Key = key;
+
+        await userRepository.ReplaceAsync(user);
+        await mailService.SendAdminResetPasswordEmailAsync(user.Email, user.Name, org.DisplayName());
+        await eventService.LogOrganizationUserEventAsync(organizationUser, EventType.OrganizationUser_AdminResetPassword);
+        await pushNotificationService.PushLogOutAsync(user.Id);
+
+        return IdentityResult.Success;
+    }
+}

src/Core/AdminConsole/OrganizationFeatures/AccountRecovery/IAdminRecoverAccountCommand.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+using Bit.Core.Entities;
+using Bit.Core.Exceptions;
+using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity;
+
+namespace Bit.Core.AdminConsole.OrganizationFeatures.AccountRecovery;
+
+/// <summary>
+/// A command used to recover an organization user's account by an organization admin.
+/// </summary>
+public interface IAdminRecoverAccountCommand
+{
+    /// <summary>
+    /// Recovers an organization user's account by resetting their master password.
+    /// </summary>
+    /// <param name="orgId">The organization the user belongs to.</param>
+    /// <param name="organizationUser">The organization user being recovered.</param>
+    /// <param name="newMasterPassword">The user's new master password hash.</param>
+    /// <param name="key">The user's new master-password-sealed user key.</param>
+    /// <returns>An IdentityResult indicating success or failure.</returns>
+    /// <exception cref="BadRequestException">When organization settings, policy, or user state is invalid.</exception>
+    /// <exception cref="NotFoundException">When the user does not exist.</exception>
+    Task<IdentityResult> RecoverAccountAsync(Guid orgId, OrganizationUser organizationUser,
+        string newMasterPassword, string key);
+}

src/Core/Constants.cs

@@ -142,6 +142,7 @@ public static class FeatureFlagKeys
     public const string CreateDefaultLocation = "pm-19467-create-default-location";
     public const string AutomaticConfirmUsers = "pm-19934-auto-confirm-organization-users";
     public const string PM23845_VNextApplicationCache = "pm-24957-refactor-memory-application-cache";
+    public const string AccountRecoveryCommand = "pm-24192-account-recovery-command";
 
     /* Auth Team */
     public const string TwoFactorExtensionDataPersistence = "pm-9115-two-factor-extension-data-persistence";

src/Core/Context/ICurrentContext.cs

@@ -1,6 +1,4 @@
-#nullable enable
-
-using System.Security.Claims;
+using System.Security.Claims;
 using Bit.Core.AdminConsole.Context;
 using Bit.Core.AdminConsole.Repositories;
 using Bit.Core.Auth.Identity;
@@ -12,6 +10,14 @@ using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Http;
 
 namespace Bit.Core.Context;
 
+/// <summary>
+/// Provides information about the current HTTP request and the currently authenticated user (if any).
+/// This is often (but not exclusively) parsed from the JWT in the current request.
+/// </summary>
+/// <remarks>
+/// This interface suffers from having too much responsibility; consider whether any new code can go in a more
+/// specific class rather than adding it here.
+/// </remarks>
 public interface ICurrentContext
 {
     HttpContext HttpContext { get; set; }
@@ -59,8 +65,20 @@ public interface ICurrentContext
     Task<bool> EditSubscription(Guid orgId);
     Task<bool> EditPaymentMethods(Guid orgId);
     Task<bool> ViewBillingHistory(Guid orgId);
+    /// <summary>
+    /// Returns true if the current user is a member of a provider that manages the specified organization.
+    /// This generally gives the user administrative privileges for the organization.
+    /// </summary>
+    /// <param name="orgId"></param>
+    /// <returns></returns>
     Task<bool> ProviderUserForOrgAsync(Guid orgId);
+    /// <summary>
+    /// Returns true if the current user is a Provider Admin of the specified provider.
+    /// </summary>
     bool ProviderProviderAdmin(Guid providerId);
+    /// <summary>
+    /// Returns true if the current user is a member of the specified provider (with any role).
+    /// </summary>
     bool ProviderUser(Guid providerId);
     bool ProviderManageUsers(Guid providerId);
     bool ProviderAccessEventLogs(Guid providerId);

src/Core/OrganizationFeatures/OrganizationServiceCollectionExtensions.cs

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 using Bit.Core.AdminConsole.OrganizationAuth;
 using Bit.Core.AdminConsole.OrganizationAuth.Interfaces;
+using Bit.Core.AdminConsole.OrganizationFeatures.AccountRecovery;
 using Bit.Core.AdminConsole.OrganizationFeatures.Groups;
 using Bit.Core.AdminConsole.OrganizationFeatures.Groups.Interfaces;
 using Bit.Core.AdminConsole.OrganizationFeatures.Import;
@@ -133,6 +134,7 @@ public static class OrganizationServiceCollectionExtensions
         services.AddScoped<IUpdateOrganizationUserCommand, UpdateOrganizationUserCommand>();
         services.AddScoped<IUpdateOrganizationUserGroupsCommand, UpdateOrganizationUserGroupsCommand>();
         services.AddScoped<IConfirmOrganizationUserCommand, ConfirmOrganizationUserCommand>();
+        services.AddScoped<IAdminRecoverAccountCommand, AdminRecoverAccountCommand>();
 
         services.AddScoped<IDeleteClaimedOrganizationUserAccountCommand, DeleteClaimedOrganizationUserAccountCommand>();
         services.AddScoped<IDeleteClaimedOrganizationUserAccountValidator, DeleteClaimedOrganizationUserAccountValidator>();

src/Core/Services/IMailService.cs

@@ -1,6 +1,4 @@
-#nullable enable
-
-using Bit.Core.AdminConsole.Entities;
+using Bit.Core.AdminConsole.Entities;
 using Bit.Core.AdminConsole.Entities.Provider;
 using Bit.Core.Auth.Entities;
 using Bit.Core.Auth.Enums;
@@ -92,7 +90,7 @@ public interface IMailService
     Task SendEmergencyAccessRecoveryReminder(EmergencyAccess emergencyAccess, string initiatingName, string email);
     Task SendEmergencyAccessRecoveryTimedOut(EmergencyAccess ea, string initiatingName, string email);
     Task SendEnqueuedMailMessageAsync(IMailQueueMessage queueMessage);
-    Task SendAdminResetPasswordEmailAsync(string email, string userName, string orgName);
+    Task SendAdminResetPasswordEmailAsync(string email, string? userName, string orgName);
     Task SendProviderSetupInviteEmailAsync(Provider provider, string token, string email);
     Task SendBusinessUnitConversionInviteAsync(Organization organization, string token, string email);
     Task SendProviderInviteEmailAsync(string providerName, ProviderUser providerUser, string token, string email);

src/Core/Services/Implementations/HandlebarsMailService.cs

@@ -674,7 +674,7 @@ public class HandlebarsMailService : IMailService
         await _mailDeliveryService.SendEmailAsync(message);
     }
 
-    public async Task SendAdminResetPasswordEmailAsync(string email, string userName, string orgName)
+    public async Task SendAdminResetPasswordEmailAsync(string email, string? userName, string orgName)
     {
         var message = CreateDefaultMessage("Your admin has initiated account recovery", email);
         var model = new AdminResetPasswordViewModel()

src/Core/Services/NoopImplementations/NoopMailService.cs

@@ -221,7 +221,7 @@ public class NoopMailService : IMailService
         return Task.FromResult(0);
     }
 
-    public Task SendAdminResetPasswordEmailAsync(string email, string userName, string orgName)
+    public Task SendAdminResetPasswordEmailAsync(string email, string? userName, string orgName)
     {
         return Task.FromResult(0);
     }

test/Api.IntegrationTest/AdminConsole/Controllers/OrganizationUsersControllerPutResetPasswordTests.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,197 @@
+using System.Net;
+using Bit.Api.AdminConsole.Authorization;
+using Bit.Api.IntegrationTest.Factories;
+using Bit.Api.IntegrationTest.Helpers;
+using Bit.Api.Models.Request.Organizations;
+using Bit.Core;
+using Bit.Core.AdminConsole.Entities;
+using Bit.Core.AdminConsole.Entities.Provider;
+using Bit.Core.AdminConsole.Enums;
+using Bit.Core.AdminConsole.Enums.Provider;
+using Bit.Core.AdminConsole.Repositories;
+using Bit.Core.Billing.Enums;
+using Bit.Core.Entities;
+using Bit.Core.Enums;
+using Bit.Core.Models.Api;
+using Bit.Core.Repositories;
+using Bit.Core.Services;
+using NSubstitute;
+using Xunit;
+
+namespace Bit.Api.IntegrationTest.AdminConsole.Controllers;
+
+public class OrganizationUsersControllerPutResetPasswordTests : IClassFixture<ApiApplicationFactory>, IAsyncLifetime
+{
+    private readonly HttpClient _client;
+    private readonly ApiApplicationFactory _factory;
+    private readonly LoginHelper _loginHelper;
+
+    private Organization _organization = null!;
+    private string _ownerEmail = null!;
+
+    public OrganizationUsersControllerPutResetPasswordTests(ApiApplicationFactory apiFactory)
+    {
+        _factory = apiFactory;
+        _factory.SubstituteService<IFeatureService>(featureService =>
+        {
+            featureService
+                .IsEnabled(FeatureFlagKeys.AccountRecoveryCommand)
+                .Returns(true);
+        });
+        _client = _factory.CreateClient();
+        _loginHelper = new LoginHelper(_factory, _client);
+    }
+
+    public async Task InitializeAsync()
+    {
+        _ownerEmail = $"reset-password-test-{Guid.NewGuid()}@example.com";
+        await _factory.LoginWithNewAccount(_ownerEmail);
+
+        (_organization, _) = await OrganizationTestHelpers.SignUpAsync(_factory, plan: PlanType.EnterpriseAnnually2023,
+            ownerEmail: _ownerEmail, passwordManagerSeats: 5, paymentMethod: PaymentMethodType.Card);
+
+        // Enable reset password and policies for the organization
+        var organizationRepository = _factory.GetService<IOrganizationRepository>();
+        _organization.UseResetPassword = true;
+        _organization.UsePolicies = true;
+        await organizationRepository.ReplaceAsync(_organization);
+
+        // Enable the ResetPassword policy
+        var policyRepository = _factory.GetService<IPolicyRepository>();
+        await policyRepository.CreateAsync(new Policy
+        {
+            OrganizationId = _organization.Id,
+            Type = PolicyType.ResetPassword,
+            Enabled = true,
+            Data = "{}"
+        });
+    }
+
+    public Task DisposeAsync()
+    {
+        _client.Dispose();
+        return Task.CompletedTask;
+    }
+
+    /// <summary>
+    /// Helper method to set the ResetPasswordKey on an organization user, which is required for account recovery
+    /// </summary>
+    private async Task SetResetPasswordKeyAsync(OrganizationUser orgUser)
+    {
+        var organizationUserRepository = _factory.GetService<IOrganizationUserRepository>();
+        orgUser.ResetPasswordKey = "encrypted-reset-password-key";
+        await organizationUserRepository.ReplaceAsync(orgUser);
+    }
+
+    [Fact]
+    public async Task PutResetPassword_AsHigherRole_CanRecoverLowerRole()
+    {
+        // Arrange
+        var (ownerEmail, _) = await OrganizationTestHelpers.CreateNewUserWithAccountAsync(_factory,
+            _organization.Id, OrganizationUserType.Owner);
+        await _loginHelper.LoginAsync(ownerEmail);
+
+        var (_, targetOrgUser) = await OrganizationTestHelpers.CreateNewUserWithAccountAsync(
+            _factory, _organization.Id, OrganizationUserType.User);
+        await SetResetPasswordKeyAsync(targetOrgUser);
+
+        var resetPasswordRequest = new OrganizationUserResetPasswordRequestModel
+        {
+            NewMasterPasswordHash = "new-master-password-hash",
+            Key = "encrypted-recovery-key"
+        };
+
+        // Act
+        var response = await _client.PutAsJsonAsync(
+            $"organizations/{_organization.Id}/users/{targetOrgUser.Id}/reset-password",
+            resetPasswordRequest);
+
+        // Assert
+        Assert.Equal(HttpStatusCode.OK, response.StatusCode);
+    }
+
+    [Fact]
+    public async Task PutResetPassword_AsLowerRole_CannotRecoverHigherRole()
+    {
+        // Arrange
+        var (adminEmail, _) = await OrganizationTestHelpers.CreateNewUserWithAccountAsync(_factory,
+            _organization.Id, OrganizationUserType.Admin);
+        await _loginHelper.LoginAsync(adminEmail);
+
+        var (_, targetOwnerOrgUser) = await OrganizationTestHelpers.CreateNewUserWithAccountAsync(
+            _factory, _organization.Id, OrganizationUserType.Owner);
+        await SetResetPasswordKeyAsync(targetOwnerOrgUser);
+
+        var resetPasswordRequest = new OrganizationUserResetPasswordRequestModel
+        {
+            NewMasterPasswordHash = "new-master-password-hash",
+            Key = "encrypted-recovery-key"
+        };
+
+        // Act
+        var response = await _client.PutAsJsonAsync(
+            $"organizations/{_organization.Id}/users/{targetOwnerOrgUser.Id}/reset-password",
+            resetPasswordRequest);
+
+        // Assert
+        Assert.Equal(HttpStatusCode.BadRequest, response.StatusCode);
+        var model = await response.Content.ReadFromJsonAsync<ErrorResponseModel>();
+        Assert.Contains(RecoverAccountAuthorizationHandler.FailureReason, model.Message);
+    }
+
+    [Fact]
+    public async Task PutResetPassword_CannotRecoverProviderAccount()
+    {
+        // Arrange - Create owner who will try to recover the provider account
+        var (ownerEmail, _) = await OrganizationTestHelpers.CreateNewUserWithAccountAsync(_factory,
+            _organization.Id, OrganizationUserType.Owner);
+        await _loginHelper.LoginAsync(ownerEmail);
+
+        // Create a user who is also a provider user
+        var (targetUserEmail, targetOrgUser) = await OrganizationTestHelpers.CreateNewUserWithAccountAsync(
+            _factory, _organization.Id, OrganizationUserType.User);
+        await SetResetPasswordKeyAsync(targetOrgUser);
+
+        // Add the target user as a provider user to a different provider
+        var providerRepository = _factory.GetService<IProviderRepository>();
+        var providerUserRepository = _factory.GetService<IProviderUserRepository>();
+        var userRepository = _factory.GetService<IUserRepository>();
+
+        var provider = await providerRepository.CreateAsync(new Provider
+        {
+            Name = "Test Provider",
+            BusinessName = "Test Provider Business",
+            BillingEmail = "provider@example.com",
+            Type = ProviderType.Msp,
+            Status = ProviderStatusType.Created,
+            Enabled = true
+        });
+
+        var targetUser = await userRepository.GetByEmailAsync(targetUserEmail);
+        Assert.NotNull(targetUser);
+
+        await providerUserRepository.CreateAsync(new ProviderUser
+        {
+            ProviderId = provider.Id,
+            UserId = targetUser.Id,
+            Status = ProviderUserStatusType.Confirmed,
+            Type = ProviderUserType.ProviderAdmin
+        });
+
+        var resetPasswordRequest = new OrganizationUserResetPasswordRequestModel
+        {
+            NewMasterPasswordHash = "new-master-password-hash",
+            Key = "encrypted-recovery-key"
+        };
+
+        // Act
+        var response = await _client.PutAsJsonAsync(
+            $"organizations/{_organization.Id}/users/{targetOrgUser.Id}/reset-password",
+            resetPasswordRequest);
+
+        // Assert
+        Assert.Equal(HttpStatusCode.BadRequest, response.StatusCode);
+        var model = await response.Content.ReadFromJsonAsync<ErrorResponseModel>();
+        Assert.Equal(RecoverAccountAuthorizationHandler.ProviderFailureReason, model.Message);
+    }
+}

test/Api.Test/AdminConsole/Authorization/RecoverAccountAuthorizationHandlerTests.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,296 @@
+using System.Security.Claims;
+using Bit.Api.AdminConsole.Authorization;
+using Bit.Core.AdminConsole.Entities.Provider;
+using Bit.Core.AdminConsole.Repositories;
+using Bit.Core.Context;
+using Bit.Core.Entities;
+using Bit.Core.Enums;
+using Bit.Core.Models.Data;
+using Bit.Core.Test.AutoFixture.OrganizationUserFixtures;
+using Bit.Test.Common.AutoFixture;
+using Bit.Test.Common.AutoFixture.Attributes;
+using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Authorization;
+using NSubstitute;
+using Xunit;
+
+namespace Bit.Api.Test.AdminConsole.Authorization;
+
+[SutProviderCustomize]
+public class RecoverAccountAuthorizationHandlerTests
+{
+    [Theory, BitAutoData]
+    public async Task HandleRequirementAsync_CurrentUserIsProvider_TargetUserNotProvider_Authorized(
+        SutProvider<RecoverAccountAuthorizationHandler> sutProvider,
+        [OrganizationUser] OrganizationUser targetOrganizationUser,
+        ClaimsPrincipal claimsPrincipal)
+    {
+        // Arrange
+        var context = new AuthorizationHandlerContext(
+            [new RecoverAccountAuthorizationRequirement()],
+            claimsPrincipal,
+            targetOrganizationUser);
+
+        MockOrganizationClaims(sutProvider, claimsPrincipal, targetOrganizationUser, null);
+        MockCurrentUserIsProvider(sutProvider, claimsPrincipal, targetOrganizationUser);
+
+        // Act
+        await sutProvider.Sut.HandleAsync(context);
+
+        // Assert
+        Assert.True(context.HasSucceeded);
+    }
+
+    [Theory, BitAutoData]
+    public async Task HandleRequirementAsync_CurrentUserIsNotMemberOrProvider_NotAuthorized(
+        SutProvider<RecoverAccountAuthorizationHandler> sutProvider,
+        [OrganizationUser] OrganizationUser targetOrganizationUser,
+        ClaimsPrincipal claimsPrincipal)
+    {
+        // Arrange
+        var context = new AuthorizationHandlerContext(
+            [new RecoverAccountAuthorizationRequirement()],
+            claimsPrincipal,
+            targetOrganizationUser);
+
+        MockOrganizationClaims(sutProvider, claimsPrincipal, targetOrganizationUser, null);
+
+        // Act
+        await sutProvider.Sut.HandleAsync(context);
+
+        // Assert
+        AssertFailed(context, RecoverAccountAuthorizationHandler.FailureReason);
+    }
+
+    // Pairing of CurrentContextOrganization (current user permissions) and target user role
+    // Read this as: a ___ can recover the account for a ___
+    public static IEnumerable<object[]> AuthorizedRoleCombinations => new object[][]
+    {
+        [new CurrentContextOrganization { Type = OrganizationUserType.Owner }, OrganizationUserType.Owner],
+        [new CurrentContextOrganization { Type = OrganizationUserType.Owner }, OrganizationUserType.Admin],
+        [new CurrentContextOrganization { Type = OrganizationUserType.Owner }, OrganizationUserType.Custom],
+        [new CurrentContextOrganization { Type = OrganizationUserType.Owner }, OrganizationUserType.User],
+        [new CurrentContextOrganization { Type = OrganizationUserType.Admin }, OrganizationUserType.Admin],
+        [new CurrentContextOrganization { Type = OrganizationUserType.Admin }, OrganizationUserType.Custom],
+        [new CurrentContextOrganization { Type = OrganizationUserType.Admin }, OrganizationUserType.User],
+        [new CurrentContextOrganization { Type = OrganizationUserType.Custom, Permissions = new Permissions { ManageResetPassword = true}}, OrganizationUserType.Custom],
+        [new CurrentContextOrganization { Type = OrganizationUserType.Custom, Permissions = new Permissions { ManageResetPassword = true}}, OrganizationUserType.User],
+    };
+
+    [Theory, BitMemberAutoData(nameof(AuthorizedRoleCombinations))]
+    public async Task AuthorizeMemberAsync_RecoverEqualOrLesserRoles_TargetUserNotProvider_Authorized(
+        CurrentContextOrganization currentContextOrganization,
+        OrganizationUserType targetOrganizationUserType,
+        SutProvider<RecoverAccountAuthorizationHandler> sutProvider,
+        [OrganizationUser] OrganizationUser targetOrganizationUser,
+        ClaimsPrincipal claimsPrincipal)
+    {
+        // Arrange
+        targetOrganizationUser.Type = targetOrganizationUserType;
+        currentContextOrganization.Id = targetOrganizationUser.OrganizationId;
+
+        var context = new AuthorizationHandlerContext(
+            [new RecoverAccountAuthorizationRequirement()],
+            claimsPrincipal,
+            targetOrganizationUser);
+
+        MockOrganizationClaims(sutProvider, claimsPrincipal, targetOrganizationUser, currentContextOrganization);
+
+        // Act
+        await sutProvider.Sut.HandleAsync(context);
+
+        // Assert
+        Assert.True(context.HasSucceeded);
+    }
+
+    // Pairing of CurrentContextOrganization (current user permissions) and target user role
+    // Read this as: a ___ cannot recover the account for a ___
+    public static IEnumerable<object[]> UnauthorizedRoleCombinations => new object[][]
+    {
+        // These roles should fail because you cannot recover a greater role
+        [new CurrentContextOrganization { Type = OrganizationUserType.Admin }, OrganizationUserType.Owner],
+        [new CurrentContextOrganization { Type = OrganizationUserType.Custom, Permissions = new Permissions { ManageResetPassword = true}}, OrganizationUserType.Owner],
+        [new CurrentContextOrganization { Type = OrganizationUserType.Custom, Permissions = new Permissions { ManageResetPassword = true} }, OrganizationUserType.Admin],
+
+        // These roles are never authorized to recover any account
+        [new CurrentContextOrganization { Type = OrganizationUserType.User }, OrganizationUserType.Owner],
+        [new CurrentContextOrganization { Type = OrganizationUserType.User }, OrganizationUserType.Admin],
+        [new CurrentContextOrganization { Type = OrganizationUserType.User }, OrganizationUserType.Custom],
+        [new CurrentContextOrganization { Type = OrganizationUserType.User }, OrganizationUserType.User],
+        [new CurrentContextOrganization { Type = OrganizationUserType.Custom }, OrganizationUserType.Owner],
+        [new CurrentContextOrganization { Type = OrganizationUserType.Custom }, OrganizationUserType.Admin],
+        [new CurrentContextOrganization { Type = OrganizationUserType.Custom }, OrganizationUserType.Custom],
+        [new CurrentContextOrganization { Type = OrganizationUserType.Custom }, OrganizationUserType.User],
+    };
+
+    [Theory, BitMemberAutoData(nameof(UnauthorizedRoleCombinations))]
+    public async Task AuthorizeMemberAsync_InvalidRoles_TargetUserNotProvider_Unauthorized(
+        CurrentContextOrganization currentContextOrganization,
+        OrganizationUserType targetOrganizationUserType,
+        SutProvider<RecoverAccountAuthorizationHandler> sutProvider,
+        [OrganizationUser] OrganizationUser targetOrganizationUser,
+        ClaimsPrincipal claimsPrincipal)
+    {
+        // Arrange
+        targetOrganizationUser.Type = targetOrganizationUserType;
+        currentContextOrganization.Id = targetOrganizationUser.OrganizationId;
+
+        var context = new AuthorizationHandlerContext(
+            [new RecoverAccountAuthorizationRequirement()],
+            claimsPrincipal,
+            targetOrganizationUser);
+
+        MockOrganizationClaims(sutProvider, claimsPrincipal, targetOrganizationUser, currentContextOrganization);
+
+        // Act
+        await sutProvider.Sut.HandleAsync(context);
+
+        // Assert
+        AssertFailed(context, RecoverAccountAuthorizationHandler.FailureReason);
+    }
+
+    [Theory, BitAutoData]
+    public async Task HandleRequirementAsync_TargetUserIdIsNull_DoesNotBlock(
+        SutProvider<RecoverAccountAuthorizationHandler> sutProvider,
+        OrganizationUser targetOrganizationUser,
+        ClaimsPrincipal claimsPrincipal)
+    {
+        // Arrange
+        targetOrganizationUser.UserId = null;
+        MockCurrentUserIsOwner(sutProvider, claimsPrincipal, targetOrganizationUser);
+
+        var context = new AuthorizationHandlerContext(
+            [new RecoverAccountAuthorizationRequirement()],
+            claimsPrincipal,
+            targetOrganizationUser);
+
+        // Act
+        await sutProvider.Sut.HandleAsync(context);
+
+        // Assert
+        Assert.True(context.HasSucceeded);
+        // This should shortcut the provider escalation check
+        await sutProvider.GetDependency<IProviderUserRepository>().DidNotReceiveWithAnyArgs()
+            .GetManyByUserAsync(Arg.Any<Guid>());
+    }
+
+    [Theory, BitAutoData]
+    public async Task HandleRequirementAsync_CurrentUserIsMemberOfAllTargetUserProviders_DoesNotBlock(
+        SutProvider<RecoverAccountAuthorizationHandler> sutProvider,
+        [OrganizationUser] OrganizationUser targetOrganizationUser,
+        ClaimsPrincipal claimsPrincipal,
+        Guid providerId1,
+        Guid providerId2)
+    {
+        // Arrange
+        var targetUserProviders = new List<ProviderUser>
+        {
+            new() { ProviderId = providerId1, UserId = targetOrganizationUser.UserId },
+            new() { ProviderId = providerId2, UserId = targetOrganizationUser.UserId }
+        };
+
+        var context = new AuthorizationHandlerContext(
+            [new RecoverAccountAuthorizationRequirement()],
+            claimsPrincipal,
+            targetOrganizationUser);
+
+        MockCurrentUserIsProvider(sutProvider, claimsPrincipal, targetOrganizationUser);
+
+        sutProvider.GetDependency<IProviderUserRepository>()
+            .GetManyByUserAsync(targetOrganizationUser.UserId!.Value)
+            .Returns(targetUserProviders);
+
+        sutProvider.GetDependency<ICurrentContext>()
+            .ProviderUser(providerId1)
+            .Returns(true);
+
+        sutProvider.GetDependency<ICurrentContext>()
+            .ProviderUser(providerId2)
+            .Returns(true);
+
+        // Act
+        await sutProvider.Sut.HandleAsync(context);
+
+        // Assert
+        Assert.True(context.HasSucceeded);
+    }
+
+    [Theory, BitAutoData]
+    public async Task HandleRequirementAsync_CurrentUserMissingProviderMembership_Blocks(
+        SutProvider<RecoverAccountAuthorizationHandler> sutProvider,
+        [OrganizationUser] OrganizationUser targetOrganizationUser,
+        ClaimsPrincipal claimsPrincipal,
+        Guid providerId1,
+        Guid providerId2)
+    {
+        // Arrange
+        var targetUserProviders = new List<ProviderUser>
+        {
+            new() { ProviderId = providerId1, UserId = targetOrganizationUser.UserId },
+            new() { ProviderId = providerId2, UserId = targetOrganizationUser.UserId }
+        };
+
+        var context = new AuthorizationHandlerContext(
+            [new RecoverAccountAuthorizationRequirement()],
+            claimsPrincipal,
+            targetOrganizationUser);
+
+        MockCurrentUserIsOwner(sutProvider, claimsPrincipal, targetOrganizationUser);
+
+        sutProvider.GetDependency<IProviderUserRepository>()
+            .GetManyByUserAsync(targetOrganizationUser.UserId!.Value)
+            .Returns(targetUserProviders);
+
+        sutProvider.GetDependency<ICurrentContext>()
+            .ProviderUser(providerId1)
+            .Returns(true);
+
+        // Not a member of this provider
+        sutProvider.GetDependency<ICurrentContext>()
+            .ProviderUser(providerId2)
+            .Returns(false);
+
+        // Act
+        await sutProvider.Sut.HandleAsync(context);
+
+        // Assert
+        AssertFailed(context, RecoverAccountAuthorizationHandler.ProviderFailureReason);
+    }
+
+    private static void MockOrganizationClaims(SutProvider<RecoverAccountAuthorizationHandler> sutProvider,
+        ClaimsPrincipal currentUser, OrganizationUser targetOrganizationUser,
+        CurrentContextOrganization? currentContextOrganization)
+    {
+        sutProvider.GetDependency<IOrganizationContext>()
+            .GetOrganizationClaims(currentUser, targetOrganizationUser.OrganizationId)
+            .Returns(currentContextOrganization);
+    }
+
+    private static void MockCurrentUserIsProvider(SutProvider<RecoverAccountAuthorizationHandler> sutProvider,
+        ClaimsPrincipal currentUser, OrganizationUser targetOrganizationUser)
+    {
+        sutProvider.GetDependency<IOrganizationContext>()
+            .IsProviderUserForOrganization(currentUser, targetOrganizationUser.OrganizationId)
+            .Returns(true);
+    }
+
+    private static void MockCurrentUserIsOwner(SutProvider<RecoverAccountAuthorizationHandler> sutProvider,
+        ClaimsPrincipal currentUser, OrganizationUser targetOrganizationUser)
+    {
+        var currentContextOrganization = new CurrentContextOrganization
+        {
+            Id = targetOrganizationUser.OrganizationId,
+            Type = OrganizationUserType.Owner
+        };
+
+        sutProvider.GetDependency<IOrganizationContext>()
+            .GetOrganizationClaims(currentUser, targetOrganizationUser.OrganizationId)
+            .Returns(currentContextOrganization);
+    }
+
+    private static void AssertFailed(AuthorizationHandlerContext context, string expectedMessage)
+    {
+        Assert.True(context.HasFailed);
+        var failureReason = Assert.Single(context.FailureReasons);
+        Assert.Equal(expectedMessage, failureReason.Message);
+    }
+}

test/Api.Test/AdminConsole/Controllers/OrganizationUsersControllerTests.cs

@@ -1,11 +1,14 @@
 using System.Security.Claims;
+using Bit.Api.AdminConsole.Authorization;
 using Bit.Api.AdminConsole.Controllers;
 using Bit.Api.AdminConsole.Models.Request.Organizations;
+using Bit.Api.Models.Request.Organizations;
 using Bit.Api.Vault.AuthorizationHandlers.Collections;
 using Bit.Core;
 using Bit.Core.AdminConsole.Entities;
 using Bit.Core.AdminConsole.Enums;
 using Bit.Core.AdminConsole.Models.Data.Organizations.Policies;
+using Bit.Core.AdminConsole.OrganizationFeatures.AccountRecovery;
 using Bit.Core.AdminConsole.OrganizationFeatures.OrganizationUsers.Interfaces;
 using Bit.Core.AdminConsole.OrganizationFeatures.Policies;
 using Bit.Core.AdminConsole.OrganizationFeatures.Policies.PolicyRequirements;
@@ -16,6 +19,7 @@ using Bit.Core.Context;
 using Bit.Core.Entities;
 using Bit.Core.Enums;
 using Bit.Core.Exceptions;
+using Bit.Core.Models.Api;
 using Bit.Core.Models.Business;
 using Bit.Core.Models.Data;
 using Bit.Core.Models.Data.Organizations;
@@ -30,6 +34,7 @@ using Core.AdminConsole.OrganizationFeatures.OrganizationUsers.Interfaces;
 using Core.AdminConsole.OrganizationFeatures.OrganizationUsers.Requests;
 using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Authorization;
 using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Http.HttpResults;
+using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.ModelBinding;
 using NSubstitute;
 using Xunit;
 
@@ -440,4 +445,153 @@ public class OrganizationUsersControllerTests
 
         Assert.Equal("Master Password reset is required, but not provided.", exception.Message);
     }
+
+    [Theory]
+    [BitAutoData]
+    public async Task PutResetPassword_WithFeatureFlagDisabled_CallsLegacyPath(
+        Guid orgId, Guid orgUserId, OrganizationUserResetPasswordRequestModel model,
+        SutProvider<OrganizationUsersController> sutProvider)
+    {
+        sutProvider.GetDependency<IFeatureService>().IsEnabled(FeatureFlagKeys.AccountRecoveryCommand).Returns(false);
+        sutProvider.GetDependency<ICurrentContext>().OrganizationOwner(orgId).Returns(true);
+        sutProvider.GetDependency<IUserService>().AdminResetPasswordAsync(Arg.Any<OrganizationUserType>(), orgId, orgUserId, model.NewMasterPasswordHash, model.Key)
+            .Returns(Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.IdentityResult.Success);
+
+        var result = await sutProvider.Sut.PutResetPassword(orgId, orgUserId, model);
+
+        Assert.IsType<Ok>(result);
+        await sutProvider.GetDependency<IUserService>().Received(1)
+            .AdminResetPasswordAsync(OrganizationUserType.Owner, orgId, orgUserId, model.NewMasterPasswordHash, model.Key);
+    }
+
+    [Theory]
+    [BitAutoData]
+    public async Task PutResetPassword_WithFeatureFlagDisabled_WhenOrgUserTypeIsNull_ReturnsNotFound(
+        Guid orgId, Guid orgUserId, OrganizationUserResetPasswordRequestModel model,
+        SutProvider<OrganizationUsersController> sutProvider)
+    {
+        sutProvider.GetDependency<IFeatureService>().IsEnabled(FeatureFlagKeys.AccountRecoveryCommand).Returns(false);
+        sutProvider.GetDependency<ICurrentContext>().OrganizationOwner(orgId).Returns(false);
+        sutProvider.GetDependency<ICurrentContext>().Organizations.Returns(new List<CurrentContextOrganization>());
+
+        var result = await sutProvider.Sut.PutResetPassword(orgId, orgUserId, model);
+
+        Assert.IsType<NotFound>(result);
+    }
+
+    [Theory]
+    [BitAutoData]
+    public async Task PutResetPassword_WithFeatureFlagDisabled_WhenAdminResetPasswordFails_ReturnsBadRequest(
+        Guid orgId, Guid orgUserId, OrganizationUserResetPasswordRequestModel model,
+        SutProvider<OrganizationUsersController> sutProvider)
+    {
+        sutProvider.GetDependency<IFeatureService>().IsEnabled(FeatureFlagKeys.AccountRecoveryCommand).Returns(false);
+        sutProvider.GetDependency<ICurrentContext>().OrganizationOwner(orgId).Returns(true);
+        sutProvider.GetDependency<IUserService>().AdminResetPasswordAsync(Arg.Any<OrganizationUserType>(), orgId, orgUserId, model.NewMasterPasswordHash, model.Key)
+            .Returns(Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.IdentityResult.Failed(new Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.IdentityError { Description = "Error 1" }));
+
+        var result = await sutProvider.Sut.PutResetPassword(orgId, orgUserId, model);
+
+        Assert.IsType<BadRequest<ModelStateDictionary>>(result);
+    }
+
+    [Theory]
+    [BitAutoData]
+    public async Task PutResetPassword_WithFeatureFlagEnabled_WhenOrganizationUserNotFound_ReturnsNotFound(
+        Guid orgId, Guid orgUserId, OrganizationUserResetPasswordRequestModel model,
+        SutProvider<OrganizationUsersController> sutProvider)
+    {
+        sutProvider.GetDependency<IFeatureService>().IsEnabled(FeatureFlagKeys.AccountRecoveryCommand).Returns(true);
+        sutProvider.GetDependency<IOrganizationUserRepository>().GetByIdAsync(orgUserId).Returns((OrganizationUser)null);
+
+        var result = await sutProvider.Sut.PutResetPassword(orgId, orgUserId, model);
+
+        Assert.IsType<NotFound>(result);
+    }
+
+    [Theory]
+    [BitAutoData]
+    public async Task PutResetPassword_WithFeatureFlagEnabled_WhenOrganizationIdMismatch_ReturnsNotFound(
+        Guid orgId, Guid orgUserId, OrganizationUserResetPasswordRequestModel model, OrganizationUser organizationUser,
+        SutProvider<OrganizationUsersController> sutProvider)
+    {
+        organizationUser.OrganizationId = Guid.NewGuid();
+        sutProvider.GetDependency<IFeatureService>().IsEnabled(FeatureFlagKeys.AccountRecoveryCommand).Returns(true);
+        sutProvider.GetDependency<IOrganizationUserRepository>().GetByIdAsync(orgUserId).Returns(organizationUser);
+
+        var result = await sutProvider.Sut.PutResetPassword(orgId, orgUserId, model);
+
+        Assert.IsType<NotFound>(result);
+    }
+
+    [Theory]
+    [BitAutoData]
+    public async Task PutResetPassword_WithFeatureFlagEnabled_WhenAuthorizationFails_ReturnsBadRequest(
+        Guid orgId, Guid orgUserId, OrganizationUserResetPasswordRequestModel model, OrganizationUser organizationUser,
+        SutProvider<OrganizationUsersController> sutProvider)
+    {
+        organizationUser.OrganizationId = orgId;
+        sutProvider.GetDependency<IFeatureService>().IsEnabled(FeatureFlagKeys.AccountRecoveryCommand).Returns(true);
+        sutProvider.GetDependency<IOrganizationUserRepository>().GetByIdAsync(orgUserId).Returns(organizationUser);
+        sutProvider.GetDependency<IAuthorizationService>()
+            .AuthorizeAsync(
+                Arg.Any<ClaimsPrincipal>(),
+                organizationUser,
+                Arg.Is<IEnumerable<IAuthorizationRequirement>>(x => x.SingleOrDefault() is RecoverAccountAuthorizationRequirement))
+            .Returns(AuthorizationResult.Failed());
+
+        var result = await sutProvider.Sut.PutResetPassword(orgId, orgUserId, model);
+
+        Assert.IsType<BadRequest<ErrorResponseModel>>(result);
+    }
+
+    [Theory]
+    [BitAutoData]
+    public async Task PutResetPassword_WithFeatureFlagEnabled_WhenRecoverAccountSucceeds_ReturnsOk(
+        Guid orgId, Guid orgUserId, OrganizationUserResetPasswordRequestModel model, OrganizationUser organizationUser,
+        SutProvider<OrganizationUsersController> sutProvider)
+    {
+        organizationUser.OrganizationId = orgId;
+        sutProvider.GetDependency<IFeatureService>().IsEnabled(FeatureFlagKeys.AccountRecoveryCommand).Returns(true);
+        sutProvider.GetDependency<IOrganizationUserRepository>().GetByIdAsync(orgUserId).Returns(organizationUser);
+        sutProvider.GetDependency<IAuthorizationService>()
+            .AuthorizeAsync(
+                Arg.Any<ClaimsPrincipal>(),
+                organizationUser,
+                Arg.Is<IEnumerable<IAuthorizationRequirement>>(x => x.SingleOrDefault() is RecoverAccountAuthorizationRequirement))
+            .Returns(AuthorizationResult.Success());
+        sutProvider.GetDependency<IAdminRecoverAccountCommand>()
+            .RecoverAccountAsync(orgId, organizationUser, model.NewMasterPasswordHash, model.Key)
+            .Returns(Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.IdentityResult.Success);
+
+        var result = await sutProvider.Sut.PutResetPassword(orgId, orgUserId, model);
+
+        Assert.IsType<Ok>(result);
+        await sutProvider.GetDependency<IAdminRecoverAccountCommand>().Received(1)
+            .RecoverAccountAsync(orgId, organizationUser, model.NewMasterPasswordHash, model.Key);
+    }
+
+    [Theory]
+    [BitAutoData]
+    public async Task PutResetPassword_WithFeatureFlagEnabled_WhenRecoverAccountFails_ReturnsBadRequest(
+        Guid orgId, Guid orgUserId, OrganizationUserResetPasswordRequestModel model, OrganizationUser organizationUser,
+        SutProvider<OrganizationUsersController> sutProvider)
+    {
+        organizationUser.OrganizationId = orgId;
+        sutProvider.GetDependency<IFeatureService>().IsEnabled(FeatureFlagKeys.AccountRecoveryCommand).Returns(true);
+        sutProvider.GetDependency<IOrganizationUserRepository>().GetByIdAsync(orgUserId).Returns(organizationUser);
+        sutProvider.GetDependency<IAuthorizationService>()
+            .AuthorizeAsync(
+                Arg.Any<ClaimsPrincipal>(),
+                organizationUser,
+                Arg.Is<IEnumerable<IAuthorizationRequirement>>(x => x.SingleOrDefault() is RecoverAccountAuthorizationRequirement))
+            .Returns(AuthorizationResult.Success());
+        sutProvider.GetDependency<IAdminRecoverAccountCommand>()
+            .RecoverAccountAsync(orgId, organizationUser, model.NewMasterPasswordHash, model.Key)
+            .Returns(Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.IdentityResult.Failed(new Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.IdentityError { Description = "Error message" }));
+
+        var result = await sutProvider.Sut.PutResetPassword(orgId, orgUserId, model);
+
+        Assert.IsType<BadRequest<ModelStateDictionary>>(result);
+    }
 }

test/Core.Test/AdminConsole/AutoFixture/CurrentContextOrganizationFixtures.cs

@@ -1,4 +1,6 @@
-using AutoFixture;
+using System.Reflection;
+using AutoFixture;
+using AutoFixture.Xunit2;
 using Bit.Core.Context;
 using Bit.Core.Enums;
 using Bit.Core.Models.Data;
@@ -23,6 +25,7 @@ public class CurrentContextOrganizationCustomization : ICustomization
     }
 }
 
+[AttributeUsage(AttributeTargets.Method)]
 public class CurrentContextOrganizationCustomizeAttribute : BitCustomizeAttribute
 {
     public Guid Id { get; set; }
@@ -38,3 +41,19 @@ public class CurrentContextOrganizationCustomizeAttribute : BitCustomizeAttribut
         AccessSecretsManager = AccessSecretsManager
     };
 }
+
+public class CurrentContextOrganizationAttribute : CustomizeAttribute
+{
+    public Guid Id { get; set; }
+    public OrganizationUserType Type { get; set; } = OrganizationUserType.User;
+    public Permissions Permissions { get; set; } = new();
+    public bool AccessSecretsManager { get; set; } = false;
+
+    public override ICustomization GetCustomization(ParameterInfo _) => new CurrentContextOrganizationCustomization
+    {
+        Id = Id,
+        Type = Type,
+        Permissions = Permissions,
+        AccessSecretsManager = AccessSecretsManager
+    };
+}

test/Core.Test/AdminConsole/OrganizationFeatures/AccountRecovery/AdminRecoverAccountCommandTests.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,296 @@
+using AutoFixture;
+using Bit.Core.AdminConsole.Entities;
+using Bit.Core.AdminConsole.Enums;
+using Bit.Core.AdminConsole.OrganizationFeatures.AccountRecovery;
+using Bit.Core.AdminConsole.Repositories;
+using Bit.Core.Entities;
+using Bit.Core.Enums;
+using Bit.Core.Exceptions;
+using Bit.Core.Platform.Push;
+using Bit.Core.Repositories;
+using Bit.Core.Services;
+using Bit.Core.Test.AutoFixture.OrganizationUserFixtures;
+using Bit.Test.Common.AutoFixture;
+using Bit.Test.Common.AutoFixture.Attributes;
+using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity;
+using NSubstitute;
+using Xunit;
+
+namespace Bit.Core.Test.AdminConsole.OrganizationFeatures.AccountRecovery;
+
+[SutProviderCustomize]
+public class AdminRecoverAccountCommandTests
+{
+    [Theory]
+    [BitAutoData]
+    public async Task RecoverAccountAsync_Success(
+        string newMasterPassword,
+        string key,
+        Organization organization,
+        OrganizationUser organizationUser,
+        User user,
+        SutProvider<AdminRecoverAccountCommand> sutProvider)
+    {
+        // Arrange
+        SetupValidOrganization(sutProvider, organization);
+        SetupValidPolicy(sutProvider, organization);
+        SetupValidOrganizationUser(organizationUser, organization.Id);
+        SetupValidUser(sutProvider, user, organizationUser);
+        SetupSuccessfulPasswordUpdate(sutProvider, user, newMasterPassword);
+
+        // Act
+        var result = await sutProvider.Sut.RecoverAccountAsync(organization.Id, organizationUser, newMasterPassword, key);
+
+        // Assert
+        Assert.True(result.Succeeded);
+        await AssertSuccessAsync(sutProvider, user, key, organization, organizationUser);
+    }
+
+    [Theory]
+    [BitAutoData]
+    public async Task RecoverAccountAsync_OrganizationDoesNotExist_ThrowsBadRequest(
+        [OrganizationUser] OrganizationUser organizationUser,
+        string newMasterPassword,
+        string key,
+        SutProvider<AdminRecoverAccountCommand> sutProvider)
+    {
+        // Arrange
+        var orgId = Guid.NewGuid();
+        sutProvider.GetDependency<IOrganizationRepository>()
+            .GetByIdAsync(orgId)
+            .Returns((Organization)null);
+
+        // Act & Assert
+        var exception = await Assert.ThrowsAsync<BadRequestException>(() =>
+            sutProvider.Sut.RecoverAccountAsync(orgId, organizationUser, newMasterPassword, key));
+        Assert.Equal("Organization does not allow password reset.", exception.Message);
+    }
+
+    [Theory]
+    [BitAutoData]
+    public async Task RecoverAccountAsync_OrganizationDoesNotAllowResetPassword_ThrowsBadRequest(
+        string newMasterPassword,
+        string key,
+        Organization organization,
+        [OrganizationUser] OrganizationUser organizationUser,
+        SutProvider<AdminRecoverAccountCommand> sutProvider)
+    {
+        // Arrange
+        organization.UseResetPassword = false;
+        sutProvider.GetDependency<IOrganizationRepository>()
+            .GetByIdAsync(organization.Id)
+            .Returns(organization);
+
+        // Act & Assert
+        var exception = await Assert.ThrowsAsync<BadRequestException>(() =>
+            sutProvider.Sut.RecoverAccountAsync(organization.Id, organizationUser, newMasterPassword, key));
+        Assert.Equal("Organization does not allow password reset.", exception.Message);
+    }
+
+    public static IEnumerable<object[]> InvalidPolicies => new object[][]
+    {
+        [new Policy { Type = PolicyType.ResetPassword, Enabled = false }], [null]
+    };
+
+    [Theory]
+    [BitMemberAutoData(nameof(InvalidPolicies))]
+    public async Task RecoverAccountAsync_InvalidPolicy_ThrowsBadRequest(
+        Policy resetPasswordPolicy,
+        string newMasterPassword,
+        string key,
+        Organization organization,
+        SutProvider<AdminRecoverAccountCommand> sutProvider)
+    {
+        // Arrange
+        SetupValidOrganization(sutProvider, organization);
+        sutProvider.GetDependency<IPolicyRepository>()
+            .GetByOrganizationIdTypeAsync(organization.Id, PolicyType.ResetPassword)
+            .Returns(resetPasswordPolicy);
+
+        // Act & Assert
+        var exception = await Assert.ThrowsAsync<BadRequestException>(() =>
+            sutProvider.Sut.RecoverAccountAsync(organization.Id, new OrganizationUser { Id = Guid.NewGuid() },
+                newMasterPassword, key));
+        Assert.Equal("Organization does not have the password reset policy enabled.", exception.Message);
+    }
+
+    public static IEnumerable<object[]> InvalidOrganizationUsers()
+    {
+        // Make an organization so we can use its Id
+        var organization = new Fixture().Create<Organization>();
+
+        var nonConfirmed = new OrganizationUser
+        {
+            Id = Guid.NewGuid(),
+            OrganizationId = organization.Id,
+            Status = OrganizationUserStatusType.Invited
+        };
+        yield return [nonConfirmed, organization];
+
+        var wrongOrganization = new OrganizationUser
+        {
+            Status = OrganizationUserStatusType.Confirmed,
+            OrganizationId = Guid.NewGuid(), // Different org
+            ResetPasswordKey = "test-key",
+            UserId = Guid.NewGuid(),
+        };
+        yield return [wrongOrganization, organization];
+
+        var nullResetPasswordKey = new OrganizationUser
+        {
+            Status = OrganizationUserStatusType.Confirmed,
+            OrganizationId = organization.Id,
+            ResetPasswordKey = null,
+            UserId = Guid.NewGuid(),
+        };
+        yield return [nullResetPasswordKey, organization];
+
+        var emptyResetPasswordKey = new OrganizationUser
+        {
+            Status = OrganizationUserStatusType.Confirmed,
+            OrganizationId = organization.Id,
+            ResetPasswordKey = "",
+            UserId = Guid.NewGuid(),
+        };
+        yield return [emptyResetPasswordKey, organization];
+
+        var nullUserId = new OrganizationUser
+        {
+            Status = OrganizationUserStatusType.Confirmed,
+            OrganizationId = organization.Id,
+            ResetPasswordKey = "test-key",
+            UserId = null,
+        };
+        yield return [nullUserId, organization];
+    }
+
+    [Theory]
+    [BitMemberAutoData(nameof(InvalidOrganizationUsers))]
+    public async Task RecoverAccountAsync_OrganizationUserIsInvalid_ThrowsBadRequest(
+        OrganizationUser organizationUser,
+        Organization organization,
+        string newMasterPassword,
+        string key,
+        SutProvider<AdminRecoverAccountCommand> sutProvider)
+    {
+        // Arrange
+        SetupValidOrganization(sutProvider, organization);
+        SetupValidPolicy(sutProvider, organization);
+
+        // Act & Assert
+        var exception = await Assert.ThrowsAsync<BadRequestException>(() =>
+            sutProvider.Sut.RecoverAccountAsync(organization.Id, organizationUser, newMasterPassword, key));
+        Assert.Equal("Organization User not valid", exception.Message);
+    }
+
+    [Theory]
+    [BitAutoData]
+    public async Task RecoverAccountAsync_UserDoesNotExist_ThrowsNotFoundException(
+        string newMasterPassword,
+        string key,
+        Organization organization,
+        OrganizationUser organizationUser,
+        SutProvider<AdminRecoverAccountCommand> sutProvider)
+    {
+        // Arrange
+        SetupValidOrganization(sutProvider, organization);
+        SetupValidPolicy(sutProvider, organization);
+        SetupValidOrganizationUser(organizationUser, organization.Id);
+        sutProvider.GetDependency<IUserService>()
+            .GetUserByIdAsync(organizationUser.UserId!.Value)
+            .Returns((User)null);
+
+        // Act & Assert
+        await Assert.ThrowsAsync<NotFoundException>(() =>
+            sutProvider.Sut.RecoverAccountAsync(organization.Id, organizationUser, newMasterPassword, key));
+    }
+
+    [Theory]
+    [BitAutoData]
+    public async Task RecoverAccountAsync_UserUsesKeyConnector_ThrowsBadRequest(
+        string newMasterPassword,
+        string key,
+        Organization organization,
+        OrganizationUser organizationUser,
+        User user,
+        SutProvider<AdminRecoverAccountCommand> sutProvider)
+    {
+        // Arrange
+        SetupValidOrganization(sutProvider, organization);
+        SetupValidPolicy(sutProvider, organization);
+        SetupValidOrganizationUser(organizationUser, organization.Id);
+        user.UsesKeyConnector = true;
+        sutProvider.GetDependency<IUserService>()
+            .GetUserByIdAsync(organizationUser.UserId!.Value)
+            .Returns(user);
+
+        // Act & Assert
+        var exception = await Assert.ThrowsAsync<BadRequestException>(() =>
+            sutProvider.Sut.RecoverAccountAsync(organization.Id, organizationUser, newMasterPassword, key));
+        Assert.Equal("Cannot reset password of a user with Key Connector.", exception.Message);
+    }
+
+    private static void SetupValidOrganization(SutProvider<AdminRecoverAccountCommand> sutProvider, Organization organization)
+    {
+        organization.UseResetPassword = true;
+        sutProvider.GetDependency<IOrganizationRepository>()
+            .GetByIdAsync(organization.Id)
+            .Returns(organization);
+    }
+
+    private static void SetupValidPolicy(SutProvider<AdminRecoverAccountCommand> sutProvider, Organization organization)
+    {
+        var policy = new Policy { Type = PolicyType.ResetPassword, Enabled = true };
+        sutProvider.GetDependency<IPolicyRepository>()
+            .GetByOrganizationIdTypeAsync(organization.Id, PolicyType.ResetPassword)
+            .Returns(policy);
+    }
+
+    private static void SetupValidOrganizationUser(OrganizationUser organizationUser, Guid orgId)
+    {
+        organizationUser.Status = OrganizationUserStatusType.Confirmed;
+        organizationUser.OrganizationId = orgId;
+        organizationUser.ResetPasswordKey = "test-key";
+        organizationUser.Type = OrganizationUserType.User;
+    }
+
+    private static void SetupValidUser(SutProvider<AdminRecoverAccountCommand> sutProvider, User user, OrganizationUser organizationUser)
+    {
+        user.Id = organizationUser.UserId!.Value;
+        user.UsesKeyConnector = false;
+        sutProvider.GetDependency<IUserService>()
+            .GetUserByIdAsync(user.Id)
+            .Returns(user);
+    }
+
+    private static void SetupSuccessfulPasswordUpdate(SutProvider<AdminRecoverAccountCommand> sutProvider, User user, string newMasterPassword)
+    {
+        sutProvider.GetDependency<IUserService>()
+            .UpdatePasswordHash(user, newMasterPassword)
+            .Returns(IdentityResult.Success);
+    }
+
+    private static async Task AssertSuccessAsync(SutProvider<AdminRecoverAccountCommand> sutProvider, User user, string key,
+        Organization organization, OrganizationUser organizationUser)
+    {
+        await sutProvider.GetDependency<IUserRepository>().Received(1).ReplaceAsync(
+            Arg.Is<User>(u =>
+                u.Id == user.Id &&
+                u.Key == key &&
+                u.ForcePasswordReset == true &&
+                u.RevisionDate == u.AccountRevisionDate &&
+                u.LastPasswordChangeDate == u.RevisionDate));
+
+        await sutProvider.GetDependency<IMailService>().Received(1).SendAdminResetPasswordEmailAsync(
+            Arg.Is(user.Email),
+            Arg.Is(user.Name),
+            Arg.Is(organization.DisplayName()));
+
+        await sutProvider.GetDependency<IEventService>().Received(1).LogOrganizationUserEventAsync(
+            Arg.Is(organizationUser),
+            Arg.Is(EventType.OrganizationUser_AdminResetPassword));
+
+        await sutProvider.GetDependency<IPushNotificationService>().Received(1).PushLogOutAsync(
+            Arg.Is(user.Id));
+    }
+}