9.38.8

previous implementation only supported some PEMs (e.g. Certificate)

the new implementation is more general,
it just extracts the base64 between
header and footer and decodes that to hex

package-lock.json

@@ -1,12 +1,12 @@
 {
   "name": "cyberchef",
-  "version": "9.38.5",
+  "version": "9.38.8",
   "lockfileVersion": 2,
   "requires": true,
   "packages": {
     "": {
       "name": "cyberchef",
-      "version": "9.38.5",
+      "version": "9.38.8",
       "hasInstallScript": true,
       "license": "Apache-2.0",
       "dependencies": {
@@ -45,6 +45,7 @@
         "js-crc": "^0.2.0",
         "js-sha3": "^0.8.0",
         "jsesc": "^3.0.2",
+        "json5": "^2.2.1",
         "jsonpath": "^1.1.1",
         "jsonwebtoken": "^8.5.1",
         "jsqr": "^1.4.0",
@@ -9489,7 +9490,6 @@
       "version": "2.2.1",
       "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/json5/-/json5-2.2.1.tgz",
       "integrity": "sha512-1hqLFMSrGHRHxav9q9gNjJ5EXznIxGVO09xQRrwplcS8qs28pZ8s8hupZAmqDwZUmVZ2Qb2jnyPOWcDH8m8dlA==",
-      "dev": true,
       "bin": {
         "json5": "lib/cli.js"
       },
@@ -23014,8 +23014,7 @@
     "json5": {
       "version": "2.2.1",
       "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/json5/-/json5-2.2.1.tgz",
-      "integrity": "sha512-1hqLFMSrGHRHxav9q9gNjJ5EXznIxGVO09xQRrwplcS8qs28pZ8s8hupZAmqDwZUmVZ2Qb2jnyPOWcDH8m8dlA==",
-      "dev": true
+      "integrity": "sha512-1hqLFMSrGHRHxav9q9gNjJ5EXznIxGVO09xQRrwplcS8qs28pZ8s8hupZAmqDwZUmVZ2Qb2jnyPOWcDH8m8dlA=="
     },
     "jsonpath": {
       "version": "1.1.1",

package.json

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
   "name": "cyberchef",
-  "version": "9.38.5",
+  "version": "9.38.8",
   "description": "The Cyber Swiss Army Knife for encryption, encoding, compression and data analysis.",
   "author": "n1474335 <n1474335@gmail.com>",
   "homepage": "https://gchq.github.io/CyberChef",
@@ -122,6 +122,7 @@
     "js-crc": "^0.2.0",
     "js-sha3": "^0.8.0",
     "jsesc": "^3.0.2",
+    "json5": "^2.2.1",
     "jsonpath": "^1.1.1",
     "jsonwebtoken": "^8.5.1",
     "jsqr": "^1.4.0",

src/core/lib/Base64.mjs

@@ -130,10 +130,11 @@ export function fromBase64(data, alphabet="A-Za-z0-9+/=", returnType="string", r
         i = 0;
 
     while (i < data.length) {
-        enc1 = alphabet.indexOf(data.charAt(i++));
-        enc2 = alphabet.indexOf(data.charAt(i++));
-        enc3 = alphabet.indexOf(data.charAt(i++));
-        enc4 = alphabet.indexOf(data.charAt(i++));
+        // Including `|| null` forces empty strings to null so that indexOf returns -1 instead of 0
+        enc1 = alphabet.indexOf(data.charAt(i++) || null);
+        enc2 = alphabet.indexOf(data.charAt(i++) || null);
+        enc3 = alphabet.indexOf(data.charAt(i++) || null);
+        enc4 = alphabet.indexOf(data.charAt(i++) || null);
 
         if (strictMode && (enc1 < 0 || enc2 < 0 || enc3 < 0 || enc4 < 0)) {
             throw new OperationError("Error: Base64 input contains non-alphabet char(s)");
@@ -143,13 +144,13 @@ export function fromBase64(data, alphabet="A-Za-z0-9+/=", returnType="string", r
         chr2 = ((enc2 & 15) << 4) | (enc3 >> 2);
         chr3 = ((enc3 & 3) << 6) | enc4;
 
-        if (chr1 < 256) {
+        if (chr1 >= 0 && chr1 < 256) {
             output.push(chr1);
         }
-        if (chr2 < 256 && enc3 !== 64) {
+        if (chr2 >= 0 && chr2 < 256 && enc3 !== 64) {
             output.push(chr2);
         }
-        if (chr3 < 256 && enc4 !== 64) {
+        if (chr3 >= 0 && chr3 < 256 && enc4 !== 64) {
             output.push(chr3);
         }
     }

src/core/operations/JSONBeautify.mjs

@@ -5,8 +5,10 @@
  * @license Apache-2.0
  */
 
-import vkbeautify from "vkbeautify";
+import JSON5 from "json5";
+import OperationError from "../errors/OperationError.mjs";
 import Operation from "../Operation.mjs";
+import Utils from "../Utils.mjs";
 
 /**
  * JSON Beautify operation
@@ -21,19 +23,25 @@ class JSONBeautify extends Operation {
 
         this.name = "JSON Beautify";
         this.module = "Code";
-        this.description = "Indents and prettifies JavaScript Object Notation (JSON) code.";
+        this.description = "Indents and pretty prints JavaScript Object Notation (JSON) code.<br><br>Tags: json viewer, prettify, syntax highlighting";
         this.inputType = "string";
         this.outputType = "string";
+        this.presentType = "html";
         this.args = [
             {
-                "name": "Indent string",
-                "type": "binaryShortString",
-                "value": "    "
+                name: "Indent string",
+                type: "binaryShortString",
+                value: "    "
             },
             {
-                "name": "Sort Object Keys",
-                "type": "boolean",
-                "value": false
+                name: "Sort Object Keys",
+                type: "boolean",
+                value: false
+            },
+            {
+                name: "Formatted",
+                type: "boolean",
+                value: true
             }
         ];
     }
@@ -44,35 +52,193 @@ class JSONBeautify extends Operation {
      * @returns {string}
      */
     run(input, args) {
-        const [indentStr, sortBool] = args;
-
         if (!input) return "";
-        if (sortBool) {
-            input = JSON.stringify(JSONBeautify._sort(JSON.parse(input)));
+
+        const [indentStr, sortBool] = args;
+        let json = null;
+
+        try {
+            json = JSON5.parse(input);
+        } catch (err) {
+            throw new OperationError("Unable to parse input as JSON.\n" + err);
         }
-        return vkbeautify.json(input, indentStr);
+
+        if (sortBool) json = sortKeys(json);
+
+        return JSON.stringify(json, null, indentStr);
     }
 
-
     /**
-     * Sort JSON representation of an object
+     * Adds various dynamic features to the JSON blob
      *
-     * @author Phillip Nordwall [phillip.nordwall@gmail.com]
-     * @private
-     * @param {object} o
-     * @returns {object}
+     * @param {string} data
+     * @param {Object[]} args
+     * @returns {html}
      */
-    static _sort(o) {
-        if (Array.isArray(o)) {
-            return o.map(JSONBeautify._sort);
-        } else if ("[object Object]" === Object.prototype.toString.call(o)) {
-            return Object.keys(o).sort().reduce(function(a, k) {
-                a[k] = JSONBeautify._sort(o[k]);
-                return a;
-            }, {});
+    present(data, args) {
+        const formatted = args[2];
+        if (!formatted) return Utils.escapeHtml(data);
+
+        const json = JSON5.parse(data);
+        const options = {
+            withLinks: true,
+            bigNumbers: true
+        };
+        let html = '<div class="json-document">';
+
+        if (isCollapsable(json)) {
+            const isArr = json instanceof Array;
+            html += '<details open class="json-details">' +
+                `<summary class="json-summary ${isArr ? "json-arr" : "json-obj"}"></summary>` +
+                json2html(json, options) +
+                "</details>";
+        } else {
+            html += json2html(json, options);
         }
-        return o;
+
+        html += "</div>";
+        return html;
     }
 }
 
+/**
+ * Sort keys in a JSON object
+ *
+ * @author Phillip Nordwall [phillip.nordwall@gmail.com]
+ * @param {object} o
+ * @returns {object}
+ */
+function sortKeys(o) {
+    if (Array.isArray(o)) {
+        return o.map(sortKeys);
+    } else if ("[object Object]" === Object.prototype.toString.call(o)) {
+        return Object.keys(o).sort().reduce(function(a, k) {
+            a[k] = sortKeys(o[k]);
+            return a;
+        }, {});
+    }
+    return o;
+}
+
+
+/**
+ * Check if arg is either an array with at least 1 element, or a dict with at least 1 key
+ * @returns {boolean}
+ */
+function isCollapsable(arg) {
+    return arg instanceof Object && Object.keys(arg).length > 0;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Check if a string looks like a URL, based on protocol
+ * @returns {boolean}
+ */
+function isUrl(string) {
+    const protocols = ["http", "https", "ftp", "ftps"];
+    for (let i = 0; i < protocols.length; i++) {
+        if (string.startsWith(protocols[i] + "://")) {
+            return true;
+        }
+    }
+    return false;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Transform a json object into html representation
+ *
+ * Adapted for CyberChef by @n1474335 from jQuery json-viewer
+ * @author Alexandre Bodelot <alexandre.bodelot@gmail.com>
+ * @link https://github.com/abodelot/jquery.json-viewer
+ * @license MIT
+ *
+ * @returns {string}
+ */
+function json2html(json, options) {
+    let html = "";
+    if (typeof json === "string") {
+        // Escape tags and quotes
+        json = Utils.escapeHtml(json);
+
+        if (options.withLinks && isUrl(json)) {
+            html += `<a href="${json}" class="json-string" target="_blank">${json}</a>`;
+        } else {
+            // Escape double quotes in the rendered non-URL string.
+            json = json.replace(/&quot;/g, "\\&quot;");
+            html += `<span class="json-string">"${json}"</span>`;
+        }
+    } else if (typeof json === "number" || typeof json === "bigint") {
+        html += `<span class="json-literal">${json}</span>`;
+    } else if (typeof json === "boolean") {
+        html += `<span class="json-literal">${json}</span>`;
+    } else if (json === null) {
+        html += '<span class="json-literal">null</span>';
+    } else if (json instanceof Array) {
+        if (json.length > 0) {
+            html += '<span class="json-bracket">[</span><ol class="json-array">';
+            for (let i = 0; i < json.length; i++) {
+                html += "<li>";
+
+                // Add toggle button if item is collapsable
+                if (isCollapsable(json[i])) {
+                    const isArr = json[i] instanceof Array;
+                    html += '<details open class="json-details">' +
+                        `<summary class="json-summary ${isArr ? "json-arr" : "json-obj"}"></summary>` +
+                        json2html(json[i], options) +
+                        "</details>";
+                } else {
+                    html += json2html(json[i], options);
+                }
+
+                // Add comma if item is not last
+                if (i < json.length - 1) {
+                    html += '<span class="json-comma">,</span>';
+                }
+                html += "</li>";
+            }
+            html += '</ol><span class="json-bracket">]</span>';
+        } else {
+            html += '<span class="json-bracket">[]</span>';
+        }
+    } else if (typeof json === "object") {
+        // Optional support different libraries for big numbers
+        // json.isLosslessNumber: package lossless-json
+        // json.toExponential(): packages bignumber.js, big.js, decimal.js, decimal.js-light, others?
+        if (options.bigNumbers && (typeof json.toExponential === "function" || json.isLosslessNumber)) {
+            html += `<span class="json-literal">${json.toString()}</span>`;
+        } else {
+            let keyCount = Object.keys(json).length;
+            if (keyCount > 0) {
+                html += '<span class="json-brace">{</span><ul class="json-dict">';
+                for (const key in json) {
+                    if (Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(json, key)) {
+                        const safeKey = Utils.escapeHtml(key);
+                        html += "<li>";
+
+                        // Add toggle button if item is collapsable
+                        if (isCollapsable(json[key])) {
+                            const isArr = json[key] instanceof Array;
+                            html += '<details open class="json-details">' +
+                                `<summary class="json-summary ${isArr ? "json-arr" : "json-obj"}">${safeKey}<span class="json-colon">:</span> </summary>` +
+                                json2html(json[key], options) +
+                                "</details>";
+                        } else {
+                            html += safeKey + '<span class="json-colon">:</span> ' + json2html(json[key], options);
+                        }
+
+                        // Add comma if item is not last
+                        if (--keyCount > 0) {
+                            html += '<span class="json-comma">,</span>';
+                        }
+                        html += "</li>";
+                    }
+                }
+                html += '</ul><span class="json-brace">}</span>';
+            } else {
+                html += '<span class="json-brace">{}</span>';
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    return html;
+}
+
 export default JSONBeautify;

src/core/operations/PEMToHex.mjs

@@ -1,11 +1,14 @@
 /**
  * @author n1474335 [n1474335@gmail.com]
+ * @author cplussharp
  * @copyright Crown Copyright 2016
  * @license Apache-2.0
  */
 
-import r from "jsrsasign";
+import { fromBase64 } from "../lib/Base64.mjs";
+import { toHexFast } from "../lib/Hex.mjs";
 import Operation from "../Operation.mjs";
+import OperationError from "../errors/OperationError.mjs";
 
 /**
  * PEM to Hex operation
@@ -19,12 +22,18 @@ class PEMToHex extends Operation {
         super();
 
         this.name = "PEM to Hex";
-        this.module = "PublicKey";
+        this.module = "Default";
         this.description = "Converts PEM (Privacy Enhanced Mail) format to a hexadecimal DER (Distinguished Encoding Rules) string.";
-        this.infoURL = "https://wikipedia.org/wiki/X.690#DER_encoding";
+        this.infoURL = "https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Privacy-Enhanced_Mail#Format";
         this.inputType = "string";
         this.outputType = "string";
         this.args = [];
+        this.checks = [
+            {
+                "pattern": "----BEGIN ([A-Z][A-Z ]+[A-Z])-----",
+                "args": []
+            }
+        ];
     }
 
     /**
@@ -33,17 +42,25 @@ class PEMToHex extends Operation {
      * @returns {string}
      */
     run(input, args) {
-        if (input.indexOf("-----BEGIN") < 0) {
-            // Add header so that the KEYUTIL function works
-            input = "-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----" + input;
+        const output = [];
+        let match;
+        const regex = /-----BEGIN ([A-Z][A-Z ]+[A-Z])-----/g;
+        while ((match = regex.exec(input)) !== null) {
+            // find corresponding end tag
+            const indexBase64 = match.index + match[0].length;
+            const footer = `-----END ${match[1]}-----`;
+            const indexFooter = input.indexOf(footer, indexBase64);
+            if (indexFooter === -1) {
+                throw new OperationError(`PEM footer '${footer}' not found`);
+            }
+
+            // decode base64 content
+            const base64 = input.substring(indexBase64, indexFooter);
+            const bytes = fromBase64(base64, "A-Za-z0-9+/=", "byteArray", true);
+            const hex = toHexFast(bytes);
+            output.push(hex);
         }
-        if (input.indexOf("-----END") < 0) {
-            // Add footer so that the KEYUTIL function works
-            input = input + "-----END CERTIFICATE-----";
-        }
-        const cert = new r.X509();
-        cert.readCertPEM(input);
-        return cert.hex;
+        return output.join("\n");
     }
 
 }

src/web/stylesheets/index.css

@@ -34,3 +34,6 @@
 @import "./layout/_operations.css";
 @import "./layout/_recipe.css";
 @import "./layout/_structure.css";
+
+/* Operations */
+@import "./operations/json.css";

src/web/stylesheets/operations/json.css

@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+/**
+ * JSON styles
+ *
+ * @author n1474335 [n1474335@gmail.com]
+ * @copyright Crown Copyright 2022
+ * @license Apache-2.0
+ *
+ * Adapted for CyberChef by @n1474335 from jQuery json-viewer
+ * @author Alexandre Bodelot <alexandre.bodelot@gmail.com>
+ * @link https://github.com/abodelot/jquery.json-viewer
+ * @license MIT
+ */
+
+/* Root element */
+.json-document {
+    padding: .5em 1.5em;
+}
+
+/* Syntax highlighting for JSON objects */
+ul.json-dict, ol.json-array {
+    list-style-type: none;
+    margin: 0 0 0 1px;
+    border-left: 1px dotted #ccc;
+    padding-left: 2em;
+}
+.json-string {
+    color: green;
+}
+.json-literal {
+    color: red;
+}
+.json-brace,
+.json-bracket,
+.json-colon,
+.json-comma {
+    color: gray;
+}
+
+/* Collapse */
+.json-details {
+    display: inline;
+}
+.json-details[open] {
+    display: contents;
+}
+.json-summary {
+    display: contents;
+}
+
+/* Display object and array brackets when closed */
+.json-summary.json-obj::after {
+    color: gray;
+    content: "{ ... }"
+}
+.json-summary.json-arr::after {
+    color: gray;
+    content: "[ ... ]"
+}
+.json-details[open] > .json-summary.json-obj::after,
+.json-details[open] > .json-summary.json-arr::after  {
+    content: "";
+}
+
+/* Show arrows, even in inline mode */
+.json-summary::before {
+    content: "\25BC";
+    color: #c0c0c0;
+    margin-left: -12px;
+    margin-right: 5px;
+    display: inline-block;
+    transform: rotate(-90deg);
+}
+.json-summary:hover::before {
+    color: #aaa;
+}
+.json-details[open] > .json-summary::before {
+    transform: rotate(0deg);
+}

tests/operations/index.mjs

@@ -67,6 +67,7 @@ import "./tests/PGP.mjs";
 import "./tests/PHP.mjs";
 import "./tests/ParseIPRange.mjs";
 import "./tests/ParseQRCode.mjs";
+import "./tests/PEMtoHex.mjs";
 import "./tests/PowerSet.mjs";
 import "./tests/Regex.mjs";
 import "./tests/Register.mjs";

tests/operations/tests/JSONBeautify.mjs

@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ TestRegister.addTests([
         recipeConfig: [
             {
                 op: "JSON Beautify",
-                args: [" ", false],
+                args: [" ", false, false],
             },
         ],
     },
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ TestRegister.addTests([
         recipeConfig: [
             {
                 op: "JSON Beautify",
-                args: [" ", false],
+                args: [" ", false, false],
             },
         ],
     },
@@ -38,8 +38,12 @@ TestRegister.addTests([
         recipeConfig: [
             {
                 op: "JSON Beautify",
-                args: [" ", false],
+                args: [" ", false, false],
             },
+            {
+                op: "HTML To Text",
+                args: []
+            }
         ],
     },
     {
@@ -49,7 +53,7 @@ TestRegister.addTests([
         recipeConfig: [
             {
                 op: "JSON Beautify",
-                args: [" ", false],
+                args: [" ", false, false],
             },
         ],
     },
@@ -60,7 +64,7 @@ TestRegister.addTests([
         recipeConfig: [
             {
                 op: "JSON Beautify",
-                args: [" ", false],
+                args: [" ", false, false],
             },
         ],
     },
@@ -71,7 +75,7 @@ TestRegister.addTests([
         recipeConfig: [
             {
                 op: "JSON Beautify",
-                args: [" ", false],
+                args: [" ", false, false],
             },
         ],
     },
@@ -82,7 +86,7 @@ TestRegister.addTests([
         recipeConfig: [
             {
                 op: "JSON Beautify",
-                args: ["\t", false],
+                args: ["\t", false, false],
             },
         ],
     },
@@ -93,8 +97,12 @@ TestRegister.addTests([
         recipeConfig: [
             {
                 op: "JSON Beautify",
-                args: [" ", false],
+                args: [" ", false, false],
             },
+            {
+                op: "HTML To Text",
+                args: []
+            }
         ],
     },
     {
@@ -104,8 +112,12 @@ TestRegister.addTests([
         recipeConfig: [
             {
                 op: "JSON Beautify",
-                args: ["\t", false],
+                args: ["\t", false, false],
             },
+            {
+                op: "HTML To Text",
+                args: []
+            }
         ],
     },
     {
@@ -115,8 +127,12 @@ TestRegister.addTests([
         recipeConfig: [
             {
                 op: "JSON Beautify",
-                args: ["\t", true],
+                args: ["\t", true, false],
             },
+            {
+                op: "HTML To Text",
+                args: []
+            }
         ],
     },
 ]);

tests/operations/tests/PEMtoHex.mjs

@@ -0,0 +1,294 @@
+/**
+ * Test PEMtoHex with different inputs
+ *
+ * @author cplussharp
+ *
+ * @license Apache-2.0
+ */
+
+import TestRegister from "../../lib/TestRegister.mjs";
+
+/** RSA 2048bit key pair as PKCS1 and PKCS8 and as certificate */
+const PEMS_RSA_PRIVATE_KEY_PKCS1 = `-----BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY-----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+-----END RSA PRIVATE KEY-----`;
+
+const PEMS_RSA_PRIVATE_KEY_PKCS8 = `-----BEGIN PRIVATE KEY-----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+-----END PRIVATE KEY-----`;
+
+const PEMS_RSA_PUBLIC_KEY_PKCS1 = `-----BEGIN RSA PUBLIC KEY-----
+MIIBCgKCAQEA5WykLKHiBAhmZh5WhocgpQQqZjdrApuRxRT21SJZx6Ce+Oz2V17/
+heozu5LEz63jCxW1NrBckzl/Ys8p9LeqYTu6x/LbKloTjfEWxlzXnzUSqn9JHIxm
+mJQzjXp9X1D99Tj+NWpRGEIiCFE7JfDhe2KnMGVDDg6kfCLokDdLo256LeQ4CEkV
+iwY6d+at4xDlIHwvZZmG4Smk56eHhvQE3I8sSAzgoLMBamQ5m3MbiULAYtxskCpC
+fjFxrL6Ziaaj7HZoneF40R30KCI9ygF8vkzxLwe3t5Y4XgHL9TYQm1+BDninupIB
+/zTeO1ygBGA66m6zpmkmuG7d8HXIducz+wIDAQAB
+-----END RSA PUBLIC KEY-----`;
+
+const PEMS_RSA_PUBLIC_KEY_PKCS8 = `-----BEGIN PUBLIC KEY-----
+MIIBIjANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQEFAAOCAQ8AMIIBCgKCAQEA5WykLKHiBAhmZh5Whocg
+pQQqZjdrApuRxRT21SJZx6Ce+Oz2V17/heozu5LEz63jCxW1NrBckzl/Ys8p9Leq
+YTu6x/LbKloTjfEWxlzXnzUSqn9JHIxmmJQzjXp9X1D99Tj+NWpRGEIiCFE7JfDh
+e2KnMGVDDg6kfCLokDdLo256LeQ4CEkViwY6d+at4xDlIHwvZZmG4Smk56eHhvQE
+3I8sSAzgoLMBamQ5m3MbiULAYtxskCpCfjFxrL6Ziaaj7HZoneF40R30KCI9ygF8
+vkzxLwe3t5Y4XgHL9TYQm1+BDninupIB/zTeO1ygBGA66m6zpmkmuG7d8HXIducz
++wIDAQAB
+-----END PUBLIC KEY-----`;
+
+const PEMS_RSA_CERT = `-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----`;
+
+/** EC P-256 key pair and certificate */
+const PEMS_EC_P256_PRIVATE_KEY = `-----BEGIN EC PRIVATE KEY-----
+MHcCAQEEIIhdQxQIcMnCHD3X4WqNv+VgycWmFoEZpRl9X0+dT9uHoAoGCCqGSM49
+AwEHoUQDQgAEFLQcBbzDweo6af4k3k0gKWMNWOZVn8+9hH2rv4DKKYZ7E1z64LBt
+PnB1gMz++HDKySr2ozD3/46dIbQMXUZKpw==
+-----END EC PRIVATE KEY-----`;
+
+const PEMS_EC_P256_PRIVATE_KEY_PKCS8 = `-----BEGIN PRIVATE KEY-----
+MIGHAgEAMBMGByqGSM49AgEGCCqGSM49AwEHBG0wawIBAQQgiF1DFAhwycIcPdfh
+ao2/5WDJxaYWgRmlGX1fT51P24ehRANCAAQUtBwFvMPB6jpp/iTeTSApYw1Y5lWf
+z72Efau/gMophnsTXPrgsG0+cHWAzP74cMrJKvajMPf/jp0htAxdRkqn
+-----END PRIVATE KEY-----`;
+
+const PEMS_EC_P256_PUBLIC_KEY = `-----BEGIN PUBLIC KEY-----
+MFkwEwYHKoZIzj0CAQYIKoZIzj0DAQcDQgAEFLQcBbzDweo6af4k3k0gKWMNWOZV
+n8+9hH2rv4DKKYZ7E1z64LBtPnB1gMz++HDKySr2ozD3/46dIbQMXUZKpw==
+-----END PUBLIC KEY-----`;
+
+const PEMS_FOO = `-----BEGIN FOO-----
+Rk9P
+-----END FOO-----`;
+const PEMS_BAR = `-----BEGIN BAR-----
+QkFS
+-----END BAR-----`;
+
+TestRegister.addTests([
+    {
+        name: "PEMtoHex: Nothing",
+        input: "",
+        expectedOutput: "",
+        recipeConfig: [
+            {
+                "op": "PEM to Hex",
+                "args": []
+            }
+        ]
+    },
+    {
+        name: "PEMtoHex: No footer",
+        input: PEMS_RSA_PRIVATE_KEY_PKCS1.substring(0, 200),
+        expectedOutput: "PEM footer '-----END RSA PRIVATE KEY-----' not found",
+        recipeConfig: [
+            {
+                "op": "PEM to Hex",
+                "args": []
+            }
+        ]
+    },
+    {
+        name: "PEMtoHex: Multiple PEMs",
+        input: PEMS_FOO + "\n" + PEMS_BAR,
+        expectedOutput: "FOOBAR",
+        recipeConfig: [
+            {
+                "op": "PEM to Hex",
+                "args": []
+            },
+            {
+                "op": "From Hex",
+                "args": ["Auto"]
+            }
+        ]
+    },
+    {
+        name: "PEMtoHex: Single line PEM",
+        input: PEMS_FOO.replace(/(\n|\r)/gm, ""),
+        expectedOutput: "FOO",
+        recipeConfig: [
+            {
+                "op": "PEM to Hex",
+                "args": []
+            },
+            {
+                "op": "From Hex",
+                "args": ["None"]
+            }
+        ]
+    },
+    {
+        name: "PEMtoHex: EC P-256 Private Key",
+        input: PEMS_EC_P256_PRIVATE_KEY,
+        expectedOutput: "30770201010420885d43140870c9c21c3dd7e16a8dbfe560c9c5a6168119a5197d5f4f9d4fdb87a00a06082a8648ce3d030107a1440342000414b41c05bcc3c1ea3a69fe24de4d2029630d58e6559fcfbd847dabbf80ca29867b135cfae0b06d3e707580ccfef870cac92af6a330f7ff8e9d21b40c5d464aa7",
+        recipeConfig: [
+            {
+                "op": "PEM to Hex",
+                "args": []
+            }
+        ]
+    },
+    {
+        name: "PEMtoHex: EC P-256 Private Key PKCS8",
+        input: PEMS_EC_P256_PRIVATE_KEY_PKCS8,
+        expectedOutput: "308187020100301306072a8648ce3d020106082a8648ce3d030107046d306b0201010420885d43140870c9c21c3dd7e16a8dbfe560c9c5a6168119a5197d5f4f9d4fdb87a1440342000414b41c05bcc3c1ea3a69fe24de4d2029630d58e6559fcfbd847dabbf80ca29867b135cfae0b06d3e707580ccfef870cac92af6a330f7ff8e9d21b40c5d464aa7",
+        recipeConfig: [
+            {
+                "op": "PEM to Hex",
+                "args": []
+            }
+        ]
+    },
+    {
+        name: "PEMtoHex: EC P-256 Public Key",
+        input: PEMS_EC_P256_PUBLIC_KEY,
+        expectedOutput: "3059301306072a8648ce3d020106082a8648ce3d0301070342000414b41c05bcc3c1ea3a69fe24de4d2029630d58e6559fcfbd847dabbf80ca29867b135cfae0b06d3e707580ccfef870cac92af6a330f7ff8e9d21b40c5d464aa7",
+        recipeConfig: [
+            {
+                "op": "PEM to Hex",
+                "args": []
+            }
+        ]
+    },
+    {
+        name: "PEMtoHex: RSA Private Key PKCS1",
+        input: PEMS_RSA_PRIVATE_KEY_PKCS1,
+        expectedOutput: "fb49bd96ffc5d1351a35d773921fac03",
+        recipeConfig: [
+            {
+                "op": "PEM to Hex",
+                "args": []
+            },
+            {
+                "op": "MD5",
+                "args": []
+            }
+        ]
+    },
+    {
+        name: "PEMtoHex: RSA Private Key PKCS8",
+        input: PEMS_RSA_PRIVATE_KEY_PKCS8,
+        expectedOutput: "23086d03633689fee64680c3c24409eb",
+        recipeConfig: [
+            {
+                "op": "PEM to Hex",
+                "args": []
+            },
+            {
+                "op": "MD5",
+                "args": []
+            }
+        ]
+    },
+    {
+        name: "PEMtoHex: RSA Public Key PKCS1",
+        input: PEMS_RSA_PUBLIC_KEY_PKCS1,
+        expectedOutput: "5fc3f1f6c5d5806760b12eaad0c0292c",
+        recipeConfig: [
+            {
+                "op": "PEM to Hex",
+                "args": []
+            },
+            {
+                "op": "MD5",
+                "args": []
+            }
+        ]
+    },
+    {
+        name: "PEMtoHex: RSA Public Key PKCS8",
+        input: PEMS_RSA_PUBLIC_KEY_PKCS8,
+        expectedOutput: "30fbe8e9495d591232affebdd6206ea6",
+        recipeConfig: [
+            {
+                "op": "PEM to Hex",
+                "args": []
+            },
+            {
+                "op": "MD5",
+                "args": []
+            }
+        ]
+    },
+    {
+        name: "PEMtoHex: Certificate",
+        input: PEMS_RSA_CERT,
+        expectedOutput: "6694d8ca4a0ceb84c3951d25dc05ec6e",
+        recipeConfig: [
+            {
+                "op": "PEM to Hex",
+                "args": []
+            },
+            {
+                "op": "MD5",
+                "args": []
+            }
+        ]
+    }
+]);